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=== Page 1 of 29

January 29, 1987

Jeffrey

SCIENTISTS

Some of the enclosed newsclips are from Ocala...had to leave there before could do file. But...makes no difference... the Sun Attack and psi-ripples have caused all, right up to the present time...along with other mechanisms that have been activated (displaced Bermuda Triangle Effect; attack from the Atlantic, Pacific and Gulf waters, etc.) Just in case you might snicker at bodies of water attacking...remember that American Indians believed that rivers, lakes and oceans had a "spirit" in them.

P. 1: Weinberger's plane struck by lightning. Coincidence? Weinberger is pushing "star wars" technology and military-in-space work. Exactly what my UFOs will not allow. Weinberger has had his "lightning warning."

P. 2: I made a long distance call to Chicago...at which time all the power in Chicago went out. Coincidence? At Duke I phoned my girl friend at her sorority house and all the power there went out. In Durham there are tall lampposts lining both sides of the street. At night, when I would walk down the sidewalk all the lights on my side of the street would go out. And of course I knocked out the power in 5 States while living in Philadelphia...first notifying scientists and lawyers in writing that I would do so, before it actually occurred. There are clips on p. 2 and p. 13 which apply the term "whammy" to recent unusual weather. And the writers are, of course, quite correct. The weather has been caused by my UFOs "sun attack", which could be termed a "whammy" in slang parlance.

P. 3: Scientists are still trying to call my UFOs Sun Attack "El Nino". Ha ha.

P. 4: Note that in one clip it states that scientists do not believe that solar activity has anything to do with the holes in the ozone layers at the North and South poles. Then, five days later, in the N.Y. Times article the scientists state that the holes might be caused by bursts of solar energy.

P. 5: For personal reasons I have been attacking the State of Texas for years, in various ways, with psi-force techniques. It is interesting that Texas is going broke. Good. Couldn't happen to a nicer State.

Other clip. My UFOs destroyed Challenger for various reasons... one of which was to teach the young people of our country to stay out of space and space work. (I phoned a scientist long distance before Challenger blew up and told him that my UFOs were going to explode a space shuttle. Thus, it is on record.) Then, the reason I went to Hong Kong was to teamwork with my UFOs in certain ways so that my UFOs could control Russia and/or China. Following my trip my UFOs destroyed Chernobyl... in order to teach stupid mankind that nuclear war could not be survived by the human race. Before Chernobyl, humans did not really have a "measuring stick" with which to evaluate properly the effect of a nuclear war or disaster. Now they know. My UFOs are great teachers...albeit a bit rough with their teachings.


=== Page 2 of 29

2

P. 6: As I have told you, the U.S. is under attack by the Atlantic, Pacific and Gulf. Here you have the poisonous Red Tide attacking Texas and Gulf waters...then on p. 7 a deadly Brown Tide is attacking from the Atlantic side. Am certain that you will find this article, particularly, fascinating. Then on p. 8 bodies of water and The Sun Attack wiping out the oyster crop on a massive scale.

P. 9: The crooked Jackie Presser gets a tumor on his lung...and various bigtime mob bosses get put away. This is what my UFOs are currently working at...to eliminate the bad members of the human race in key positions of power and replace them with good humans. It is interesting, in a synchronistic way, that Judge Owen gave top Mafia bosses 100 years each. Remember some years ago when I produced a UFO over the heads of two policemen in a certain area of Virginia.. (a demonstration for a scientist.) One of the policemen was named Owen. And if you have the green book that I wrote you can read about another of my experiments whereby Big Foot stopped a car, reached in and grabbed the woman driver by the hair. Her name? Owen.

P. 10: This clip is interesting because I gave a secret, unpublicized demonstration of my UFO powers in Ocala...attacking the Ocala newspaper building with various psi-force techniques to obtain various results. To my astonishment this clip appeared, relating to a UFO kidnapping an Ocala resident.

P. 11: Fort Ann is where we live, outside of town in a semi-isolated area just like this man. Burglars are attacking homes in this area. There only a handful of police here. Last week a man broke into a house near here and raped and robbed a young woman. After he walked out of her house she grabbed a pistol that she had handy and blasted him with it from a window. The police are tying the man into a number of rapes in this area.

The rest of the enclosed file deals with results from The Sun Attack.

Ted Owens (PK Man)

New address:
Rt. 149, RR 2,
Box 2169, Fort Ann,
New York, 12827.

Phone: (512) 632-5192

Owens

PS. Nature now is thinning out the over-populated human race with cancer, AIDS, etc. When Nature has over-population under control, then it will supply the human race with answers to cancer, AIDS, etc., and these deadly illnesses will be stopped and controlled by humans. (If you have a ranch with enough grass to feed 1,000 cows - you do not allow the herd to grow to 3,000 cows.)


=== Page 3 of 29

Weinberger Warns of Gains In Soviet Space Technology

By DAVID E. SANGER
Special to The New York Times
NY Times
1/23/87

COLORADO SPRINGS, Jan. 22 -- Making his most specific and spirited arguments yet for an early deployment of a space-based defense against nuclear missiles, Secretary of Defense Caspar W. Weinberger said today that "we must seize this opportunity" because the chance to stay ahead of Soviet technology "will not remain with us forever."

Mr. Weinberger, speaking at a symposium of space officials and military contractors, also said he now expected the Soviet Union to test a ground-based laser defense against missiles "in the next three years."

Officials in the Reagan Administration have said in recent weeks that even if the United States decided to deploy the first phase of its missile defense plan in the early 1990's, research on similar laser systems would not be sufficiently advanced to allow their incorporation into the "Star Wars" system being developed by the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization.

Mr. Weinberger's comments came as the Administration appeared to be sharply divided over the question of whether to move quickly to deploy an initial, if primitive, missile defense system. At arms negotiations in Geneva, the United States has told Soviet negotiators that it was willing to adhere to the 1972 Antiballistic Missile Treaty, which bans the deployment of space-based defense systems, for up to 10 more years as part of a larger compromise.

'Deploy as Soon as We Can'

But the Secretary said at a news conference after his speech at the United States Space Foundation meeting here, "We would like to deploy as soon as we can," and he suggested that a decision to proceed with early deployment could be made in the near future.

At the same time, Mr. Weinberger cautioned against believing any contention, made repeatedly at some symposium sessions here, that an early version of the antimissile system could be assembled with technologies already available. "I am sorry to say there are no technologies on the shelf that can do the job we want and need," he said.

Nonetheless, he added, "Phase 1 would have great benefit," a statement that was warmly received here by executives whose companies already hold several billion dollars in missile defense research projects.

"This phase could include both ground- and space-based components operating to detect, track and destroy ballistic missiles in the boost and late midcourse phases of flight," the Secretary said. The boost phase occurs just after a missile has been launched, and the late midcourse phase refers to the time period just before the missile re-enters the atmosphere.

Gain in Deterrence Seen

But Mr. Weinberger acknowledged that a first phase of deployment would not be able to stop all Soviet missiles. Instead, he said its chief value was that it would enhance deterrence by increasing Soviet doubts that a surprise attack could succeed.

Critics of the early deployment plan say it would cost more than $100 billion and would be easily and cheaply overwhelmed. And experts here have said repeatedly in private that the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger a year ago has left the United States without the capability of putting a missile defense in orbit for at least 10 years.

Mr. Weinberger, annoyed at such arguments, said, "I don't think anyone is in a position to give estimates of percentages of effectiveness, or specific dates or deployment or costs." Those who make cost estimates, he added, "have the advantage of not knowing anything about it."

Radically Different Approaches

The most interesting new questions raised by Mr. Weinberger's speech center on the radically differing approaches the United States and the Soviet Union appear to be taking in developing strategic defense systems.

Mr. Weinberger described the Soviet program as one that focused heavily on lasers and particle beam weapons. He said the Soviet Union "could begin testing components for large scale deployment of a laser ABM system in the early 1990's."

But no such claim has been made for the United States, even by the most ardent enthusiasts of the nation's antimissile research. The chief components of an early deployment system would probably be weapons such as ground-based rockets that would fire heat-seeking interceptors to collide with warheads.

Lightning Strikes Jet Carrying Weinberger

WASHINGTON, Jan. 22 (AP) -- A small jet with Secretary Caspar W. Weinberger and his wife, Jane, aboard was struck by lightning last Sunday, the Air Force reported Wednesday.

The Air Force said the incident occurred as the Weinbergers were heading for Andrews Air Force Base, Md., after spending the weekend at their home in Bar Harbor, Me.

The Weinbergers and three aides were flying in an executive twin-engine jet that can carry up to 15 passengers. "Weinberger is joking about it now, saying he wasn't hit by lightning but by a Soviet missile," said the aide, "but there was a brilliant flash and a big jolt, and for a moment nobody knew what had happened. Everybody on the plane saw it and felt it. The pilot recovered promptly, though, and managed a normal landing."

Another official said, "I understand it turned out to be a hairy ride."

The Air Force said the pilot, Lieut. Col. Charlie Arms, was making his final approach to the base when the lightning bolt sheared off the the housing on the plane's nose that covers the radar and other electronic instruments, damaged the right wing, and burned the craft's right side.

Associated Press

Defense Secretary Caspar W. Weinberger speaking yesterday in Colorado Springs.


=== Page 4 of 29

# Power City turned wimp

UFC Sun Attack Post-Star 1/25/87

WASHINGTON -- The bank where I stash my money in this town advertises itself as "The Most Important Bank for the Most Important People in the Most Important City in the World."

That slogan tells you all you need to know about Washington.

It's not a city loaded down with an excess of humility.

That's why the Great Snows of '87 -- what TV weathermen are calling the Double Whammy -- were more than just a meteorological twist of fate. (all "whammy")

That paralyzing blanket of white stuff -- two feet in five days -- left the Imperial City with a badly frozen ego.

Yeah, I know, it snowed like crazy in Philadelphia and New York and Boston, too. But those are places where people own snow tires and boots and snow plows. Places where a blizzard is part of life, not a calamity that shrivels the soul.

But Washington -- hey, remember, this is a city with a finger on the button of 7,000 nukes, a city that can bomb Libya on a whim, a city that snaps its fingers at trillion-dollar budgets, a city jammed with lawyers, lobbyists, shrinks, think tanks and stretch limos.

We're talking about an epicenter of smugness.

Then along comes a foot or two of snow and Power City USA goes into a severe funk.

The shiny, almost-new Metro subway system freezes and won't run. Snow-crazed bureaucrats skid their BMWs into each other and abandon them, turning the Beltway into a parking lot. Snow plows are as rare and invisible as Stealth aircraft.

Couple of days of that carnage and Power City USA looked like Admiral Byrd's base camp at the South Pole. Or Bangor, Maine, with monuments.

Sandy Grady

"I think all the Russians have to do to wipe out Star Wars," said one diplomat from Jamaica Monday, "is drop 10 inches of snow on Washington."

The chaos in Power City began last Thursday. In the middle of a morning snowstorm, the Reagan administration brought 300,000 bureaucrats to work, then two hours later sent all 300,000 home again.

It made Napoleon's retreat from Moscow look orderly.

The fancy $9 billion Metro rail system wouldn't work because -- unlike Philadelphia, Chicago and Boston subways -- it had no heating equipment for outdoor rails. Buses stalled in snow banks. Traffic jams lasted six hours.

Oh, I did see two D.C. snow plows. Both had flat tires, abandoned like a couple of Rommel's shot-up tanks.

The mess made you understand John F. Kennedy's famous line: "Washington is a city of Northern charm and Southern efficiency."

For a humbling picture, there was President Reagan -- a leader with fleets in Boeing 747s and Marine helicopters at his command -- being driven from Camp David in a four-wheel-drive van.

National and Dulles airports, of course, were glaciers. So the big hotels like Marriott and Sheraton-Washington sold out their $100-a-day rooms. Bars were jammed. One snowbound couple got hitched, possibly out of boredom. So everybody hunkered down to watch the Super Bowl.

Then came the Second Whammy, Sunday night's snowstorm that turned Power City USA into a minor-league village.

Reagan's chief bureaucrat, Constance Horner, announced, "Only essential workers are to report for work."

Confusion -- who was essential? Well, we found out quickly. It wasn't the $70,000 congressmen, the $300,000 lawyers, the $500,000 lobbyists. No, the essential people were, in order: anybody with a four-wheel drive, bartenders, supermarket checkout clerks, tow truck drivers, and any kid who'd shovel a walk for $2.

Congress? A few hardy souls straggled into the Capitol, met for five minutes and adjourned. Supreme Court? Closed. Pentagon? Its parking lot was deserted.

The inside White House joke: "Where is Don Regan's shovel brigade when we need it?"

Only Sen. Dale Bumpers, D-Ark., grumped that all 300,000 bureaucrats stayed home. "I hate to see a little snow cost the government $8 million," said Bumpers.

Meanwhile, the mayor of the frozen Imperial City, Marion Barry, was in Pasadena Calif., where he presumably had a good view of frozen Washington on his poolside TV set.

Asked when he would return, an aide to Mr. Mayor chuckled, "When it stops snowing."

Oh, well, the old arrogance will come back. But there was a week when the limos were frozen, the Capitol was an empty igloo, and Power City USA was as humble as Great Falls, Minn.

Rare Set of Events Led To Chicago Blackout

Special to The New York Times

CHICAGO, Dec. 24 -- A rare combination of foggy weather, dirt and the residue of air pollution caused the power failure that left 200,000 residents without electricity for up to 12 hours Tuesday, officials explained today.

The power failure, which began about 4:30 A.M., darkened about nine square miles of the city's North Side, including major downtown hotels.

The loss of electricity was caused by a shutdown at a power substation on the North Side, according to a spokesman for the Commonwealth Edison Company, Carter Brydon.

The cool, damp weather caused condensation to build up on 40 outdoor insulators, which were dirty from air pollutants, said John Maxson, superintendent of the Edison division. The dirty water on the insulators then acted as an electrical conductor, causing a series of short circuits. When crews cleaned the insulators and the built-up moisture, the power was turned back on, causing a "power arc" between two transformers. The blackout occurred when the transformers automatically shut down because of internal safety systems.

2


=== Page 5 of 29

El Niño Returns, but Disaster Is Not Foreseen

UFO Sun Attack

By ERIK ECKHOLM

El Niño, the momentous shift in the winds and waters of the tropical Pacific, has returned, but it appears unlikely to bring the widespread climatic disaster it did four years ago, the National Weather Service said yesterday.

Data for December indicate that a "moderate" Niño has developed, the Federal scientists said. So far at least, the changes in ocean temperature are small compared with those of the last Niño in 1982-83, which played havoc with the weather on several continents, causing floods and droughts that took more than a thousand lives and caused billions of dollars in damage.

Link to Southeast Rains

"It's highly unlikely that we will see a series of disastrous consequences like last time," said Vernon Kousky of the Weather Service's Climate Analysis Center. "But it's difficult to say how it will evolve in the next few months."

The major effect observed this year has been a decline in the normally heavy rainfall in the Philippines, Indonesia and northern Australia as rains are pushed out into the central Pacific.

Wet weather in the Southeastern United States and mild conditions in the Northwest, western Canada and Alaska are also probably linked to the shifts in the tropical Pacific climate, Dr. Kousky said, as are abnormally heavy rains in southern Brazil and eastern Africa and dry conditions in southern Africa.

El Niño occurs at irregular intervals of two to seven years and normally lasts one to two years. For reasons that scientists are only beginning to figure out, warm Pacific surface waters, which usually build up near Asia, begin flowing toward South America. Surface winds that normally blow toward Asia weaken or reverse themselves.

When the changes are especially strong, as they were four years ago, South American countries along the Pacific are lashed by heavy rains while a sudden warming of coastal waters destroys valuable fisheries. In 1983, atmospheric disturbances brought on by El Niño also caused searing droughts in Australia, Indonesia and southern Africa.

This time the warming of surface water in the central Pacific is less marked than in 1983, and most scientists expect the unusual conditions to dissipate rather than to intensify.

Although current evidence suggests it will not be a strong one, this year's Niño may be remembered by experts as the first to be successfully predicted by scientific models. Last year at least three scientific teams, using different methods, predicted that a moderate Niño would occur in the fall or winter.

Through the summer and fall these scientists watched with interest, and sometimes chagrin, as data gathered by ships, airplanes, buoys and island stations failed to indicate an emerging Niño. In particular, the warming of cold, rich fishing waters off the coast of Peru that often heralds the phenomenon did not occur.

But major changes in ocean temperature were occurring farther out in the Pacific, said Stephen E. Zebiak of Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, who last winter, with Mark A. Cane, predicted the phenomenon for late 1986. Now, Dr. Zebiak said, scientists can only wait to see whether the changes persist long enough to alter waters near the South American coast, something he does not expect.

According to the predictive model developed by Dr. Cane and Dr. Zebiak, this winter's Niño should have begun somewhat earlier than it did and shown certain other traits that have not appeared. But over all, Dr. Zebiak said yesterday, "we feel encouraged about our theory, and with new data from this year we can improve the model."

Accurate predictions of Niño-related changes in weather and fishing conditions would be invaluable to farmers, fishermen and governments in many countries, including the United States, said Dr. Kousky of the Federal weather service. On the basis of this year's experience, "we can't say with confidence that we know how to predict" El Niño, he said, "but we're getting closer."

El Niño, Spanish for "the child," was named by Peruvian fishermen who often noticed the shifts in ocean temperature around Christmas.

Post-Star 11/29/86

Forecasters see wet, stormy winter

UFO Sun Attack

WASHINGTON (AP) -- Coastal areas from Maine to Texas can expect stormy, wet weather this winter while the south central regions of the country are likely to have lower-than-normal temperatures, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predicted Friday.

In a long-range forecast, NOAA said that warm Pacific Ocean waters, which could be the harbinger of another El Niño weather phenomenon, would likely make this winter a wet one with increased amounts of either snow or rain in much of the country.

The forecast for stormy weather over the next 90 days covered states along the Great Lakes and the coastal states from Maine down to Florida and across the southern part of Texas and into Arizona.

NOAA's 90-day forecast said that the chances for below-normal temperatures were centered in Arkansas and portions of the surrounding states of Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and Oklahoma.

NOAA said there was a 60 percent chance that the weather in this area would be colder-than-normal this winter.

The forecast for stormy weather was based on a widespread warming in the Pacific Ocean from the Solomon Islands west of Hawaii to near the South American coast. Surface waters in this area have been running between 1 and 3 degrees above normal this fall, according to NOAA long-range forecaster Donald L. Gillman.

While such a warming has in the past been a forerunner to an El Niño, Gillman said it was too early to say whether such a weather pattern would develop this time.

The last El Niño, in 1982 through 1983, disrupted weather worldwide.

3


=== Page 6 of 29

Experts believe chemical process may cause ozone hole

WASHINGTON (AP) - The annual disappearance of much of the protective ozone layer over the South Pole appears to be a chemical process that isn't caused by changing weather or solar activity, scientists reported from Antarctica on yesterday.

However, they said they could not confirm the leading theory of the cause of the October ozone disappearance - that man-made chlorofluorocarbon chemicals used as refrigeration fluids are responsible. Some of their findings, however, are consistent with that theory.

The leader of the expedition, Susan Solomon, a chemist from the Boulder, Colo., lab of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, told a news conference at the National Science Foundation she was "more concerned" than she had been before the expedition, because science has been "unable to come up with an explanation."

Solomon and 17 other scientists from government and university laboratories were hurriedly dispatched to Antarctica in August after examination of old satellite data confirmed the unexpected finding of a British team that starting in the 1970s, ozone concentrations had fallen sharply each October.

Ozone makes life on earth possible by filtering the ultraviolet rays of the sun. The discovery of the Antarctic hole has accelerated efforts to confirm or refute theories that chlorofluorocarbon emissions will destroy ozone, let more ultraviolet through and thus increase skin cancer, damage crops and livestock and degrade plastics.

In December, major producing nations are meeting in Geneva to consider control measures. Other nations refused to go along with a U.S. regulation that banned the chemicals as aerosol propellants in 1978.

Solomon, speaking by telephone from the U.S. base at McMurdo Sound, said it was the consensus of her group that its findings are inconsistent with two theories of why much of the ozone disappears: The theory that the depletion is caused by the 11-year cycle of solar activity and that it is caused by a slight change in wind patterns.

If the regular variation in solar output were causing the ozone drop, large amounts of nitrogen dioxide should be found at altitudes where the ozone is disappearing - but "the nitrogen dioxide abundances inside the ozone hole are the lowest we have observed anywhere in the world," Solomon said.

If changed wind patterns were the cause, nitrous oxide should be found in abundance but that also is "extremely low inside the ozone hole." In addition, tracking of fine particles in the atmosphere by a University of Wyoming team on the expedition shows no evidence of the upward movement of air that would support the wind theory.

Though winds may play a role, "we believe that a chemical mechanism is fundamentally responsible for the formation of the hole."

The team is also testing hypotheses that the Antarctic phenomenon is caused by wind pressures or sudden bursts of solar energy.

But in a message relayed by satellite, the scientists said they had "strong evidence" against those theories, adding: "We suspect a chemical process."

The main agent in that process, however, remains uncertain. The scientists did not find active chlorine in the amounts believed necessary to destroy ozone molecules, and the team's leader, Dr. Susan Solomon, said it appeared that chlorofluorocarbons by themselves were not the culprit. The more likely cause, the team found, involves complex interactions of atmospheric gases.

Ozone, which is considered a pollutant when breathed, is formed by the action of ultraviolet light on oxygen. The thinning of the ozone layer has been measured in other parts of the globe and increases with distance from the equator. The McMurdo team measured a 40 percent decrease in the ozone there over 20 to 30 days.

Milt Freudenheim
James Glanz
and Laura Mansner

Mike Peters
Dayton Daily News
United Media Group
10/26/86

Chemicals Linked To an Ozone 'Hole'
N.Y. Times 10/26/86
Scientists investigating a "hole" in the earth's ozone layer above Antarctica said last week that they were still puzzled about its cause but suspected a "chemical process."

The team of American researchers went to McMurdo station to monitor the thin spot in the ozone, which appears each September. Scientists have strongly suspected for a decade that chlorine, and particularly the chlorofluorocarbons used in refrigeration, aerosols and other commercial applications, destroys ozone molecules and thus depletes the stratospheric blanket that filters out most ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Get this Ralph . . . now they think there's a hole in the ozone layer.


=== Page 7 of 29

Foreclosures Soaring in Texas

Geo. Morn. News 10/13/86
The Associated Press Texas PK

HIGHLAND PARK, Texas - Mansions valued at six figures are joining thousands of modest tract houses on the auction block as economic hard times stir up a blizzard of foreclosure notices in virtually every neighborhood in Texas.

In the Dallas suburbs of Highland Park and University Park, speculators who once struck gold by redeveloping lots are left holding half-million-dollar palaces that nobody wants to buy.

Seventy-seven foreclosures have been posted in the "Park Cities" this year, compared to 14 for all of 1985, according to Foreclosure Listing Service Inc.

In River Oaks and Hedwick Village, Houston neighborhoods where Mercedes are more common than crab grass, mansions are being marketed at fire sale rates by hard-pressed owners who seek to get out with credit and reputation intact.

Residential foreclosures in Houston increased from 9,075 in 1984 to 17,393 in 1985, said Nicki Brandt of Baca Publications, a Houston firm that reports on real estate activity. She said through eight months of 1986, there were 16,703 foreclosures in the area.

More than 40,000 properties have gone on the foreclosure auction block in the last two years in Texas as the energy, agriculture and real estate industries slump, and several times that number have been "posted," or notified of intent to foreclose.

"They are all over the place," says Ken Edelman of Bacca. "They're in just about every neighborhood you can think of."

In the Park Cities, for example, many of those in trouble are energy company executives, said William Brueggeman, professor of real estate at Southern Methodist University's Edwin L. Cox School of Business.

"But the more significant problem is that it was an extremely hot market for six solid years and an incredible price appreciation was going on in the Park Cities," he said. "Twenty percent a year for six years is not out of line."

Brueggeman said skyrocketing valuations left many small, older homes sitting on lots worth hundreds of thousands of dollars. Developers scrambled to buy the sites and raze the old houses to build modern, spacious homes, usually on borrowed money. The houses then sold for $500,000 to $700,000.

"For a two- to three-year period, there was a brisk market but they basically overdid it," he said.

The market softened, and banks started foreclosing.

Texas PK
Texas has
gone broke.
Rich are
losing +
selling homes.
Oil bus. stopped
+
industries
sailing +
losing up
shop.

Hou K. PK OSB 9/30/86
Chernobyl Area Lifeless, American Doctor Reports

LAS VEGAS, Nev. (AP) - Dr. Robert Gale, who treated victims of the Chernobyl nuclear accident, said Monday he was most affected by an aerial view of the eerily silent plant encircled by miles of lifelessness.

Gale, a bone marrow transplant specialist from Los Angeles, told a news conference that the April 26 disaster undermines theories about the survivability of nuclear war.

"The radiation from Chernobyl was one-tenth that of the smallest nuclear weapon," Gale said. "And we were working under optimum conditions, with plenty of doctors available, hospitals intact.

"So if it discourages that feeling (of being able to survive nuclear war), Chernobyl would mean something."

Gale said he was not "for or against nuclear energy," but said of nuclear testing and nuclear power plants, "neither one is good for your health."

He said a helicopter tour of the Chernobyl plant revealed a typical-looking, though heavily damaged building.

"But in an 18- to 20-mile circumference around the plant, there was no sign of life," Gale recalled. He said he was struck by "the disparity of destruction and the accident's huge impact on mankind."

5


=== Page 8 of 29

The Daily Press, Tuesday, Oct. 21, 1986

# Toxic 'red tide' plagues Texas Gulf Coast

CORPUS CHRISTI, Texas (AP) -- A toxic "red tide" that has killed millions of fish along Texas' Gulf Coast has moved into Mexican waters and could linger until the end of the year if temperatures do not drop, officials said yesterday.

Since the explosion of microscopic organisms appeared in late August near Galveston, officials in this city of 250,000 have closed beaches to swimmers, and the oyster harvest, which was scheduled to open Nov. 1, has been suspended from south of Galveston to the Mexican border.

Merchants complain that publicity about the red tide has hurt business and scared off tourists.

For now, authorities and businessmen are hoping for a cold front that will drop water temperatures to 60 degrees or lower, a level that hinders red tide.

The water temperature has been in the upper 70s to the 80s, and a dip to 60 may not occur until mid-December or later, said Pat Patterson, a forecaster at the National Weather Service in Corpus Christi.

Hal Osburn, harvest program leader for the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department's marine laboratory in Rockport, said yesterday the red tide was about 1 to 4 miles wide from Port O'Connor to the Mexican border, a distance of about 170 miles.

"It could be up to 3,000 square miles of the Gulf of Mexico that has some red tide in it," Osburn said.

It has killed pinheads, hardheads, catfish, mullets and some large redfish, said Frank Judd, director of the Pan American University Coastal Studies Laboratory at South Padre Island.

The red tide has stabilized off the coast, he said, but officials are concerned that it will enter the Laguna Madre, a nursery for shrimp, oysters and other fish located between Port Isabel and South Padre Island.

"There's really nothing to prevent it from moving in there," Judd said. "It can change overnight."

Judd said the worst day for the red tide was last Thursday, when people were coughing and experiencing irritated eyes and noses because of the toxins.

## Red Tide Forces Closing Of Texas Coast Beaches

CORPUS CHRISTI, Tex., Oct. 15 -- A red tide of toxic organisms that has killed hundreds of thousands of fish on the Texas coast forced the closing of Corpus Christi beaches yesterday and spread south almost to the Mexican border.

Corpus Christi marine specialist Charlie Fulton said the 1.5 miles of public beach in the city limits were closed at 3:15 p.m. as the red tide crept toward the shore.

"The red tide is just barely off shore," Fulton said.

He said signs reading, "Beaches Closed by Order of the Health Department" will be posted, and "there won't be any fishing, swimming, wind surfing or crabbing allowed on the beaches, probably for the next several days."

A state biologist said yesterday that a cold front was expected to stall the red tide that has plagued the Texas coast for seven weeks, instead spread it nearly all the way to the Mexican border.

# Migration to Sun Belt at turning point

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The flow of Americans to the Sun Belt has reached a turning point, with population experts puzzling over what the future will bring as patterns of movement to Florida, Texas and California undergo major changes.

The three big Sun Belt states continue to grow as they attract movers from the chilly Northeast and Midwest, but the longstanding patterns of movement among states in the South and West have disintegrated, report population experts Alvin J. Sanders and Larry Long.

"We are at a turning point in U.S. migration. But the migration patterns of the past have not yet been replaced by any clear new pattern," they report in the January issue of American Demographics magazine.

"We cannot tell whether a long period of equilibrium between the states in the South and West has just begun, or whether historic migration patterns are about to reverse," say Long and Sanders.

Long is a population researcher at the Census Bureau, while Sanders is an economist at the Tennessee Valley Authority. American Demographics, published by Dow Jones & Co., specializes in population issues.

The researchers note that Texas, which gained heavily in population as the oil-based economy boomed in recent years, has begun losing people to other states.

Often when a state experiences a sharp gain there is a subsequent flow to nearby states, they note, a phenomenon now occurring in Texas. The Northeast, Midwest and Southeast all contributed to Texas' growth.

The widely publicized Michigan-to-Texas migration flow of recent years had diminished as economic problems befall the Lone Star State, they say, and "it's likely the number of people leaving Texas for Michigan now surpasses the number going the other way."

6


=== Page 9 of 29

# Off L.I., a Lethal 'Brown Tide' Puzzles Aquatic Scientists

## Algae Bloom Devastates Lush Marine Ecosystem

By THOMAS J. KNUDSON
Special to The New York Times 11/7/86

RIVERHEAD, L.I., Nov. 6 -- Eighteen months after it began, an algae bloom known here as the "brown tide" continues to baffle the experts.

They still have not learned what is causing it. They have not learned why it is lethal to marine life. They are still uncertain what it eats, how it breeds or how it survives the winter. And they do not know how to control it.

It has become one of the most puzzling biological phenomena to sweep through Long Island's waters in decades -- an algae bloom so destructive that it has transformed the region's lush marine ecosystem into an underwater desert. It has destroyed vast beds of bay scallops and mussels, wiped out large stands of aquatic plants and stolen a special beauty from the region's waters.

"This is something that had not been documented before," said a marine scientist with the State University of New York at Stony Brook, Dr. Scott Siddall. "So no one recognized it."

### Reappearance Is Expected

Many scientists now believe the brown tide will be back again next spring. "The fact that it has occurred two years in succession is ominous," said Elizabeth M. Cosper, an assistant research professor with the State University of New York at Stony Brook. "If we had to put our money down, we say you better bet it's coming back."

"This is something we'll have to live with in the long term and learn to deal with," Dr. Siddall said. "My opinion is that it we will be powerless to prevent it and nearly powerless to control it."

The scientists investigating the brown tide work much like detectives, searching every possible avenue for clues to the cause of the bloom. They have combed through old weather data, examined tidal charts, checked pollution sources, consulted algae experts overseas and even interviewed old-time scallop fishermen.

"From a basic biological viewpoint, the bloom presents a fascinating problem," Dr. Cosper said. "Why is it that this particular species seems to be blooming over this broad area at this time?"

Although no one has yet answered that question, the scientists at Stony Brook, where much of the research on the brown tide is being conducted, are looking into various possibilities, including a shortage of rainfall in the New York region, environmental contamination and global climatic changes.

If the bloom does return next year, it would be disastrous to Long Island's already endangered scallop industry, which in a normal year is worth $800,000 to $1.3 million to fishermen. It could also destroy the millions of hatchery-grown scallops that have been reseeded into the bays this fall at a cost of over $160,000 to local, county and state agencies.

The brown tide has so far been detected on Long Island in Peconic Bay, Gardiners Bay, Shinnecock Bay, Moriches Bay and Great South Bay. It has also been found New Jersey's Barnegat Bay and Rhode Island's Narragansett Bay.

In October, more than 80 officials from New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island and the Federal Government met in Hauppauge for a conference on the brown tide sponsored by the New York Secretary of State, Gail S. Shaffer. The meeting was barred to the press, but scientists who attended said they discussed everything from possible causes for the bloom to its impact on the coastal economy and the marine environment.

### 'We Know So Little'

"We are still trying to figure out what's going on with the brown tide," said William Dennison, an assistant research professor with the State University's Marine Sciences Research Center at Stony Brook. "We know so little about the ocean."

Until last winter, researchers did not even know what kind of organism was causing the bloom. It turned out to be a type of phytoplankton previously unknown to science. The organism, which was named Aureococcus anorexefferens by a Rhode Island scientist, is about 10 to 20 times smaller in diameter than normal phytoplankton, the microscopic plants that form the foundation of the ocean's food chain.

Scientists are looking into the effects of the climate on the algae. On Long Island, 1985 was the second-driest year on record, and this year was also unusually dry, Dr. Siddall said. "These sorts of drought conditions may not directly initiate the bloom, but they may set the stage for other factors, both physical and biological, that do," he said.

For example, Dr. Siddall said, the dry weather contributes to a temporary lowering of the sea level in the region. "That would alter the tidal flushing patterns and affect the quality of sea water," Dr. Siddall said.

### Possible Factors

"Biologically, there are certain types of zooplankton -- microscopic animals -- that graze on algae blooms. And they may be affected by the changes in sunlight, temperature, salinity and so forth. They may not be present to prevent these blooms from over-running the system," Dr. Siddall said.

Scientists are not ruling out pollution. "The fact that some members of the class of phytoplankton causing the bloom have unique phosphorus requirements is interesting," said a professor of biological sciences at Stony Brook, Dr. Edward J. Carpenter. "It's only been a few years since Suffolk County passed a law allowing phosphorus-based detergents.

"This is very controversial, but it could be that phosphorus from detergents is entering our ground water and surface runoff and then our bays. This could possibly be a factor in stimulating these blooms," Dr. Carpenter said.

Another possibility is that the bloom is influenced by broad global factors. "Algae blooms are becoming more common globally," Dr. Siddall said. "But is this because there has been a change in man's activity, is it climatological or is it just because our methods of detection are better? The answers are unclear."

### Scallops Devastated

There is one thing clear about the bloom: It has devastated Long Island's scallop industry. "A bayman should be able to go out and spend an hour and a half and get his limit of 10 bushels," said Dr. Siddall. "The other day, some baymen went out and they got 15 scallops."

Scientists have had difficulty finding money for brown tide research. "As far as I'm concerned, things have almost ground to a halt," Dr. Carpenter said. "We're maintaining the organism in the lab and doing a limited amount of electron microscopy, but we can't tackle all the questions we need to."

So far, the Marine Sciences Research Center has received $121,000 -- primarily from Suffolk County -- to work on the brown tide, far short of what is actually needed, Dr. Siddall said. "Environmental research is extremely expensive," he said.

One immediate goal is to develop better methods of predicting when and where the bloom will occur and detecting its presence at very low levels. "If we can figure out that certain conditions are conducive to the bloom, then we can warn the scallop industry," Dr. Cosper said. "You have to think of it in terms of the weather. You can't do much about the weather, but you sure want to know if it's going to rain today."


=== Page 10 of 29

# Decline of Oyster Crop Stirs Concern

By FRANCES FRANK MARCUS
Special to The New York Times 11/28/86

EMPIRE, La. -- It has been said here that south Louisiana's wetlands are so rich you can find oysters growing in the marsh grass, stuck to an old tin can or a chunk of wood. There is talk of oysters as big as dinner plates.

But this fall the talk is not about abundance or size but scarcity. Louisiana's oyster crop, almost one-third of the oysters sold in the nation, is in deep decline, by as much as 75 percent according to some estimates. And there are fears for the future, not only for oysters but for the Louisiana marshes, which feed the oysters and the state economy.

The national crop is in decline as well. According to biologists, fishermen and dealers, production is down significantly in all the major oyster-producing states, from the Chesapeake Bay area to Florida to West Texas, although there are no national statistics showing exactly how much.

People in the oyster industry say the causes are varied: drought, disease, three hurricanes in 1985, pollution, overharvesting and, in the area west of Galveston, Tex., red tide, a mass of microscopic organisms that kill fish by releasing a toxin. But the common thread is drought, which has spurred the growth of tiny protozoan parasites and other sea creatures that kill oysters but are not harmful to humans.

**A Worrisome National Trend**

Oysters have declined in the past and then become bountiful, biologists say, but the current decline has many experts worried.

"It's a national problem," said Fred Kern, a biologist with the National Marine Fishery Service in Maryland. "I guess the impact of disease is greatest at present because we don't have massive stocks like we had at the turn of the century.

"With stocks being reduced for almost 25 years, every time you have a major reduction because of disease, the resource never really gets back to the productivity you had before you lost it."

The oyster crop in Long Island's Peconic Bay was devastated in 1985 by brown tide, a mysterious algae bloom that has destroyed much marine life around Long Island. It has not recovered. There is a commercial oyster hatchery in Oyster Bay, according to William Wise, director of the Living Marine Resources Institute at the State University at Stony Brook, but the wild oyster harvest is defunct.

In the Chesapeake Bay area since the late 1950's, the protozoan parasites to blame are the Haplosporidium nelsoni, or MSX, and the Perkinsus marinus, or Dermo, a problem along the South Atlantic and the Gulf coasts.

They attack oysters when waterways become saltier, as happened in the drought this summer. Culprits in Louisiana include the Dermo and the oyster drill, a saltwater snail. Biologists say the Dermo can wipe out an oyster bed in one season.

"Yes, the oyster situation is somewhat critical," said Roy Martin, executive director of the Shellfish Institute of North America. The Chesapeake Bay area, which once supplied 80 percent of the oysters in the nation, has been "in bad shape for a long time," he said.

"Gulf oysters were trucked up to plants in Virginia and Maryland," he said. "Now, with problems in the Gulf, that puts a strain on the whole system."

Oystermen in Louisiana, now the nation's top producer, with a 1985 crop worth almost $24 million at dockside, describe the season as "a catastrophe," the worst in at least 40 years.

"It's an emergency situation," said Michael Voisin, president of the Louisiana Oyster Dealers and Growers Association. He said the Gulf and South Atlantic Fisheries Foundation was concerned about the situation and was looking into ways to restore the industry through aquaculture, reseeding oyster beds and rebuilding depleted reefs, which oysters use as an anchor and to obtain nourishment.

The poor season has led to higher prices, a particularly unwelcome development for oyster lovers in Louisiana, which is trying to cope with the collapse of oil prices and with the highest unemployment rate in the nation, 12.9 percent at latest count.

A bushel-and-a-half sack of oysters, which sold last year for $12, now sells for $14 to $16, and Mr. Voisin said the price might rise to $24 a sack.

**A Worry for the Future**

In Maryland, fishermen have reported oyster mortalities "in many areas of 40 to 50 percent," said Randall Schneider, a state biologist. "The primary problem is MSX," he said.

The more worrisome questions here concern the future. Though the immediate cause of higher salinity is drought, which deprives the coastal estuaries of fresh water, the state's waters in general are becoming saltier because of coastal erosion.

Studies show that Louisiana, which has 41 percent of the nation's wetlands, is losing coastal land at an unusually fast rate. The loss of this land, which is being accelerated by thousands of miles of canals dug by the oil and gas industry, is allowing the salty Gulf to surge in with winds and tides.

Here in Plaquemines Parish, a prime oyster nursery, scientists say wetlands are being lost to open water at a rate of 6,500 acres a year.

**Oyster Zone Moves Inland**

Mark Chatry, a state biologist, said the increasing salinity had moved the oyster zone farther inland, "away from the best" habitat and toward pollution from development to the north.

John Tesvich, a third-generation oysterman, said his harvest was down 30 to 40 percent. Aboard his 58-foot oyster boat, The Gusto, was grim proof of the extra salt in Bay Adams, historically one of Louisiana's most productive oyster habitats. Among the oysters caught one recent morning were snails, full from an oyster feast.

Mr. Tesvich, who works out of the Empire Marina, also pointed out that activity was unusually quiet for this time of year. In past Novembers, he said, 40 to 50 oyster boats were based at the marina. But recently, he said, "there are one or two."

D. D. Sercovich, another oysterman, said the biggest problem in the oyster industry was the fishermen themselves. "There are too many fishermen and the equipment itself is so efficient, we're killing ourselves," he said.

He accused the state bureaucracy of contributing to the problem by being lax in enforcing fishery regulations, including restrictions on harvesting oysters less than three inches long.

Despite the gloom in the marshes this fall, there is room for optimism. Biologists here and elsewhere emphasize that the oyster crop is cyclical, with valleys and peaks. They also say that plentiful rainfall this winter and spring would drive out disease and predators, allowing oysters to thrive.

For the long haul, Plaquemines officials plan to adopt a $20 million plan to stabilize the marshes, partly with the use of siphons bearing fresh water from the Mississippi. But the parish needs money from the Federal Government and the state to carry out the plan. And because oil prices are low, state money is scarcer than oysters.

The New York Times/David P. Fornell
Sorting oysters after dredging them out of the Gulf of Mexico, top; the oyster boat Gusto near Empire, La., above.


=== Page 11 of 29

3 mob bosses get 100 years

Post-Star 1/14/87

NEW YORK (AP) -- Three of the Mafia's top bosses were sentenced Tuesday to 100 years each in jail by a federal judge who said he wanted to give their would-be successors something to think about.

The bosses of the Colombo, Genovese and Lucchese organized crime families were given the century-long terms for membership on a commission that had settled disputes, divided loot and occasionally ordered rubouts for the Mafia since Prohibition.

U.S. District Judge Richard Owen said he had to send a message "to those out there who are undoubtedly thinking about taking over the reins of power." And authorities cautioned that the convictions and sentences did not mean the end of the mob in America.

"The worst mistake we can make is to declare a final victory" Thomas L. Sheer, head of the FBI's New York office said following the sentencing of the bosses and five mob underlings at federal court in Manhattan.

"I can't say it's the end of the commission," U.S. Attorney Rudolph Giuliani said at a news conference in his office after the sentencings. "But it makes it much more difficult to operate that kind of an operation."

Giuliani said the commission sentencings and other mob prosecutions were sending the message to potential organized crime leaders that "this is not a profitable way to lead your life. It's really a dumb way."

Owen sentenced the defendants, who were all in the courtroom, one at a time and said his comments to the first, Genovese boss Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno, 76, of Rhinebeck, applied to all.

"You sir, in my opinion, essentially spent all your lifetime terrorizing this community to your financial gain," he told Salerno.

The other top bosses sentenced to a century were Carmine "Junior" Persico, 53, of Brooklyn, head of the Colombos, and Anthony "Tony Ducks" Corallo, 73, of Oyster Bay Cove, the boss of the Lucchese mob.

Owen characterized Salerno and Persico as "feeding on this community through murders and violence and threats of murders and violence."

Most of the defendants declined to speak in court but Persico, who took the unusual step of serving as his own attorney during the trial, told Owen: "This case was prejudiced from the very first day."

"The attitude of the prosecutors and the court itself was in keeping" with the "Mafia mania" that pervaded the case," he said.

Owen sentenced four of the five mob underlings convicted with the others last November to 100 years apiece. Bonanno crime family soldier Anthony "Bruno" Indelicato, 38, of Manhattan, was only charged with two racketeering counts and received the maximum 40 years for those crimes.

Teamsters head has surgery

Post-Star 1/14/87

CLEVELAND (AP) -- Teamsters President Jackie Presser underwent what was described as successful surgery Tuesday to remove a tumor on his lung, a spokesman for Presser said.

Presser, 60, underwent the surgery at the Cleveland Clinic to remove the isolated tumor, which was discovered in a routine checkup, said John Climaco, Presser's attorney and spokesman.

"There were no complications and complete recovery is expected," he said in a statement. Climaco could not be reached for further comment on whether the tumor was malignant.

"We have no report on that at all," said hospital spokeswoman Rosemary Haiun.

Judge Sentences Mafia's Leaders To Prison Terms

8 Draw 40 to 100 Years in 'Commission' Case

NY Times 1/14/87

By ARNOLD H. LUBASCH

Prison sentences of 40 to 100 years were imposed yesterday on eight men convicted as top leaders and key associates of the "commission" that ruled the Mafia in the United States.

In imposing the stringent sentences in a crowded courtroom of Federal District Court in Manhattan, Judge Richard Owen castigated the defendants as ruthless racketeers who operated the Mafia's "board of directors."

Judge Owen gave 100-year sentences to seven defendants convicted of numerous charges and a 40-year sentence to the other defendant, who was convicted of two charges that carried a maximum of 20 years each.

9


=== Page 12 of 29

AFTER 7 MONTHS, STILL NO TRACE
Ocala SB 1/6/85

# Holiday Gift Remains For Missing Dad

By TOM SAUL
Staff Writer

The Christmas present left for Frank Roszkowski under the tree remains unopened as his daughter, Joanne Nasworth, her two children and her mother marked the seventh month since he walked out of their lives.

"We put it there hoping he would be here to open it but he never did," said Mrs. Nasworth of her father, who simply walked away from his Ocala home May 27 and hasn't been seen or heard from since.

Roszkowski, 67, a former meter man with the City of Ocala, had been treated for depression and anxiety following his retirement a year earlier because "he just couldn't seem to find anything to do with himself," Mrs. Nasworth said.

"Before he retired he thought when he finally did it everything would be wonderful, but when he did do it everything wasn't so wonderful anymore," Mrs. Nasworth said.

The woman said her father had never really had any hobbies and that his mind just snapped," Mrs. Nasworth said.

"He must have left here in the middle of the night with nothing but the clothes on his back. Since then, we have heard nothing, nothing. It's like he went outside and a UFO picked him up and he just vanished off the face of the earth."

Mrs. Nasworth said she called Ocala police and filed a missing person report, but has received no news.

"I called my ex-father-in-law who is a CBer (citizens band radio operator) and he's gotten on a national network with a description, I made up flyers and sent them out to police departments, bus and train stations in major cities across the country and I even went down to skidrow in Orlando one weekend to look," Mrs. Nasworth said.

But her efforts have been unsuccessful and she has not been able to find one shred of information on where her father might be. It's been frustrating, she said, because there is really no where to turn for help in locating missing adults.

"It's not like with missing children. After Adam Walsh (a Florida boy whose disappearance and subsequent slaying prompted a flood of child protection laws) disappeared, all kinds of agencies were set up where you could get help," Mrs. Nasworth said.

She still holds out hope that her father is alive, Mrs. Nasworth said, "because if he were dead he probably would have turned up somewhere and I would have heard about it.

"If he were dead, at least we could mourn him, but it's the fact that we don't know that's really tearing us up," Mrs. Nasworth said.

She is hoping that one of her flyers will catch the eye of someone who has seen her father and will call her with information on where he can be found. "He was always saying he wanted to go back to Pennsylvania (where he was originally from)."

Mrs. Nasworth described Roszkowski as having medium height and weight with grey crewcut and green eyes. He was last seen wearing brown slacks and a white sports shirt.

![Frank Roszkowski]
Frank Roszkowski

when the novelty of not going into work every day had worn off he found he had nothing to do.

"He was the type that had always worked but never really developed any hobbies. I'm sure that he was just sitting up that night thinking about it and


=== Page 13 of 29

# Fort Ann man greets intruders with gun blast

By Sarah Hamilton
Staff Writer

1/6/81 Post Star

FORT ANN - After being burglarized two years ago, Arthur Stiles said Monday, he decided he would be prepared next time. The 69-year-old apparently received his chance early Monday morning - when he confronted two alleged intruders in his home with a shotgun blast.

Robert Gorton, 21, of Glens Falls was listed in stable condition at Glens Falls Hospital Monday night after the incident. Stiles found Gorton in his kitchen and shot him in the shoulder with a small-gauge shotgun, Washington County District Attorney Gordon Hemmett said. "As I understand it, the man in the hospital has not been charged," Hemmett said.

The state police did charge Louis Anthony Beames Jr., 20, of Glens Falls, on a count of second-degree burglary in connection with the incident, according to a Washington County Sheriff's Department dispatcher. Beames was being held in the Washington County Jail on a $20,000 cash bond, Hemmett said Monday.

"I would have killed them if they hadn't left," Stiles said of the shooting in an interview Monday. "I had a gun that could kill them," he said. The gun Stiles used was full of bird shot, he said.

Stiles said he fired once. "I didn't shoot anymore but I was all ready to if they didn't leave," he said. Stiles lives alone on a farm in Fort Ann.

"I wasn't scared; I've been expecting it," Stiles said. In 1984 "two men caught me asleep, beat me up, robbed me and almost killed me," he said. "I've been ready for it (a burglary) ever since. I wasn't scared the other time but I thought my time had come."

Stiles said he woke up and answered the phone when it rang about 4 a.m. Monday. The person on the other end of the line asked if John was there, he said. After he told them no, Stiles said the person hung up. "Quite awhile afterwards the phone rang again," he continued. This time he said he let it ring many times without answering it.

Then, at about 5:40 a.m., Stiles said he heard someone smash a kitchen window. He said he left his bedroom and went downstairs, grabbing a shotgun.

"I saw a man standing in the kitchen," Stiles said. "I pulled the shotgun up and shot. It was pitch dark. A lot of fire came out of the barrel."

Stiles said all he could see was the silhouette of a man and that he aimed at that shape.

"The shot spread out both sides of them and made dents in the refrigerator but they weren't too bad," Stiles said.

"A man let out a yell and fell down flat on the floor," Stiles said. Although he said he did not know whether the man who yelled was helped from the floor or if he got up on his own, Stiles said the pair left through the smashed window.

"They left real fast. I guess the man wasn't wounded awful bad. It was bird shot," Stiles said.

Stiles said that after the two men left, he called the state police. The police found the two men at the hospital, Stiles said.

"One man turned himself into the hospital," Hemmett said. "I understand he was shot in the shoulder." Hemmett said Beames spoke with the state police and was charged. Hemmett said he did not know if Beames surrendered to the police or if they approached him first.

Stiles has not been charged with any crime. "They (the state police) didn't talk as if I could" be charged, Stiles said. "They told me I did just as I should have done."

Hemmett said it is the job of the grand jury to review the case and determine if Stiles should be charged. "The law does not encourage people to shoot at other people. But there are circumstances that permit it," he said.

State police said they were continuing their investigation into the case.


=== Page 14 of 29

Burglars

was just a case of Beames falling in with bad company," Hemmett out-explained. "That's not going to fly this time."

The attack on Stiles' home last week was not completely without warning. Naturally more wary because of the earlier break-in and assault, Stiles said two phone calls during the night had alerted him that something could possibly happen. He was neither scared nor totally surprised when it did occur.

Stiles said a phone call from someone who asked for "John" first woke him at 4 a.m. Monday. When it rang again later on, he did not answer and it rang "for a long time."

At approximately 5:40 a.m. he heard glass shattering in the kitchen and went to the front hallway with his .410 shotgun, the smallest gauge made, loaded with bird-shot. When he saw one of the men standing in front of the kitchen door, he fired the gun across the dining room into the kitchen, wounding the invader.

"He let out a terrible yell and laid out flat on the floor," Stiles recalled. "I heard another man yell 'sorry, man, I'll pull him out.'" Both fled the scene, leaving the kitchen covered with broken glass and apparently leaving an open jack-knife on Stiles' front porch. The birdshot left several dents in his refrigerator.

State Police from the South Glens Falls station, investigating the crime, interviewed Gorton after he appeared at Glens Falls hospital for treatment of gunshot wounds. Beames was also interviewed and both men were charged.

Hemmett, who took over the investigation from the police, said Beames was arraigned Monday evening and to the best of his knowledge, Gorton was arraigned also, later in the week.

Stiles said his shotgun was taken away as evidence and is scheduled to give his account of the incident to the Grand Jury in February. But until then, he said he'll protect his home if necessary.

"If they come back I'll be ready for them," he said. "Next time it will be a higher-powered gun because they took away my little one." He added that the neighborhood is much more cautious now than in the past.

"People around here never Continued on page 5

Burglars

used to lock their doors, but they do now."

Hemmett said that whether or not Mr. Stiles acted prudently in the incident could not be determined based on other, similar cases. "You have to take each case based on its own facts."

Hemmett also criticized certain television and newspaper reports which he said distorted the focus of his investigation, leading people to think he was prosecuting Mr. Stiles.

"People don't understand -- I'm not looking to prosecute Mr. Stiles," Hemmett said. "But it's my job to present all the facts to the Grand Jury."

1/12/87 Free Press

'If they come back I'll be ready!'

Fort Ann man defends home and property; DA says he is not likely to be charged

By James F. Brophy

Fort Ann resident Arthur Stiles, after foiling an attempted burglary on his home last Monday by wounding one of the intruders with his shotgun, is not likely to be charged with any crime when the case is brought before the Grand Jury in February.

Washington County District Attorney Gordon M. Hemmett, Jr. said that although it is certainly within the power of the Grand Jury to bring charges against Mr. Stiles, it is not likely to happen in his opinion.

"Mr. Stiles will only be at the hearing to tell the facts of the shooting," Hemmett said in an interview Thursday. "The main thing the Grand Jury will be concerned with is the charges (against the suspects)."

The burglary was the second time in 2-1/2 years that Stiles' South Bay Rd. home has suffered a break-in. One of the suspects in Monday's attempt, 20-year-old Louis A. Beames of Glens Falls, was involved in a robbery of the home in 1984 along with felon Kenneth Leary. Stiles was badly beaten by one or both of the men on that occasion, Hemmett said.

This time Beames has been charged with burglary, second degree along with the other suspect, Robert Gorton, 21, also of Glens Falls. Because Beames had become a state's witness in the previous case against Leary, he received only a year in prison after pleading a felony, Hemmett said. Leary received a "long sentence," according to the DA, the maximum sentence for robbery.

"At that time we thought it Continued on page 2


=== Page 15 of 29

NY Times
Emergency Food Aid Grants Backed for Drought Victims
UFO Sun Attack 1/28/87

ROME, Jan. 27 (Reuters) - The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization said today that it had approved more than $6.7 million worth of emergency food aid grants for drought victims in Guatemala and refugees in Pakistan, Honduras and Zaire.

A grant of just under $2.9 million has been approved to provide corn, rice, dried milk and other foods to Guatemala in support of the Government's relief efforts for 100,000 victims.

# More rain keeping Midwesterners away from their flooded homes

Associated Press
Sun/Post Ripple 10/3/86

Another onslaught of winds and rain kept more than 13,000 people away from their homes in the Midwest on Thursday and ripped off roofs in Oklahoma City, while Illinois called out the National Guard to help patrol flooded areas.

Floodwaters up to 6 feet deep flowed through some Illinois neighborhoods, the legacy of weather systems that stalled about 10 days ago.

Ten deaths in the Midwest have been blamed on weather-related incidents, from heart attacks to traffic accidents, since Sept. 20.

Meanwhile, forecasters fretted over Paine, a Pacific hurricane that moved ashore in Mexico with a fresh load of moisture. While the storm's progress was uncertain, meteorologists said it could combine with the stubborn Midwestern front to produce a whammy.

In Michigan, rain had fallen for 23 straight days by Thursday and was expected to continue through Saturday. Gov. James Blanchard announced the release of $1 million to aid flood-stricken farmers.

In Illinois, where damage was estimated at more than $30 million, nearly 16 inches of rain had fallen since Sept. 1 in the northeast, most of that since Sept. 22.

"What we need is four or five sunny days to get out of the woods," Gregg Durham, a spokesman for the Illinois Emergency Services and Disaster Agency, said Thursday.

Winds surrounding a tornado damaged at least 88 homes in The Village, an Oklahoma City suburb, but there were no reports of injuries, authorities said. Rains continued for the fourth day, with 2½ inches dumped on Oklahoma City in half an hour as the tornado moved through.

see "double whammy" p. 2

# Winter storms wreak havoc across nation

UFO Sun Attack 1/20/87
The Associated Press
Post-Star

A snowstorm blamed for at least 12 deaths plowed across the Midwest on Monday with more snow and ice, shutting down several Indiana counties and stranding hundreds of travelers and closing schools across the Plains states.

Winter storm warnings were up for parts of Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York state and southern New England.

Heavy rain along the storm's southern edge caused flooding that forced evacuations of nearly 300 people and washed out tracks that derailed 35 cars of a freight train in Alabama.

In the storm's wake, Oklahoma dug out from one of its worst snowstorms in decades, and New Mexico's National Guard continued hauling supplies to rural residents snowbound by up to 50 inches of snow and 7-foot drifts.

Slippery and blowing and drifting snow in Indiana led officials in six counties to close roads to all but emergency vehicles Monday. Chalmers had 10 inches of snow by midday.

Many north-central Indiana counties declared snow emergencies, and parts of Interstate 65 north of Lafayette were closed in the afternoon by blowing, drifting snow.

Up to 11½ inches of snow fell in southern Michigan, accumulating at 2 inches per hour in places, and minor traffic accidents were reported as wind-blown snow reduced visibility to near zero. State police briefly closed Interstate 96 near Howell.

Travelers had to wait out the storm at truck stops, churches and restaurants in Oklahoma and northwestern Texas.

"But these Yankees aren't too pleased with Oklahoma's snow removal," said Linda Kelly, owner of a restaurant and motel at El Reno. "I keep telling them this is the worst we've had since the 1970s and it doesn't justify the expense of buying those snowplows when we don't get snow like this."

The Highway Patrol said Interstate 40 west of Oklahoma City remained very hazardous Monday, and Ms. Kelly said only one lane was open in each direction.

Sumner County, Kan., along the Oklahoma border, got 14 inches of snow, its average for an entire winter.

About 200 schools and colleges were closed in Oklahoma. Some schools also were closed in parts of Texas, Missouri and Indiana. Indiana State University at Terre Haute shut down. In New Mexico, where four counties were declared disaster areas after up to 50 inches of snow.

A session of Missouri's state Senate was canceled, and in Oklahoma a parade and Capitol ceremony in honor of the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. were postponed.

Cars and trucks were forced to stop along Interstate 70 in Missouri during the night because of reduced visibility in blowing snow, the National Weather Service said. Columbia got 10 inches of snow.

13


=== Page 16 of 29

Sun-Times 10/15/86

# Flooding leaves towns cut off

ANCHORAGE, Alaska (UPI) -- A freak North Pacific typhoon that produced disastrous flooding left several towns cut off yesterday, as the National Guard stepped up its relief to hundreds of people forced to leave their homes.

Military helicopters flew food to stranded people and eight planeloads of food were flown in for stranded sled dogs.

Lt. Mike Haller said 135 men and nine helicopters ferried thousands of pounds of food and supplies to people trapped by floodwaters that sliced through roads and railroads.

# Floods, winds and tornadoes wreak damage across Midwest

* Bay area to stay warm -- 1B

Sun Attack 9/30/86
Associated Press

Storms in the Midwest caused millions of dollars of flood damage in Illinois and prompted evacuations in Oklahoma, while in the West, a small Montana town protected by 50-year-old dikes was surrounded by rising water.

Storms wreaked wind and tornado damage from Kansas to Michigan, where lightning ignited a house fire Monday that killed one person.

Lt. Gov. George Ryan, who toured the streets of Gurnee, Ill., in a boat, pronounced the scene "probably the worst flooding I've seen in Illinois."

"The entire village of Gurnee is gone," said Lake County sheriff's Sgt. Steve Townsend. "The police are patrolling in boats. The situation is very, very bad."

Main Street in Gurnee, just west of Waukegan and north of Chicago, was under 2 feet of water Monday, and officials at the Gurnee Elementary School reported 5 feet of water in some classrooms.

Illinois Gov. James R. Thompson declared Lake County a state disaster area.

The state Emergency Services and Disaster Agency estimated damage in Lake County at more than $10 million, following about 10 inches of rain in a week. But Frank Winans, coordinator of emergency services for the county sheriff, said county officials estimated the damage at as high as $20 million.

Much of the Lake County flooding came from the Des Plaines River.

Police in Kingfisher, in north central Oklahoma, evacuated approximately 300 homes as creeks rose toward flood stage Monday after more than 7 inches of rain fell in the afternoon. The National Weather Service predicted overflows of 2 to 3 feet.

Saco, Mont., was surrounded by water from a swollen tributary of the Milk River, which itself has flooded other areas of northern Montana. Mayor Gregg Menge said he would call for additional volunteers to reinforce the town's aging levees and sandbag dikes.

Michigan's Lower Peninsula braced Monday for up to 2 more inches of rain that threatened to renew the flooding which caused millions in damage earlier in the month.

# Flooding keeps 2,650 families away from their homes in Illinois

Sun-Times 10/1/86
Tribune Wires

Floods kept approximately 2,650 families away from their homes Tuesday in Illinois after a spate of heavy storms that caused millions of dollars in damage from the Plains to the Great Lakes and burst a dam in Wisconsin.

A tornado struck northwestern Pennsylvania community of Cambridge Springs on Tuesday, destroying a mobile home and injuring one person.

The East sweltered in summer-like heat as temperatures on the last day of September soared into the 80s and 90s from Maine to Virginia, breaking records right and left.

In Montana, the waters of the Milk River continued to recede, although the river remained out of its banks for the fifth day along a stretch of nearly 100 miles, and water from a creek engorged to a mile wide surrounded the small town of Saco.

Water from the burst dam on Lawrence Lake in Marquette County, Wis., was flowing into low-lying areas where up to 1,500 people live, but there were no immediate reports of injuries or damage, said Dave Cihlar of the sheriff's department. Residents of low-lying areas were being evacuated Tuesday evening.

High water, wind, tornadoes and lightning also contributed to damage in areas from Kansas to Michigan, and forecasters said more rain was on the way.

"We've got a lot of flood water. We've got a little looting, and we've got some traffic problems But otherwise, we're doing pretty good," said Howard Watson, director of the Kingfisher City-County Civil Defense in Oklahoma, which oversaw the evacuation of 300 residents.

The flooding in Illinois left about 2,650 families homeless, said Gregg Durham, a spokesman for the state Emergency Services and Disaster Agency.

The Mississippi River was above flood stage along the Wisconsin border.

A series of storms that started Sept. 10 have deluged Michigan almost daily for three weeks, causing more than $323 million damage in 22 central Lower Peninsula counties, and the rain continued Tuesday.

# Huron and Michigan Rise To Peak for the Century

NY Times 10/31/86

GRAND RAPIDS, Mich., Oct. 30 (AP) -- Lakes Michigan and Huron continued their unseasonal climb this month, reaching their highest level on record and increasing fears that autumn winds could cause grave damage.

The two lakes, considered a single body of water by hydrologists, were up to a foot higher this month than the previous October, when a record for the month was set, according to the Army Corps of Engineers.

Michigan-Huron is running a mean level of 581.64 feet for October and is past the previous high for this century, 581.34 feet, set in August, Dave Schweiger of the Corps of Engineers said.

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=== Page 17 of 29

Midwest rain washes away farmers' hope

Flooding has turned fields into pools, rotted crops and idled farmers at one of their busiest times of the year.

Tribune Wires

Some Midwestern farmers are back in the fields, but the storms that swept across the nation's heartland have left many facing only a bitter harvest - ruined crops and losses in the hundreds of millions of dollars.

From the wheat fields of Kansas to the dairy pastures of Wisconsin, heavy rain and floods in recent weeks that forced evacuations in many communities also submerged hundreds of thousands of acres of corn, wheat and soybeans.

Officials across the Midwest and Great Plains say it's too early to assess total losses in the region. But in Michigan alone, storm and flood-related agricultural damage has been estimated at $240 million after more than three weeks of rain, affecting at least 1.5 million of the state's 18 million acres of farmland.

President Reagan declared parts of northern Illinois federal disaster areas Tuesday. The governors of Michigan, Kansas and Missouri are also seeking federal aid for their water-ravaged states.

Meanwhile, thousands of Midwestern flood victims remained homeless Tuesday as rivers drained toward the swollen Mississippi River, which forced 1,200 people to evacuated in East St. Louis, Ill.

For thousands of others, the cleanup was under way.

"There are about a jillion dead worms in my basement," Diane Holst, 52, of Gurnee, Ill., said as she scrubbed down her house.

The floods forced up to 55,000 people from their homes at one time or another: 30,000 in Oklahoma, 16,000 in Illinois, 7,000 in Missouri and 1,500 to 2,000 in Kansas.

Five feet of water swamped the streets of East St. Louis, Ill., where a broken floodgate allowed the rising Mississippi to flow into the city. American Red Cross officials said up to 1,200 people were forced from their homes.

Storms

* From Page 1A 10/8/86

Damage there was estimated at $18 million.

The Mississippi River was expected to crest today at St. Louis at 40 or 41 feet, about 10 feet above flood stage.

Cities elsewhere along the Missouri and Mississippi worked to pile sandbags and reinforce levees.

Dry weather across much of the Midwest and Plains states early this week allowed some farmers to resume harvesting, and agricultural experts say several days without rain should help salvage many crops. There also is no danger of shortages because of bountiful harvests.

But the rain was been devastating in some areas, turning fields into giant pools of water, rotting crops and idling farmers at one of their busiest times of the year.

Missouri officials say farmers in 54 counties, nearly half the state, suffered substantial crop damage. "I'm sure some farmers are going to be 100 percent out," said Mike Kraemer, Missouri Department of Agriculture spokesman.

In southeast Kansas, 340,000 acres of farmland flooded, causing $50 million to $60 million damage, said Gary Kilgore, extension service crops specialist in the region.

And in Oklahoma, where floods forced thousands from their homes, agricultural experts say 48 counties sustained "unusual damage."

"The largest, most prevalent damage is soil loss," said Bart Brorsen, executive director of the state's Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service office. "That's irreparable and irreplaceable."

Warm, moist conditions also have caused crops to deteriorate in the field - corn germinating on the cob and soybeans spouting in the pods. And because of harvesting delays, stalks weakened by age and insects fall easily and grain is lost.

For some struggling farmers, already beset by low crop prices and debts, this could be the final blow.

"Some haven't had a good crop in the last few years," said Ed LeValley, extension agricultural agent in Sumner County, Kan.

This, he said, "is just another nail in the coffin."

Floods Keep Thousands From Returning Home

By The Associated Press

More than 3,500 people in four states were kept from their homes today by flooding that washed away part of a dam in Wisconsin and surrounded a tiny town in Montana.

Tornadoes touched down in Ohio and Pennsylvania on Tuesday, destroying a mobile home and injuring one person.

Flooding continued in northeastern Illinois and across Oklahoma.

The earthen portion of the dam on Lawrence Lake near Westfield, Wis., was washed away by rushing water Tuesday, along with part of a highway built on it.

Two hundred people were evacuated from the town out of fear the cement retaining wall supporting the rest of the dam would not hold.

"There's a horizontal crack in it and there's water coming every which way through the dam," said Phil Malsack, Marquette County chief deputy sheriff.

"It's a question of when," he said. "It could hold for days; it could hold for minutes."

Illinois Gov. James R. Thompson declared parts of two more counties near Chicago disaster areas because of flooding that contributed to at least two deaths and left 2,650 families homeless.

Damage was likely to top $20 million and could reach $30 million, said Gregg Durham, a spokesman for Illinois Emergency and Disaster Services.

At a shelter in Mount Prospect, Ill., volunteer Kittye Hermes said at least 20 people would be spending the night, including 10 who stayed in an interim shelter at a motel in Des Plaines until the motel, too, was flooded out.

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=== Page 18 of 29

# Storms Hammer U.S. Heartland

By The Associated Press Sun Attack 9/30/86

Severe thunderstorms pummeled the nation's midsection, causing millions of dollars in damage and spawning floods that forced the evacuation of hundreds of people and left one man feared drowned.

"The entire village of Gurnee is gone," said Lake County sheriff's Sgt. Steve Townsend said of the Illinois community. "The police are patrolling in boats. The situation is very, very bad."

Up to 8 inches of rain fell on Oklahoma on Monday as thunderstorms and at least one tornado caused extensive damages, officials said. Hundreds of residents north of Oklahoma City were evacuated because of flooding.

"We've got a lot of flood water. We've got a little looting, and we've got some traffic problems. But otherwise, we're doing pretty good," said Howard Watson, director of the Kingfisher City-County Civil Defense, which oversaw the evacuation of 300 residents.

Thunderstorms dumped rain on Michigan's waterlogged Lower Peninsula on Monday, as a tornado in Genesee County destroyed three homes and damaged five others, knocked down power lines, and blew trees on cars and houses, authorities said.

Residents of flood-drenched northeastern Illinois hoped for sun today after Monday's storms ripped roofs from buildings west of Chicago, resulted in flight delays and cancellations at O'Hare International Airport, and continued flooding that has caused an estimated $30 million in damage.

A tiny Montana town was surrounded by water ear- See Heavy Storms on page 10A

# 20,000 May Face Evacuation

By The Associated Press Sun/Pri Ripple 10/5/86

Surging floodwaters that have driven up to 30,000 people from their homes across the Midwest isolated towns Saturday in Oklahoma, where rivers swelled toward record highs and threatened to force an additional 20,000 evacuations.

Water was receding in hard-hit northeastern Illinois, where damage was estimated at up to $40 million, and in parts of Kansas.

But runoff from more than a week of heavy rain pushed the Mississippi River out of its banks along parts of Missouri and Illinois, and Lake Michigan was record 3.5 feet above normal.

Flooding has caused damage estimated at millions of dollars in Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas and Oklahoma. At least eight deaths were linked to the flooding and three people were missing.

The flooding has cut off towns in Oklahoma and Kansas and prompted a disaster declaration by the governor of Missouri, where Amtrak suspended passenger rail service because of a washed-out bridge.

See Flooding on page 8A

# Chicago Suburbs Flood As Rain Swells Rivers

The Associated Press Sun/Pri Ripple 10/4/86

Chicago suburbanites stacked sandbags around their homes Friday, and floodwaters isolated towns in Oklahoma and Kansas as yet more rain prolonged the weeks-long deluge of the Midwest, keeping more than 15,000 people from their homes.

Torrential overnight rains sent streams over their banks from Oklahoma and eastern Kansas to northern Illinois and Michigan, closing roads and highways and forcing further evacuations, authorities said.

Western Pennsylvania was under a flash-flood warning after streams began overflowing, flooding residential streets in Curwensville.

In northeastern Illinois, where floods already have forced 3,200 families -- or about 13,000 people -- to evacuate, 1 to 3 inches of rain fell overnight, said National Weather Service flood specialist Tom Dietrich.

"It's looking more and more like we've seen the worst of this," he said, but flash-flood watches were in effect for the Chicago area, Rockford, Moline, Galesburg, Peoria and Bloomington.

On Thursday, Gov. James R. Thompson called out 226 Illinois National Guard members for patrol and supply delivery in the suburbs north and west of the city where more than 16 inches of rain has fallen since Sept. 1.

The state estimates damage from the floods at between $30 million and $40 million and Thompson has declared Lake and McHenry counties and portions of Cook County a state disaster area.

"The demand for (sand)bags is incredible, but the people who really need them are getting them," said Gregg Durham, spokesman for the state Emergency Services and Disaster Agency.

"We're imploring people to use just what they need and not stockpile bags," Durham said. "We have 750,000 in the pipeline and are making arrangements for more."

The deluge is blamed on an unusual weather pattern that stalled a pair of saturated tropical storms over the nation's midsection. Since Sept. 20, at least 10 deaths in five states have been blamed on the weather.

Durham said more evacuations were likely Friday. See Rain on page 8A

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=== Page 19 of 29

# in the mood for some fall weather? Move up North

The calendar may say it's autumn, but it will take some time for it to reach the Tampa Bay area.

By ALAN SVERDLIK
Tribune Staff Writer

Despite the official leap into autumn, it still seems like summer.

At daybreak, the air hangs heavy and the sea breeze subsides. At noon, the sun burns with the fervor of July. At twilight, when joggers normally choke Bayshore Boulevard, nary a soul braves the heat.

When will summer relinquish its grip on Tampa Bay?

"When we get the transition from summer to fall, it will be obvious to everyone," assures Fred Crosby, the dean of the National Weather Service's Ruskin office. "At sundown, instead of being 84, it will be 70."

And when will that happen?

"It's not on the horizon yet," says meteorologist Crosby.

The average high for September is 88.9 degrees, but this month saw temperatures climbing regularly into the 90s. Weather forecasters blame this on a high-pressure system blanketing the eastern United States, including Florida. High pressure, which sent the Southeast into its worst drought in history last July, thwarts cloud formation and keeps winds light and variable.

It also fends off the cold fronts responsible for bringing fall to the Tampa Bay area.

That Canadian air usually gets to Florida's West Coast as it moves eastward from the Great Plains.

For the moment, high pressure is stalling the de facto arrival of autumn.

"It looks like it's going to stay with us, at least through the week," says Crosby.

Rain chances remain slim for most of the week, although a few showers could develop. Forecasters expect highs in the low 90s and mostly sunny skies.

Although an overheated public regards the coming of autumn as an event, Florida forecasters see the season as a footnote amidst the great chapters of summer and winter.

"We usually go from summer to winter without much in the way of fall," says Crosby.

# Rain Swells Rivers In Midwest

Continued from page 1A with "some real serious problems" in the suburbs of North Riverside, River Forest and Schiller Park.

The rain has raised the level of Lake Michigan to an all-time high, more than 3.5 feet above normal and higher than at any point since water levels were first recorded in 1861, said Frank Quinn, chief hydrologist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

In western Illinois, the National Weather Service said the Mississippi River topped its previous fall flood record and would likely continue to rise.

Flood walls were built in St. Louis against weekend flooding on the Mississippi, and city street director James Suelmann said the walls would remain up until late next week.

Michigan, battered by rainfall and floods for 24 consecutive days, braced for an inch of rain Friday and today. Damage has been estimated at more than $300 million and federal disaster declarations have been issued for two dozen counties.

A new round of thunderstorms deluged Oklahoma on Friday, dumping up to 9 inches in some places.

In Ponca City, where 5 inches of rain fell in 6 hours Friday morning, more than 20 families were evacuated, said police dispatcher Julie Johnson.

Evacuations were also forced in Guthrie, after the town was split by the Cottonwood Creek, expected to crest 4 feet abover its 23.5-foot flood stage, police said.

"West Guthrie is cut off from East Guthrie -- it's totally isolated," said Jim Dixon, civil defense director. "We just closed the last street connecting the two."

Overnight downpours swamped both Hulah and Copan lakes, forcing engineers to open flood gates to release the water Friday, said Col. Frank Patete, district engineer of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Tulsa.

That forced residents of Bartlesville, downstream, to brace for flooding potentially worse than the record flood of 1974, which swamped 400 houses.

Kansas Gov. John Carlin declared a state of emergency for 13 southeastern counties.

The rising Marmaton River, which rose 18 inches in 45 minutes Friday, neared its 1915 record crest and isolated the community of Fort Scott, near the Missouri line. Some townspeople evacuated, authorities said.


=== Page 20 of 29

Rains Soak Fields in South, But Drought Effects Persist

UFO & Sun Attack

By WILLIAM E. SCHMIDT
Special to The New York Times 12/25/86

ATLANTA, Dec. 24 -- Heavy rains in the late fall have helped ease the effects of the South's worst drought in a century. But from Alabama to South Carolina, moisture levels in farm fields and pastures remain well below normal, with the start of spring planting only three months off.

That means farmers in the region are now hoping for a rainier than usual winter to restore the deep soil moisture that agricultural experts say is needed to nourish next season's corn, wheat and other crops and to restore pastures burned out by last summer's hot, dry weather.

All across the South, heavy rains throughout October and November, and again this week, helped soak fields, although the moisture came too late to save most crops, already damaged beyond salvation by drought.

Large Deficits of Rainfall

Despite the rain, total rainfall since Jan. 1 in Alabama is still 10 to 15 inches below normal and in Georgia 9 to 17 inches, according to Doug Ihle, a forecaster with the Southeast Agricultural Weather Service Center in Auburn, Ala.

While Mr. Ihle conceded that the situation was markedly better now than last summer, he said, "We are still heading toward spring planting with large deficits." In an ordinary year, about 50 inches of rain will fall in the Southeast.

In South Carolina, rainfall deficits to date range from 6 inches in Beaufort, along the coast, to more than 17 inches in Wallahalla, in the northwest corner. "The top layers of the soil are wet, but we need normal or above normal rainfall for the next four months," said John C. Purvis, the state climatologist. "If we receive it, the deep-seated drought will not affect spring agricultural plantings."

Henry W. Smith, a spokesman for the South Carolina Agriculture Department, expressed optimism that the cycle of drought, which some believe began in the fall of 1985, has been broken. "The rain we got this fall went a long way to replenish what we lost last summer, so I'm going to be optimistic," he said. "It's just too bad the rain didn't come earlier, when the crops were still in the field. Those would have been multimillion-dollar rains."

Muddy Harvesting of Soybeans

The heavy rains came at exactly the wrong time for many soybean farmers, who after suffering through a summer of drought had difficulty harvesting their crops because fields were too muddy.

Estimates of crop losses from the drought have ranged from $1 billion to $2 billion. According to Bob Milton, an analyst with the Federal Agriculture Department, the drought reduced soybean production in the Southeast by 15 percent; corn, 33 percent; peanuts, 33 percent; hay, 40 percent, and tobacco, 10 percent.

The Southeast produces less than 3 percent of the nation's corn and 5 percent of its soybeans but accounts for 80 percent of the nation's peanuts and 84 percent of the tobacco, he said. Because the drought cut yields, the average price paid to the farmer for a pound of peanuts is about a nickel higher, or about 35 cents, than it was a year ago, but that increase is expected to have little effect on the market price, according to Emery Murphy of the Georgia Peanut Commission, the state marketing board.

On the other hand, because of factors unrelated to the drought, tobacco prices are slightly lower than last year, said Mr. Milton of the Federal Agriculture Department.

Farming experts said the drought also cut into the production of broiler chickens and eggs, as a result of searing mid-summer heat that killed thousands of birds. But no precise figures for losses are available, Mr. Milton said.

A Benefit: Marijuana Dries Up

Law-enforcement officials in South Carolina said this week that the drought had at least one benefit there: they said it dried up at least half the marijuana growing in the state. Officials said they seized only 4,951 marijuana plants in the first six months of 1986, as against nearly 21,000 over the same period the year before.

Like farmers, the managers of water systems and others who monitor surface and underground water levels to meet municipal and industrial demands in the region are still keeping a wary eye on water supplies.

At Lake Lanier, the 61-square-mile reservoir north of Atlanta that supplies most of the area's water needs, the lake level is within three feet of its all-time low, according to the Army Corps of Engineers, which controls releases of water from the lake through Buford Dam. Although fall rains brought the lake level up in November, it dropped again this month and is now 14 feet below what it should be at this time of year.

Releases of water from Lake Lanier and some other reservoirs connected to rivers in Alabama, Georgia and northern Florida are to be held to a minimum through the spring.

New Wells and Reservoirs

If there is sustained rain through the winter, officials believe there is a 70 to 80 percent chance that levels in Lake Lanier will return to normal by next spring.

"Lake Lanier is responding slowly to recent rainfall, because the ground around the lake is so dry it's acting like a sponge and the rain is not running off into the lake," said Gene Brown, a spokesman for the Corps of Engineers here.

In some parts of northern Georgia, where a few scattered communities are still reporting rainfall deficits of more than 20 inches since Jan. 1, state and local officials have been working since summer to augment water supplies by either drilling new wells or building more reservoir space.

In the north Georgia community of Clayton, where the city water system went dry in the fall, forcing officials to close down schools and public buildings, the state has provided funds to build a new reservoir.

David Word, a water management specialist with the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, said underground water supplies throughout much of the state appear to be stabilizing.

The Big Question: Is It Over?

"The positive effect of the drought is that it has brought into focus the critical water problems, and caused many local communities to expand their reservoirs," said Mr. Word.

For some water experts, the key issue is whether the drought of 1986 will be a single event or part of a longer drought cycle.

"The big question is whether these recent rains are just an anomaly, and we could yet go into another drought pattern this spring," said Mr. Brown of the Corps of Engineers. "Historically, these droughts often run in two-to-three-year patterns."

UFO Sun Attack

Cold was fierce across Europe
Post Star 1/13/87

LONDON (AP) -- Fierce cold sweeping across Europe from the Soviet Union has caused the deaths of at least 17 people in three days and brought record low temperatures to much of Europe.

Traffic accidents took most of the lives, but several deaths by freezing were reported. One victim in France was a fisherman who fell into the frigid Atlantic west of Bordeaux.

A 14-year-old Danish boy was crushed to death on a makeshift ski-lift in Jutland.

In Hungary, two engineers were killed when their trains collided head-on in Budapest. The crash was blamed on harsh winter weather.

Avalanches swept away houses in Soviet Georgia, killing 29 people, Tass reported. It said the heaviest snowfalls in 50 years cut off many villages and some children were being taken to school in aircraft.

Temperature reached -31 degrees in the northern city of Leningrad, the lowest since officials began keeping records in 1743, the official news agency said.

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=== Page 21 of 29

100 DIE IN EUROPE, HIT BY ICY BLASTS

Cold Weather Stops Planes, Ships, Trains and Cars -- Snow Falls in Nice

By STEVE LOHR
Special to The New York Times

LONDON, Jan. 13 -- Europe is experiencing one of its worst cold spells on record, with icy blasts sweeping across the region in recent days causing more than 100 deaths, avalanches, transport chaos, food hoarding and power-failure warnings.

In Britain, at least 12 deaths from exposure to the cold have been reported in the last three days. The Age Concern, a charity for the elderly, warned today that as many as 100 people a day could die of exposure or sickness.

Most of the deaths -- 77 -- have been reported in the Soviet Union, where temperatures have been more than 30 degrees below zero in major cities.

The Soviet press agency Tass reported Monday that avalanches had destroyed houses in Soviet Georgia, killing 29 people. Also killed by avalanches were 13 people in two villages in the Tunceli province of Turkey.

In Paris, where the temperature dropped to 11 degrees overnight, two Metro stations were kept open to shelter some of the city's estimated 10,000 to 15,000 homeless people. Normally, the Metro stations close at 1:30 A.M. The cold wave even extended to the usually balmy French Riviera, where a dusting of snow fell on palm trees.

In Bavaria, temperatures dipped to 20 degrees below zero, with intercity trains from Munich delayed by up to four hours. Shipping at north German Baltic sea ports was interrupted by floating icebergs.

In Italy, high winds and inclement weather closed airports at Naples, Venice, Bologna and on Sardinia. Trains linking Switzerland with Yugoslavia and Austria were delayed.

Meteorologists are predicting that the severe cold spell, begun four days ago, will probably last through the weekend. They attribute the cold to a large area of high pressure holding steady over Scandinavia that is channeling a steady stream of freezing air westward.

Monday night, about 600 passengers were trapped in unheated trains for up to 10 hours in southern England, where temperatures were 10 degrees Fahrenheit, the lowest for 25 years. In parts of Scotland, the temperature dipped below zero. Drifts of 20 feet were reported on the Isle of Sheppey, at the mouth of the Thames.

On Monday even Big Ben succumbed to the cold, when its hammers and bells produced only a stifled version of its distinctive chiming, after one of its rubber fittings froze.

# Storm blamed for 17 deaths

The Associated Press

Snow drifting up to 3 feet deep closed churches and airports and stalled travel Sunday in Oklahoma as a storm blamed for 17 deaths rolled across the Plains, and National Guardsmen hauled supplies to people snowbound in New Mexico.

As the storm moved northeast, freezing rain closed highways in Pennsylvania and New York.

Illinois got up to 6 inches of snow, with an airliner sliding off a runway during the night at Chicago.

Parts of western Texas also had snow and ice, and dozens of stranded travelers spent the night in churches.

Behind the storm, cold air clung to the Southwest, with record lows in Arizona of 29 at Yuma, a desert city near the Mexican border, and 20 at Tucson. It was the first time in nine years that Yuma had freezing temperatures and Tucson's second consecutive day of record cold.

The Oklahoma Highway Patrol warned people to stay home if possible, but streets in Oklahoma City, which had 9 inches of snow and drifts of 1 to 2 feet by midday, were dotted by abandoned cars.

"Even some of our squad cars are getting stuck and we're having to call wreckers to pull them out," said police dispatcher Jan Hall.

A majority of churches in the Oklahoma City area canceled Sunday services.

The Oklahoma Highway Patrol reported some secondary roads closed by drifts "up to 3 feet deep and 50 feet wide." Oklahoma City's Will Rogers Airport was closed, said air traffic controller Roy Womack.

In the Texas Panhandle, 8 inches of snow also closed Amarillo's airport Sunday, said manager Bill Wilson.

Abilene, Texas, had disabled and stranded cars littering icy streets, police said. Vehicles were lined up for miles on Interstate 20 as hills forced truckers to slow to a crawl. Some tractor-trailer rigs overturned while others sat jackknifed on the shoulder.

# Record cold eases its grip on Europe

LONDON (AP) -- Europe's record-breaking cold wave loosened its grip in several regions Sunday, but the punishing temperatures took more lives and many communities remained cut off.

Known deaths reached 284, 14 of them reported Sunday.

In Soviet Georgia, an avalanche killed three people and forced evacuation of about 2,000 people, a Soviet newspaper said. Sovietski Sport said the avalanche occurred Tuesday in Khakmati village in the Dushati region.

It also reported a 12-hour helicopter airlift evacuated 500 vacationers from Gudauri after the Georgian ski resort was cut off by an earlier avalanche.

Eastern Europe has suffered some of the worst of the arctic conditions, but Moscow was warming up toward the freezing point and last week's snow was turning to slush.

France, particularly hard-hit among Western European nations, reported nine more deaths Sunday.

Many villages in the southern Herault region around Montpellier remained isolated, as were areas on the left bank of the Rhone River in the Rhone-Alps region where high winds were icing over roads.

On many roads where snow was cleared off, the surfaces re-iced and became treacherous.

Soldiers and city workers continued clean-up operations in Paris, where parts of the city have experienced sporadic electric outages.

In Britain, the county of Kent in southeast England, which took the brunt of the weather sweeping in from the northeast, was still crippled by snow. Police reported 23 villages there virtually cut off by snowdrifts. Army helicopters flew in emergency food supplies. Some villages hadn't had milk or bread deliveries for a week.

At Lenham, near Maidstone, a police constable struggled six hours through snow drifts to deliver insulin to a diabetic woman.

Increasingly milder weather was reported in Belgium, where temperatures rose toward freezing, in the Netherlands, Denmark and Spain.

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=== Page 22 of 29

# At least 216 die in Europe's cold

1/12/87

Europe's worst winter in decades claimed at least 216 lives by Thursday, with hundreds of thousands of people isolated by snow-clogged roads and troops in France and Germany blasting through ice to head off flooding and keep two nuclear plants operating.

Freezing temperatures continue to envelop the continent, prompting the Common Market to grant $2.75 million to charities providing fuel, food and shelter to the elderly and homeless.

Western European temperatures Thursday ranged from the low 30s in London to zero degrees Fahrenheit in Helsinki. The forecast was for continued cold at least through Friday.

Travel by land, air and sea was affected. Southbound roads near Lyon, France, were among the many highways closed, forcing 1,500 trucks to park and wait for better conditions. In Britain, a snow-clearing team rescued a motorist who had been trapped in his car under a snowdrift for 39 hours near the Scottish border. Once his car was freed he resumed his journey, apparently none the worse for the ordeal.

Airports were closed in France and Spain, and boats in Denmark were warned not to leave port without aid from an icebreaker.

By evening, Associated Press bureaus around Europe reported at least 216 weather-related deaths since Jan. 1, including 77 in the Soviet Union, 36 in Poland and 30 in Great Britain.

The elderly were prominent among the victims. A 79-year-old woman was found frozen to death near the Berlin Wall after leaving a home for the elderly on Wednesday to visit a daughter living nearby. Police said she had been lost before on trips outside the home. An 88-year-old woman in Nancy, France, froze to death on her way to a bakery.

Churches and subway stations in France and Spain stayed open to shelter the homeless.

Britain's Princess Diana visited a center in north London where the elderly go for warmth and a hot meal, and she learned about conditions some Britons suffer in drafty houses dating back to Queen Victoria's reign.

"She asked what heating I had in my flat," said 78-year-old Alfred Freeman. "I told her I've only got one radiator in one room, and my pipes are frozen. She was surprised."

French troops blasted channels through ice on the Loire River to let cooling water reach nuclear power stations at Chinon and St. Laurent des Eaux, 170 miles southwest of Paris.

Hamburg city spokesman Werner Hackmann said West German army units detonated dynamite to loosen packed-up ice floes blocking the Elbe east of the port city. Officials said the floes threatened floods in nearby towns.

Along Britain's east coast, many parts of Kent, Norfolk and Lancashire were cut off by deep snow. Whipped by strong winds, the snow piled up in drifts as much as 20 feet deep that defeated snowplows trying to break through to villages that hadn't had food deliveries since last weekend.

Four-wheel drive army vehicles and motorized sleds were trying to reach a village on the Isle of Grain off the Kent coast to deliver emergency supplies.

In northern Spain, heavy snow and frozen roads made travel impossible in a large section, isolating hundreds of thousands of people, officials said.

The Dutch weather bureau took the unprecedented step of advising people not to leave their homes unnecessarily. Amsterdam had an average temperature Wednesday of 5 degrees below zero, among the five coldest days this century.

In France, heavy ice floated down the Seine River in Paris for only the second time in 20 years. A search was in progress for six cross-country skiers missing since Monday in the central Vercors mountains.

Here is a country by country breakdown of deaths reported since Jan. 1: Soviet Union 77; Poland, 36; Britain, 30; France, 20; Hungary 14; Ireland, 2; West Germany, 6; Spain, 11; Czechoslovakia 4; Netherlands, 3; Greece, 3; Denmark, 2; Switzerland, 2; Austria, 1; Belgium, 1; Italy, 2; Portugal, 1; Yugoslavia 1.

## Warm North/ Frigid South

A cold weather snap hits Europe as spring-like weather warms the Arctic Circle.

**Arctic Circle**
temperatures soar from -44° to 32°

**Iceland**
50° weather

**U.K.**
30 inches of snow in Maidstone, Chatham, and Isle of Sheppy

**Southern Sweden**
temperatures plunge to 5°

**French Riviera**
light snow fall

AP/Nancy Carpenter

20


=== Page 23 of 29

# Europe remains in deep freeze

UFO Sun Attack Post-Star

STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) -- Temperatures warmed slightly in some areas Sunday --from 29 below zero in Helsinki to 26 below, for instance -- but Europe's big freeze kept people indoors and power plants running full blast.

In Munich, West Germany, police said a 34-year old homeless man "probably froze to death" while sleeping under a bridge on the coldest night so far this winter, as the weekend toll of cold-caused deaths rose to at least six.

Night temperatures dipped to 8 below zero in Magdeburg, East Germany, where 45,000 people had no electricity after snowstorms knocked down power lines.

The Meteorological Institute of Finland, where Saturday's reading in Helsinki was the capital's lowest since record-keeping began in 1881, reported the three-degree improvement to 26 below on Sunday.

Power companies asked Finns to skip their traditional Epiphany holiday sauna over the weekend. Electric saunas have phased out many of the old wood-burners.

Soviet newspapers kept urging people to cut back on using electricity as temperatures hovered around 22 below zero in Moscow. In Siberia temperatures in the minus 70s were recorded.

There was a reading of 49 below in northern Sweden.

Swedish State Power Co. spokesman Teddy Palm said it was not clear if the power grid could handle the extra load today when industries open after the weekend.

"If worst comes to worst we will have to close off electricity in some places for a few hours, but the best thing is, of course, if people voluntarily can save power," Palm said.

A second Swede died from a Saturday train collision blamed on the cold. The engineer was also killed, and 10 people were hurt.

Cold-related deaths were also reported in Poland, Spain and Norway.

Not included in the cold weather deaths were those of a West German skier killed in an avalanche in Austria and a mountain climber who fell to her death in Britain.

Eastern England and Scotland were hit by snow, and an overnight low of 14 degrees was reported at Holme Moss, in northwest England. Dozens of older persons were reported suffering from hypothermia.

Outdoor sports were canceled or postponed across most of Europe. In England alone, 23 soccer matches and two horse race meets were called off.

THE NEW YORK TIMES, MONDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1986

**********

# Around the World

UFO Sun Attack

caped harm.

The two parties are preparing for general elections, due by next May.

## Flooding in Leningrad Is Worst in 16 Years

MOSCOW, Dec. 7 (AP) -- Storms in the northern Atlantic and the Gulf of Finland swept a tidal surge into the Neva River delta, causing the worst flooding in Leningrad in 16 years, the press agency Tass reported today.

Water remained at flood level late Saturday, and unstable weather threatened "new attacks of the sea on Leningrad," the official agency said.

Weather forecasters gave the five million residents of the Soviet Union's second largest city ample warning about the approaching surge, Tass said, adding that there were no casualties.

"This inundation is the largest in the last 16 years and especially rare for December," it said.

A 16-mile barrier under construction across the mouth of the Neva helped

NY Times
11/29/86

UFO Sun Attack

## Israelis and Arabs Meet

Without publicity, representatives of Israel met recently in Washington with representatives of Egypt, Iraq, Jordan and Turkey. The subject was the scarcity of water in the Middle East, a problem confronting all the countries, said Dr. Joyce Starr, a scholar who brought them together.

Dr. Starr, who termed the conference "historic," would not identify the participants.

"I am keeping their names off the record," she said, "but I can say that they were very senior representatives." If the Arab participants were identified, she said, they might be criticized in other Middle Eastern countries opposed to relations with Israel.

Dr. Starr did identify some Americans who are engaged in the project, among them M. Peter McPherson, Administrator of the Agency for International Development; Senator Paul Simon, Democrat of Illinois, and Senator James A. McClure, Republican of Idaho.

The response of the Middle Eastern countries, Dr. Starr said, gave her great hope that something could be done about the region's water problems and that talks could some day advance the peace process.

The meeting, which lasted two days, was held at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, where Dr. Starr is director of the Near East Studies Program. Asked if there was evident hostility between the Israeli and Arab sides, Dr. Starr said: "It was just the opposite. It was very civilized and friendly. There was a serious discussion of the issues."

An Israeli Embassy spokesman, Yossi Gal, referred to the meeting as "a seminar" and, while underscoring the importance of water as an issue in the Middle East, remained cautious, saying, "What will come out of it we don't know."

21


=== Page 24 of 29

Victims go to work on debris left by flooding

By Mary Shanklin
USA TODAY

Residents in the USA's heartland will spend the weekend shoveling away debris from the worst fall flooding since Huck Finn's days.

"A lot of the topsoil has washed off into peoples' living rooms and that's really going to be a mess," said Bob Martin of the Oklahoma Civil Defense.

The Mississippi River and its tributaries will crest above flood stage from St. Louis to Cairo, Ill. today through Sunday. It will be above flood stage for two more weeks.

Crests are receding slowly - as little as two or three inches a day. While only light rains are predicted for Midwestern states this weekend, water from swollen reservoirs is seeping back into the river. Also, water that broke through levees in Missouri is flowing back into the mainstream.

"It's like draining a swamp," said Dean Braatz of the North Central River Forecast Center in Minneapolis, Minn.

Midwest floods, called the worst this century, are blamed for 12 deaths, the evacuation of 43,000 people and hundreds of millions of dollars in damage.

Flood spots:

* In Tulsa County, Okla., families are returning to 1,136 damaged or destroyed homes; 3,171 residences were flooded statewide.
* In Fort Smith, Ark., crews sandbagged the Arkansas River and few homes were flooded. The river lashed out into Arkansas' farm land.
* About 500 people fled their homes Thursday in Grafton, Ill., at the junction of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers.

Snowstorms cause trouble across country

Associated Press

A new storm spread fresh snow Tuesday in New Mexico, where National Guardsmen continued aiding ranchers isolated by up to 50 inches of snow from a storm blamed for 42 deaths.

Snow plows were at work and traffic was slowed Tuesday from the Midwest into New England after the storm passed through and out to sea during the night. Schools were closed in many Massachusetts cities, including Boston.

Driving conditions were still treacherous in Oklahoma, where heavy snow Sunday stranded travelers and collapsed roofs and several thousand remained without electricity Tuesday. Authorities searched the banks of Lake Texoma for two fishermen whose capsized boat was discovered Monday.

The new storm in the Southwest produced less snow than the one that boiled out of that region and onto the Plains late last week, but a winter storm watch was in effect into Wednesday for the hill country of south-central Texas.

Travelers' advisories warning of slick roads were posted over much of New Mexico, parts of Arizona, southeastern Colorado, western Texas and the Panhandle and the Oklahoma Panhandle.

Ten inches fell Monday at Rye, Colo., which got 52 inches Thursday. Los Alamos, N.M., which got 50 inches last week, had just a few inches of new snow during the night.

North of the new storm, cold air pushed the temperature at Laramie, Wyo., to 27 degrees below zero, and the National Weather Service said that combined with wind for a wind chill effect of 38 below.

New Mexico state police discouraged travel in the northern half of the state, and U.S. 64 was closed between Tres Piedras and Tierra Amarilla.

East of Albuquerque, N.M., the Moriarty area, which got 40 inches of snow last week, got 3 more inches during the night and police said wind created drifts 2 and 3 feet high.

National Guard efforts to take food, water, fuel and medicine to snowbound rural residents around Moriarty were not hindered by the new snow, police said.

Guard trucks were used Tuesday to clear roads and driveways and deliver supplies to Torrance, Mora, San Miguel and Hidalgo counties. Two helicopters also carried supplies.

"We're trying to clear paths so they can help themselves," Lt. Col. Alex Garcia said of people snowbound in the Moriarty and Mountainair areas. "So far we've been able to get to the people we had to get to. We haven't had to turn anyone down."

West of the area of snow, Southern California had damaging wind Tuesday.

Gusts to 60 mph toppled trucks on Interstate 15 north of Fontana, about 50 miles east of downtown Los Angeles, said California Highway Patrol Officer Kevin Haney. "We've got about four of them out there on their sides," he said.

Wind gusting to 40 mph triggered widespread power outages throughout Southern California. Most of the blackouts, in such locations as Anaheim, El Toro, Sylmar and Granada Hills, were of short duration.

In Indiana, which got up to 10 inches of snow Monday, only five counties remained under snow emergencies Tuesday while crews worked to clear secondary roads.

Scores of schools were closed again Tuesday in Oklahoma, where residents were digging out from some of their worst weather in decades and 3,700 customers were still without power.

For some rural areas of Okmulgee County, it was the fourth straight day without electricity while temperatures remained at freezing or below, said Okmulgee assistant police chief Paul Witt.

"These old folks were around before there was electricity and they're making it all right," Witt said. "It's the young folks that have problems when the lights go out and there's no 'boob tube' to look at."

He said most people had either propane or natural gas heating or fireplaces with which to keep warm.

For part of the area, the culprit was not snow but freezing rain that encrusted everything with ice.

"Some of it was three inches in diameter on the (power) line," Witt said. "We had some poles that just wouldn't take the weight."

22


=== Page 25 of 29

Severe Disruptions Amid a Frosty Beauty

By ROBERT D. McFADDEN

The first major snowstorm of the winter roared up the Eastern Seaboard and across the New York metropolitan area yesterday, virtually halting transportation, commerce, education and government services and disrupting the lives of millions of people.

Born in the Gulf of Mexico and fortified by Atlantic moisture as it drove north, the storm - a vastness of blowing snow, howling winds and thunderous lightning - left more than a foot of snow in many areas and transformed the landscape into a frolic of snow-sculpture.

In the New York, New Jersey and Connecticut region, where 6 to 12 inches fell, the storm snarled traffic, complicated life for commuters of the strikebound Long Island Rail Road and brought other activities to a standstill as airports, schools, courts, businesses and government offices closed early.

Lincoln Tunnel Paralyzed

The worst local tie-ups were at the Lincoln Tunnel, where westbound traffic was paralyzed for nearly four hours in the afternoon because of choked New Jersey highways. Delays at the Holland Tunnel ran up to 45 minutes and many Long Island commuters, already suffering from a rail strike, took hours to get home.

From a satellite eye's view at mid-afternoon, the storm looked like a gigantic gray-white comma that cloaked the East Coast from Maine to Florida and had a vast bulge at the top extending to the Great Lakes. Warm moist air from the Atlantic collided with cold Canadian air and produced a dazzling accompaniment of thunder and lightning.

It was impressive on the ground, too. The storm crippled traffic in much of the East and South, socked in airports, forced schools and businesses to close, threatened citrus crops in Florida, shut down the government in Washington and some state capitals and sent tens of thousands of public and private employees home early. It also forced Southerners to cope with unfamiliar snow and ice.

"It's just like a war zone out there," said Art Strong of the National Weather Service in Charleston, W. Va.

The Long Island Rail Road settled with another union, but hopes for an overall settlement faded. Page B3.

While the snow gave almost everyone a hard time, it also recast familiar images into exotic things. It put whimsical epaulettes and caps on heroic statues in the parks. It gave soft Art Deco lines to ordinary awnings and hedges. It obliterated city skyscrapers and country church steeples. And it drained the world of sound and color, muffling the scrape of shovels and plows and casting woodlands into a stark relief of black and white.

The Weather Service reported accumulations of up to 15 inches in North Carolina, 13 inches in West Virginia, 8 inches in Delaware, 6 inches in South Carolina, Maryland and Alabama and 5

Continued on Page B2, Column 3

Much of the West suffers record cold

The Associated Press

Bitingly cold air spilled southward Monday from Canada, with Butte, Mont., hitting 31 degrees below zero and other cities posting record lows, on the heels of a snow storm that killed seven and left a 13-year-old boy missing.

"We are heading into the time of year we all hate - cold weather," said National Weather Service forecaster Chuck McCain in Colorado.

Only scattered light snow fell Monday from the central Rockies across the Plains to the upper Great Lakes, light compared to the storm that last week dumped more than 2 feet of snow before moving into Canada.

But the snow accompanied an Arctic air mass that dropped temperatures below zero over much of Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota and western South Dakota.

Record lows for the date included Billings, Mont., 12 below zero; Casper, Wyo., 14 below; Chicago, 18; Flint, Mich., 20; Helena, Mont., 24 below; Kalispell, Mont., 8 below; Lewiston, Idaho, 14; Miles City, Mont., 13 below; Missoula, Mont., 2 below; Rapid City, S.D., 7 below; Sheridan, Wyo., 20 below; Spokane, Wash., 11; Valentine, Neb., 1; Wheatridge, Colo., 9; and Yakima, Wash., 13.

Several of the records erased marks that had been on the books since 1911. For Billings, Casper, Kalispell and Missoula, it was the earliest date on record for such cold.

Gusty wind along the eastern slopes of the Rockies in Montana dropped the wind chill effect to around 45 below at Billings and Casper during the night.

The temperature at Goodland, Kan., dropped from 29 to 14 in one hour as the edge of the cold air moved through, and freeze warnings were issued as far south as parts of northern Texas.

Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., went from 60 degrees Saturday to 29 on Sunday. "We're going from early fall weather to mid-winter weather in almost nothing flat," said meteorologist Bill Deadler.

By contrast, cooler weather that moved into the Southeast merely ended what was the warmest November weekend on record for parts of Georgia. Savannah, Augusta and Columbus had three days of record highs in the 80s, peaking at 86 in Savannah.

Up to 2 inches of snow fell Monday across parts of Wisconsin and Minnesota, icing roads and causing numerous minor traffic accidents.

Light snow also reached central New York state Monday, and the weather service said western Pennsylvania would get its first storm of the season during the night.


=== Page 26 of 29

# Planetary alignment, storms wallop coasts

Post-Star
11/21/86

UFOs Sun Attrack

GARDEN CITY, S.C. (AP) -- A storm of "mini-hurricane" force washed away decks and sidewalks at resort hotels on the South Carolina coast and flooded North Carolina beaches Thursday, while the highest West Coast tides in nearly 20 years forced the partial closing of a highway.

The tides on both coasts have been unusually high because of a rare alignment of the sun, moon and the Earth known as syzygy.

It was the fourth consecutive day that officials closed one lane of the Pacific Coast Highway at Sunset Beach, Calif. No damage was reported.

A 50-year-old barn on the Washington state coast, at a spot called Washaway Beach, slipped into the ocean Wednesday after high tides eroded its foundation.

South Carolina beaches were littered with planking from boardwalks and uprooted trees, but damage to buildings appeared to be less than that caused by a storm last month that left $3 million in damages, according to Patrick Dowling, public information officer for the city of Myrtle Beach.

"There has been substantial flooding, but no damage to condominiums or motels or hotels," Dowling said.

Civil Defense workers in South Carolina's coastal counties said it could take days to compile damage estimates.

South Carolina Highway Patrol troopers stopped all but emergency travel on Pawley's Island after 40 mph winds and tides 3 feet higher than normal pounded the beachfront. Power lines feel in the storm, and police ordered electrical service cut off to the community of 700 to prevent fires and electrocutions.

North Carolina officials reported extensive damage to waterfront homes at Long Beach, an island community near the state's southernmost tip, while tides washed through the man-made dunes to flood Topsail Beach. No dollar estimates of the damages were available.

"We've got considerable beach erosion and considerable damage to the majority of the oceanfront houses," said Long Beach police dispatcher Earl Gilbert. "Houses have some sort of damage like porches and decks gone and dunes have been eroded completely away in many locations."

Gilbert said the situation was "considerably worse than the December storm because of the exceptionally high tide ... and winds gusting to 50 mph and heavy rain."

# Destructive winds, rain stun Southside, Tidewater

Richmond Times-Disp. Sun/Par-Force Ripple 10/15/86

From staff, wire dispatches

A major storm sped destructive winds and heavy rain across parts of Southside Virginia and Tidewater early yesterday, toppling trees, snapping utility lines and damaging homes and barns, officials said.

An estimated $1 million worth of damage was reported in Brunswick

Other photos, page B-1

County alone, said Sheriff T.G. Brockwell Jr.

"I've never seen anything like it before," Brockwell said. "No one was hurt, thank goodness."

The storm, traveling about 40 mph, struck Brunswick about 6:50 a.m. and moved eastward across Prince George, Dinwiddie and Sussex.

It started pelting rain and hail on Surry about 8 a.m. and then swept eastward down the James River into Charles City, James City and Gloucester counties.

Damage was reported in the counties of Gloucester, James City, Charles City, Prince George, Surry, Brunswick, Dinwiddie, Sussex and in the city of Hopewell.

At least four people suffered minor injuries in Gloucester and Sussex in houses or mobile homes that were destroyed, authorities said.

The National Weather Service at Volens verified last night that there were at least two tornadoes in the storm system.

One tornado was sighted at 7:15 a.m. as it moved northeast along the Sussex-Prince George County line before turning east into Prince George County. The second touched down at 8:30 a.m.; the funnel cloud was seen over the Hopewell News building and

Continued on page 2, col. 1


=== Page 27 of 29

NY Times 11/30/85

# Winter Prelude: Snowstorm Sweeps Across Region

BY RICHARD L. MADDEN
Special to The New York Times

HARTFORD, Nov. 19 - A storm swept across New York and New England today, dropping a blanket of heavy, wet snow and much of Connecticut was without power as trees and power lines, pushed down by the wet, sticky mess, snapped, knocking out electricity to more than 200,000 homes and businesses.

By this evening, about 92,000 customers were still without power, and officials of Northeast Utilities, the state's largest supplier of electricity, said power would not be restored to some areas until Thursday or Friday.

The snow skirted New York City, mixing with nearly an inch of rain over the 12 hours ending at 5 A.M., but the National Weather Service reported 3 to 10 inches of snow fell in upper Westchester County and upstate. In Westchester, 4,400 Con Edison customers lost power, but nearly all service was restored by this afternoon.

More than a foot of snow was reported in parts of Pennsylvania, Vermont and Massachusetts. At Boston's Logan International Airport and at Bradley International Airport just north of Hartford, were forced to close.

### Shelters to Open

The hardest hit areas of Connecticut were in a band extending from Norwalk, through Long Island Sound, north through Danbury and New Milford, and east through Waterbury to the suburbs north of Hartford. Northeast Utilities and Massachusetts sent crews to help.

"Clearly there are going to be outages overnight," said a spokesman for Northeast Utilities. Emmanuel S. Forde. "The overwhelming majority of customers will be back tomorrow."

With the temperature expected to fall into the low 20's tonight, many towns in the state, including Avon, Waterbury, Windsor, Simsbury, Bloomfield and Danbury, announced that schools would be closed tomorrow and that some public buildings would be opened as shelters.

The overnight storm, which ended by about 8 A.M., dropped 2 to 3 inches along the coast and 8 to 10 inches in much of Litchfield County and the Massachusetts border.

### 'A Phenomenal Sight'

At its peak before dawn in western Connecticut, the heavy snow was accompanied by winds as high as 40 miles an hour and lightning and thunder. "Trees and limbs fell across power lines, sending them snapping to the ground in showers of sparks."

"It was a phenomenal sight," said Dr. Melvin Goldstein of the Western Connecticut State University's Weather Center in Danbury.

He said the snowfall was not unusual for this time of year, but that a foot of snow in parts of Connecticut got a lot of attention.

Although the sun began shining brightly by 9 A.M., many schools and businesses closed for the day. A series of traffic accidents closed sections of Interstate 84, a major east-west artery between Danbury and Waterbury.

### 'Ugly and Wet'

The power failures were the largest since Hurricane Gloria in September 1985, when about 475,000 Northeast Utilities' 1 million Connecticut customers were without electricity.

The United Illuminating Company, which served Bridgeport and New Haven areas near Long Island Sound, reported only scattered outages. The Southern New England Telephone Company said there were no major problems with telephone service.

On Long Island, about 16,000 customers lost power as high winds, rain and sleet swept the island. Light and power crews worked through the night to restore service to residents of Suffolk County who were awakened by a series of loud bangs caused by a malfunctioning transformer at a LILCO power plant.

"It was a nuclear reaction," William Sherrard, a 50-year-old resident, said. Sherrard said he received about 50 calls from worried neighbors before the system - one of 89 in Shoreham's emergency siren - was turned off about 3 A.M.


=== Page 28 of 29

# Storm Hits Northeast

# 'Classic nor'easter' forces evacuations

1/3/87

The Associated Press

Authorities in four states urged people to move inland Friday, as a classic northeaster swept up the East Coast with heavy snow, high wind and beach-grinding tides after causing six deaths and millions of dollars damage in the Southeast.

"I just tied up my boats and put the cat in the attic. There's not much more you can do," said Dick LaCross who lives near the beach in Scituate, Mass., where many seaside residents voluntarily evacuated their homes Friday morning.

In New Hampshire and Maine, the National Weather Service urged coastal residents to "complete all safety precautions and evacuate to higher ground inland as soon as possible."

Authorities said they had no immediate estimates of how many people evacuated in those states, Massachusetts and New Jersey.

"This is a classic nor'easter, a real East Coast bomb," said Mel Goldstein, director of the Weather Center at Western Connecticut State University.

The weather service called the northeaster "the most vicious storm" since a February 1978 blizzard paralyzed Boston with 27 inches of snow, caused 29 deaths, destroyed 339 houses and inflicted $300 million property damage.

The storm was blamed for four traffic deaths Thursday in North Carolina and two in Virginia, which was also hit by coastal flooding, rain and up to 5 inches of snow in some western areas.

Friday's high tide was expected to be 2 to 3 feet above normal because of a syzygy, a rare alignment of the sun, moon and Earth that has occurred only three times since 1912, the weather service said.

In southern Maine, where as much as 9 inches of snow piled up Friday, officials closed the Maine Turnpike to commercial traffic, and Augusta was whipped by winds gusting to almost 50 mph. Minor flooding was reported on dockside streets of Portland, but officials said sightseers' cars were becoming the biggest problem for snowplows and ambulances.

In New York City, high tides delayed commuters on the Staten Island Ferry for about an hour, until the boat was ballasted down so a ramp that ordinarily is lowered to the deck of the ferry could reach it.

"The tide was so high, Lady Liberty had to raise her skirts," said Transportation Commissioner Ross Sandler. His reference was to the Statue of Liberty in New York harbor.

**NEW ENGLAND COASTAL AREAS**
-Gale winds
-Tides 2-3 feet above normal.
-Evacuations along coast.
-Emergency shelters opened.

**Tides 6-8 feet above normal along N.J.'s coast.**

**Storm blamed for traffic deaths in N.C. & VA.**

**MAP LABELS:**
CANADA
VT.
N.H.
ME.
N.Y.
MASS.
R.I.
CONN.
PA.
OHIO
MD.
DEL.
N.J.
New York
Atlantic City
W. VA.
VA.
KY.
N.C.


=== Page 29 of 29

White House aide
Buchanan resigns

Post-Star
24/4/87

WASHINGTON (AP) -- Patrick J. Buchanan, President Reagan's combative chief of communications, added his name Tuesday to a growing list of administration resignations, saying he could work for conservative causes more effectively outside the White House.

Buchanan, who announced last month that he would not run for president, has seemed frustrated in his two-year campaign to get the administration to follow a hardline conservative script.

Announcing the resignation, presidential spokesman Marlin Fitzwater said Buchanan "feels he can better influence the issues and politics of 1988 and the direction of the conservative movement and Republican Party by speaking and writing from a vantage point outside the White House."

He will leave the $77,400-a-year job March 1, joining an exodus of top administration officials departing with two years left in the administration.

Fitzwater said the turnover was healthy. "You get a lot of new blood in. ... It's good to get new energies in for the last drive."

Some people delayed their departure, Fitzwater said, "because of the Iranian situation and didn't want to leave while there was difficulty." He was referring to the controversy over the secret sale of arms to Iran and the diversion of profits to Nicaraguan rebels.

Pat Buchanan

That affair produced a shakeup in Reagan's National Security Council staff and cost the president his national security adviser, John Poindexter -- replaced by Frank Carlucci -- and a top aide on the NSC, Oliver North.

In addition, Reagan has lost his longtime spokesman, Larry Speakes and his deputy, Peter Roussel; CIA Director William Casey; political adviser Mitchell Daniels; Cabinet secretary Alfred Kingon; drug-abuse adviser Carlton Turner; and even the president's doctor, T. Burton Smith.