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=== Page 1 of 99

September 3, 1986

Jeffrey

SCIENTISTS

B-1: my letter to you of June 9, 1986. I told you "anything can happen" with psi-force "ripples" across the U.S. This entire file reveals what has occurred as a result of these psi ripples.

B-2: my going to Hong Kong and releasing my UFOs to do whatever they wish with Russia, China, etc., they caused the Chernobyl accident...which on the surface would seem cruel...yet put into proper perspective Chernobyl taught the entire world a lesson, factually, that it had not experienced...with the result of moving the "nuclear clock hands" back considerably. This newsclip explains why.

B-3: An interesting observation by the Science Writer for UPI that NASA has been "snake-bit"...i.e., affected by perhaps some supernatural power or curse...which, of course, is quite true, with my UFOs attacking NASA with other-dimensional powers in order to block space-work.

1: Writer Andy Rooney is most receptive. He senses that something unusual ("some force") is affecting Earth. And of course, it is. The UFO Sun Attack.

80: "Tutu declares God will free S. Africa." I trust that you will remember what I said in "Seers Predict..." some years ago...that I would CAUSE the whites to be run out of Africa...so that it could go back to the blacks and to stop the slaughter of wildlife in that country. Also bear in mind...I work for and with my UFOs and they have told me that they work for what we humans call "God".

4: Notice the turnaround on Russia's part toward the U.S. and key issues...since my Hong Kong trip...which was just for that purpose...to enable my UFO's to have access to Russia and China, to take whatever action they deem necessary to stop a world-Nuclear-wipeout. Z: The same. B-2: Same.

5-C: Another indication that my UFOs are trying to bring about world peace, using their powers, with my human permission, which is required for them.

The rest of this file is self-explanatory. You might note my written comments, around the newsclips.

The chaos revealed in these newsclips could have been avoided by someone granting my UFOs their Base. Things will, of course, get increasingly worse.

Ted Owens (PK Man)

P.S. Family is leaving Florida next week.


=== Page 2 of 99

Monday, June 9, 1986

Scientists:

My UFOs have severely crippled NASA and taught Russia (and the world) a valuable lesson at Chernobyl -- now they will turn their full attention to obtaining their UFO Base, which means that they intend to intensify and amplify pressure on the U.S. government to provide same... by sweeping "waves" of other-dimensional psi-force across the U.S.

Now anything can happen!

Ted Owens
(PK Man)

B-1


=== Page 3 of 99

# Is Freakish Weather Trying To Drive Us Off This Planet?

UFOs Sun Attack 0.5B 6/7/86

ANDY
# Rooney

Sometimes I get the feeling the Earth doesn't really want us. It sure makes it difficult to live here.

Last night when I got home just before dinner, I stopped and looked at the thermometer outside the kitchen door. The sun hits it in late afternoon so it isn't really an accurate indicator but it read 94 degrees. On the radio they were calling it 90.

I went upstairs to change into my old, sitting-around clothes but I didn't stay up there long because it must have been 100 in the bedroom. We have an air conditioner but it hadn't been turned on because no one was going to be in the room. I hate to spend money cooling an empty room.

This morning I left the house at 6:10 and the same thermometer that had read 94 degrees last evening was at an even 40 degrees. Do you think some force is trying to drive us crazy or make us move somewhere else, off Earth?

Driving to work, I got to thinking about how near the earth is to being uninhabitable. I've never read what temperatures the human body can take for high and low extremes but it seems likely that parts of this planet are close to being outside the range of human tolerance at times. The temperature gets into the high 120s in Death Valley, Calif., and it has been as high as 134 degrees. That's in the shade and there isn't any shade out there. Earth's temperature has peaked at 136 in Libya. Moammar Gadhafi aside, this is reason enough for me not to book a two-week vacation there.

In Vostok, Antarctica, temperatures have been recorded as low as 126 degrees below zero. Can the same body that would stay alive in 136-degree heat also keep going 262 degrees below that? I remember reading about a place in Montana where the temperature fell from 44 degrees above zero around noon to 56 degrees below zero late that night. That's putting heating systems and the human body to the test.

Somehow we seem to live through extreme temperature changes. Air conditioning and central heating make it easier but the human race survived before it had either. I don't see how.

Nature is always making things tough for us. If it isn't temperature, it's another kind of terrible weather or natural phenomenon that makes life difficult. Sunday there was a picture in my newspaper of a row of expensive beach houses that are in imminent danger of being washed away because the ocean has eroded the sand out from under them, leaving the houses precariously perched on top of their telephone-pole-like stilt pilings.

At another time of year, that same page of the same paper might have a picture of snow drifts burying a row of cars on a highway near Buffalo or of a house being washed downstream by the overflowing Mississippi in the delta. Just when you think you're lucky to be in the one safe part of the country, something strikes you. I look with some sense of sad superiority at the stories of raging fires coming down the canyons in California or of twisters sweeping the Kansas plains.

While I was worrying about all the bad luck the rest of the country was having last fall, a hurricane struck the East Coast while we were in Maine. We drove home to Connecticut the following day, following detours where the road had been blocked off by fallen telephone poles, and found the lawn in front of our house with enough major branches down so that I had to call a tree surgeon to clear them away.

I am always worried that the Earth will become too warm, too cold, too wet or too dry for humans. We are, after all, fragile creatures. It wouldn't take much of a change to make life on Earth impossible.

Fortunately for me, I have something more important to worry about today. I think my checking account is overdrawn.


=== Page 4 of 99

# Tutu declares God will free S. Africa

Trib 9/1/86

SOWETO, South Africa (AP) -- Bishop Desmond Tutu, his voice so choked with emotion he could only whisper, on Sunday mourned 21 blacks slain in Soweto last week, then triumphantly told a congregation: "The God of love is going to make us free!"

"The souls of those killed cry out, 'How long, Lord, is this going to continue?' The answer is -- the time is not right until some more of you, sisters and brothers, are killed," Tutu told 500 worshipers in St. Paul's Anglican Church in Soweto, the huge black township outside Johannesburg.

"The price we have paid already is a heavy price," Tutu said. "We are being called on to pay yet more in lives. But despite all that the powers of the world may do, we are going to be free."

About 50 whites, some wearing black bands across their chests and carrying daffodils as a symbol of sympathy, attended the service.

Among them were Sen. Frank Lautenberg, D-N.J., who advocates economic sanctions as a means to bring down apartheid; the Rev. Donald Shriver Jr., president of Union Theological Seminary in New York; and his wife Peggy, an assistant general secretary of the U.S. National Council of Churches.

"There is more triumph here than I would have believed possible," said Shriver.

The victims died Tuesday and Wednesday in South Africa's worst township clash in 26 years. Security forces killed 20 people, and a gang of youths hacked to death a township councilor, seen as siding with white authorities. About 100 people, including five policemen, were injured.

The Rev. David Nkwe, rector at St. Paul's, said Sowetans would hold a mass funeral Thursday and would not seek permission from the government.

"We can't go cap in hand," Nkwe said after the service. "If they're going to stop us, let the world know they're going to stop us."

The government has banned mass funerals, saying they serve as forums for radical anti-apartheid protests.

City Press, a weekly newspaper serving black readers in Johannesburg area, said Sunday that 27 of Soweto's 32 councilors have fled the township in fear of further attacks. The newspaper said the councilors took refuge in apartments in a Johannesburg neighborhood officially off limits to black residents.

The paper said armed police were left to guard the vacated homes. During the clashes, two councilors' homes were set afire.

The violence has been attributed to Sowetan anger at council approval of a campaign to evict families taking part in a widespread rent boycott.

In his sermon, Tutu told the congregation: "It would not be surprising that black people asked, 'God, just tell us, what have we done? What is it that makes us attract so much suffering to ourselves?'"

"We suffer in a land that claims to be Christian, and we suffer at the hands of those who call themselves Christians," he said.

More than 2,100 people, most of them blacks, have been killed in political violence since the anti-apartheid struggle intensified in the black townships two years ago.

UFL M. Space Front 0.SB 8/30/86

# Astronaut's Family To Sue Rocket Firm

SPACE CENTER, Houston (AP) -- The family of Challenger astronaut Ron McNair will file suit against the maker of the solid rocket boosters blamed for the explosion that killed its seven crew members, an attorney said Friday.

Ronald D. Krist said he will file the suit next week in U.S. District Court in Houston contending Morton Thiokol Inc. "is probably the sole culprit" in the space shuttle accident and will request unspecified damages.

McNair, 35, was killed in the Jan. 28 accident. The suit will be the first filed against Morton Thiokol, although the family of the Challenger pilot has filed a claim against the government.

The Houston Chronicle quoted McNair's widow, Cheryl, as saying she felt compelled to file the suit.

"To do nothing would be a tacit acquiescence or stamp of approval of the type of conduct that took my husband's life, and this I am unwilling to do and not required to do in America," Mrs. McNair told the newspaper.

Krist said the family decided to file the suit after months of fruitless negotiation with Morton Thiokol. "Our only recourse is to seek relief in the courts," he said.

Thomas Russell, a Morton Thiokol vice president at the company's corporate headquarters in Chicago, said there would be no comment until the company has seen the lawsuit petition.

Asked if the company expected lawsuits in the wake of the disaster, Russell said: "It doesn't surprise me. It's been a terrible tragedy."

The plaintiffs in the suit will be Mrs. McNair, her two children, and the parents of the dead astronaut.

Krist said his filing will not make a specific damage request but said the family is seeking compensation for the loss of McNair's income.

Krist said the family also is asking for compensation for mental anguish, loss of companionship, the loss to the two children of a father, and for the pain and suffering endured by McNair before his death.

A recent NASA study showed that the Challenger crew survived for several seconds after the spacecraft came apart, Krist said.

(80)


=== Page 5 of 99

# Reagan: Soviet offer 'serious'

* House backs SALT II - 5A

By ELEANOR CLIFT
Los Angeles Times

GLASSBORO, N.J. - President Reagan, addressing a high school graduating class here, said Thursday that the Soviets had "begun to make a serious effort" at arms control, and that their recent proposals to reduce nuclear weapons "could represent a turning point" in the tense superpower relationship.

In a speech notable for its conciliatory tone toward the Soviet Union, the president appealed to Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev to allow a preparatory meeting for the next summit to take place.

"The location is unimportant," Reagan said. "What matters is that such a meeting take place in mutual earnestness so that we can make progress at the next summit."

Reagan's speech was delivered in a town that talks on a variety of issues "a moment of opportunity" to improve relations between the two superpowers.

"We believe that possibly an atmosphere does exist that will allow for serious discussion," he said.

Of the latest Soviet proposal on strategic nuclear weapons, he said, "We cannot accept these particular proposals without some change, but it appears that the Soviets have begun to make a serious effort."

The tone of the president's remarks was a striking departure from the harsh criticism leveled at the Soviets in recent weeks by senior administration officials for their alleged violations of the SALT II treaty.

Administration officials have said that the latest Soviet arms offer has merit, but this was the first time that Reagan has been publicly optimistic since the offer was presented in Geneva earlier and outlined Monday in a speech by Gorbachev.

However, high on the list of the parts of the new Gorbachev offer that some U.S. officials find unacceptable is the increased ceiling on warheads, particularly on warheads atop land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles that pose the greatest threat of surprise attack to U.S. forces.

The Soviet proposal offers a new ceiling of 8,000 warheads of all kinds, compared with 6,000 in the previous Soviet and the standing U.S. proposal. Of the 8,000, no more than 60 percent, or 4,800 warheads, could be on land-based ICBMs.

Under that proposal, the Soviets could target each U.S. ICBM with three warheads, more than enough to insure destruction of all the U.S. weapons in a first strike.

# Reagan

* From Page 1A

The United States would not possess a comparable edge, leaving it more vulnerable than the Soviets.

Reagan's remark about a preparatory meeting for a U.S.-Soviet summit, which he and Gorbachev agreed to at their summit in Geneva last November, appeared to indicate that he is prepared to send U.S. representatives to Europe or even to Moscow if that is what it takes to get the summit under way this year.

A preparatory meeting between Secretary of State George P. Shultz and Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard A. Shevardnadze had been scheduled until the Soviets canceled it in reprisal for the U.S. bombing of Libya on April 15.

A White House official traveling with the president confirmed that Reagan would like Shultz and Shevardnadze to meet as soon as possible, even if it means that Shultz has to travel to Moscow.

"We're not picky about where they meet," the official said, speaking on the condition that he not be identified.

The site chosen for Reagan's conciliatory speech Thursday, which he termed "an essay on peace," is laden with historic meaning in the tortuous road of U.S.-Soviet relations.

Nineteen years ago, in June 1967, President Lyndon B. Johnson met with Soviet Premier Alexei N. Kosygin at Glassboro State College, located just across the street from Glassboro High School where Reagan spoke.

Reagan acknowledged that the Glassboro summit was not significant since there were no major breakthroughs made or agreements reached there. In fact, the location was chosen then because it was exactly halfway between New York, where Kosygin was attending the United Nations, and Washington, and neither leader wanted to go an extra mile.

"Nevertheless, the two men met. They were frank," Reagan recalled Thursday. "They worked to understand each other and to make themselves understood. In this alone, I would submit, they taught us a great deal."

Standing in the crowded high school gymnasium in Glassboro Reagan issued a call for action.

"I have come here today to say the Glassboro summit was not enough, that indeed the Geneva summit was not enough - that talk alone, in short, is not enough," he said. "I have come here to invite Mr. Gorbachev to join me in taking action."

That was markedly different from Reagan's usual tone; he once derided the idea of a summit that did not hold out the prospect of concrete agreements. In addition, it came just three weeks after he roused international alarm with an announcement May 27 that the United States no longer intends to observe the terms of the SALT II agreement and will be in violation of those terms later this year when the 131st refurbished B-52 bomber equipped with cruise missile is deployed.

Glassboro High's graduating class of 130 appeared oblivious to the messages to Moscow that the president was delivering. For the graduates, sweltering in their gold and maroon robes, it was enough that Reagan was there.


=== Page 6 of 99

8A OCALA * STAR-BA

# Betty Hill Recalls Incident

Continued from page 1A through hypnosis, their account of being kidnapped by beings from another solar system made the Hills immediate celebrities. The book "The Interrupted Journey" tells their story.

"Right here is where they were standing," Hill, 67, said on a recent return to the spot where she says she was captured. "And this is where they took us," she said, heading into the woods.

Until their 1964 hypnosis, the Hills remembered only being followed by a bright object in the night sky as they drove south through New Hampshire from Montreal to Portsmouth, turning off the main road onto a dirt road and stalling out after being confronted by strange men in the road.

They tried to forget about it, but Betty had nightmares about being captured and Barney's health began to fail. When he didn't respond to medication a doctor suspected emotional problems and suggested hypnosis. During one session Barney mentioned being captured by strange beings. His wife, under separate hypnosis, recounted the same events and the story began to unfold.

The beings, they recalled, approached as Barney tried to restart the car, took them from the car and through the woods to a glowing object in the forest.

"I was fighting," Hill said. "I'm probably the first person in the world who took a sock at them."

As evidence, she still has the torn and stained dress she wore that night.

Standing in a clearing that she said was the landing spot, she described a thorough, medical-type examination that, when recalled under hypnosis, evoked terror in her and in Barney, who died in 1969.

She said she and Barney tried repeatedly to retrace their 1961 route but did not find it until about a year after their hypnosis, when they rode through the mountains with relatives searching for a place to camp.

"All of a sudden we got up here and said, 'Oh my God!' We recognized the place immediately. We came down here, stopped the car, jumped out and ran up here, up the path," she said.

She said that for a while after the hypnosis, she tried to pass off the incident as a bad dream.

"For a while I tried to tell myself it never happened, because there was a lot of pressure," she said. "So I'd go to bed and say, 'I'll forget it. It never happened.' But then, after a while, I couldn't do that anymore."

Hill is not fazed by people who don't believe her story.

"I say, 'You're entitled to your opinion, but if it happens to you, you know who to contact.'"

Hill gives lectures on UFOs and her experience and says people who have never seen a UFO probably don't know what to look for.

"I say anytime you see a light in the sky, check it out," she said.

A rainbow appeared over her head as she stood at the capture spot.

"Hi boys," she shouted, laughing.

Asked how she will mark the anniversary, Hill said she hopes to "very quietly go out to my area and say, 'Happy anniversary, boys. You are the so-and-sos that did this to me.'"

# East, West to reduce accidental war risk

Hong Kong PK Post 9/22/86

The deal involves monitoring troop movements and exchanging military information.

By ROLF SODERLIND
United Press International

STOCKHOLM, Sweden -- Delegates from 35 NATO and Warsaw Pact nations approved a document Sunday night outlining ways to reduce the risk of accidental war in Europe in the first East-West agreement since 1979.

"The measures just adopted establish a good, solid confidence-building regime which should make the European security situation more stable and secure," said chief U.S. negotiator Robert Barry.

The agreement among NATO, the Warsaw Pact and Europe's neutral nations approved at a late-night session sets guidelines for monitoring troop movements and exchanging military information.

It is the first agreement on conventional arms in Western Europe since World War II and the first East-West agreement since the 1979 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty was struck between the United States and the Soviet Union.

SALT II was signed by the negotiators but never formally ratified by Congress, although the United States abided by it until this year.

"This is a very good agreement, perhaps unique in East-west relations," said chief Soviet negotiator Oleg Grinevsky. "For the first time we have inspections, a very deep exchange of information. It forms the basis for a real security system in Europe."

"It goes without saying that the agreement can help boost Soviet-U.S. relations, which are badly in need of solid improvement," Grinevsky said.


=== Page 7 of 99

# The Chernobyl Legacy

Trib 9/3/86 Hong Kong PK

International nuclear energy officials are divided on the number of cancer deaths that ultimately will result from the Soviet Union's Chernobyl reactor accident. But they agree on one thing: It will be high.

Based on Soviet radiation measurements, 24,000 fatal cancers may develop over the next 70 years among the 75 million people living in the European districts of the Soviet Union, say spokesmen for the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Earlier, a U.S. physicist offered a much higher figure. Thomas Cochran, of the Natural Resources Defense Council in New York, forecast that Chernobyl-related deaths would eventually reach 45,000. Included in his estimate was a calculation of human exposure to cesium-137 in contaminated food.

The Soviet representatives have questioned the reliability of these figures while offering no estimates of their own. They agree, however, that about 9.5 million Soviet Europeans would be expected to die from all types of cancer over the next 70 years. The increased mortality rate from cesium-137 might be 0.4 percent, according to their calculations. That would mean about 38,000 additional deaths.

Shortly after the Chernobyl accident, 31 people who were in the immediate vicinity of the damaged reactor died from burns, massive exposure to radiation and related causes. This was the direct casualty toll. It is the indirect numbers that are so troublesome.

It is almost impossible to guess the degree of cesium-137 that has entered the food chain and will be the cause of malignant neoplasms for years to come among people who consume food that was grown or grazed in the path of the radioactive plume that emerged from the Chernobyl reactor. Estimates offered to date may be too high -- or, far too low.

The Chernobyl disaster was an insignificant event compared to the explosion of a nuclear bomb. Yet, if a radioactive leak from a relatively small nuclear reactor can claim in excess of 25,000 victims, the results of a nuclear attack stagger the imagination.

Chernobyl has taught the world many things about the construction and operation of nuclear reactors. These lessons are already being drafted into guidelines designed to prevent similar accidents in the future.

But there also is a larger lesson: Earth cannot survive a nuclear war with life continuing as it is known today. It is indeed time to turn the world's stockpile of nuclear swords into plowshares and unify the nations of this planet in occupations more productive than war -- such as the continuing exploration of outer space.

Is that but a childish dream? No, it's the most grown-up reality.

And the mountains of Mars are calling.


=== Page 8 of 99

In one of the most super-secret projects in history, a joint Soviet-American scientific team is studying a mysterious radio signal from outer space -- a distress call sent from a planet or starship 50,000 years ago.

"This is a stunning breakthrough. Our computers have actually translated a major portion of the radio signal," said one U.S. astronomer, who discussed the research with a French freelance news service on the condition he not be identified.

Portions of the amazing message were put together in a reasonably accurate form by the team in April, but have not been published.

"GUIDE US TO FOURTH UNIVERSE. EXPLOSION. WE ARE IN PERIL. WE ARE IN TIME 117.098 IN 12th GALAXY," was the frantic message.

"Very simply, from a mathematical translation, we can assume this was an ancient spacecraft, or even a planet.

"It was looking for some kind of beacon, a signal, to guide them out of danger. This whole thing is mind-boggling," said the astronomer.

"My Soviet counterparts have done the majority of computer translation and we have been working night and day to pinpoint the source of the signal.

"Our initial calculations have shown, and we may be proven very wrong later, that the signal was sent at least 50,000 years ago, maybe longer.

"My colleagues feel we must have more conclusive analysis of the message before we publish a report.

"I disagree.

"Both our governments are briefed on our progress constantly. I feel the whole story should be made public now.

"It is conclusive proof, to me, that mankind is not alone. I only wish that I could go into further detail.

"There is much more to this story and more of the signal to be translated.

"But I will say this, when this goes public, it will have one of the greatest effects on the human race in history.

"It could even bring about world peace."

Both U.S. and Soviet government spokesmen refused to confirm or deny that scientific research into an alien message was taking place.

The Soviet spokesman, however, said that "Our government is constantly seeking new information from space, and that includes scanning for radio signals of any kind."

It is not inconceivable that our advanced equipment could pick up a message of this sort. I am just not at liberty to discuss it any further at this point.

-- ALEX JACKSON

# Soviets and Americans join forces to decode desperate call for help


=== Page 9 of 99

Weekly World News 6/24/86

# Bahamian researchers are investigating reports that a UFO saved a family from drowning after their pleasure boat sank in the Devil's Triangle.

Dr. Leopold Stinson told a symposium in Caracas, Venezuela, that the May 5 incident appeared to have all the indications of a verifiable alien encounter.

Stinson quoted the family as having said the UFO rose out of the sea just seconds before their 32-foot boat went under. Incredibly, they claim the starship rescued them by air-dropping a life raft that bore the insignia of the U.S. Air Force.

And it is that raft, said Stinson, that might prove once and for all that an alien intelligence is operating in the Devil's Triangle.

"The raft is a type that was commonly used in the 1950s," he said.

"If we can match the numbers on its side to any plane known to have disappeared in the Triangle in that era, it would suggest that it had been hijacked and stored, perhaps by beings that are not of this world."

Stinson said that the quest to match the numbers could take weeks, months or years owing to the large number of planes that have vanished in the Triangle.

Meanwhile, the investigation will focus on accounts from the rescued family, he said.

"These are very articulate people and they have been quite cooperative," he continued.

"The husband and wife are medical doctors from Brazil. They have two children, both in college."

According to Stinson, the family had been island-hopping in the Caribbean for several months.

They were reportedly on their way to the Bahamas when their boat started taking on water.

"Their own life raft was in an interior compartment and the boat was sinking so fast they couldn't get to it," said Stinson.

"They told me they sent out an SOS over the radio but were certain they were going to die."

The UFO -- golden-colored and shaped like a star -- rose out of the water about 75 yards away, the family said.

"By this time, they were almost out of their minds with fear," said Stinson.

"But they did recall that the UFO crackled and hummed as it cleared the surface and moved toward them. They said the craft came to within 20 or 30 feet of where their boat was sinking and dropped the Air Force raft from its belly.

"They told me the craft hovered overhead for a few seconds, then it vanished in the sky.

"The stunned but grateful family swam to the raft and climbed aboard. Shaken by their terrifying ordeal, they huddled together in the darkness of the vast nighttime sea," added Stinson.

"Their capsized boat slipped noiselessly beneath the ocean's swells and a bizarre silence settled in around the frightened family. They joined hands and prayed. And waited."

About 20 minutes later, the crew of a Bahamian-based sport-fishing boat found the family afloat in the raft and took them ashore, said Stinson.

They reported the incident to authorities, who alerted Stinson's UFO/Devil's Triangle research group.

Carlos Garcia, a science reporter in Caracas, said the reaction of Stinson's colleagues at the symposium was mixed.

"They are anxious to see his report in the journals so they can weigh all the evidence for themselves," he said.

-- RIKI MOSS


=== Page 10 of 99

UFO lowered a life raft to drowning family in bizarre Devil's Triangle incident.

# Alien spacecraft rises from sea to save a drowning family


=== Page 11 of 99

A real-life encounter with a . . .

# SEA MONSTER!

Weekly World News
7/15/86

In a chilling real-life drama rivaling a Hollywood creature feature, dentist Jack Bishop and his friend Ken Bordrie came face to face with a living legend of the deep -- the Chesapeake Bay monster!

The sea creature, affectionately known as Chessie in a parody of Scotland's Nessie of Loch Ness, surfaced in the Tred Avon River off Easton, Md., only 100 yards from a dock where the two men were standing.

"I was showing Jack my new boat when something caught my eye," Bordrie told The NEWS. "At first, I thought it was a big school of fish churning the water. I said something like, 'Hey Jack. Take a look at that.' That's when he saw it."

"It was the most incredible thing I've ever seen," Dr. Bishop said. "It was moving down the river, undulating up and down, not side to side like a snake. I could always see two or three of its sections out of the water and it was moving rather quickly.

"I'd estimate the thing to be at least 20 feet long."

Bishop, who apparently had a better view of Chessie than did Bordrie, said the creature is brownish in color and has a pointed, serpentine head.

"I could see it very clearly," Bishop added. "But I couldn't tell if it was shiny or had any scales. But there isn't any doubt at all what I saw -- it was Chessie.

"It was exciting to see it, not at all terrifying. If I had been alone in a small boat and it came to the surface alongside me, I think then I'd probably get a bit concerned."

In recent years, there have been dozens of sightings of the mysterious sea creature cruising Chesapeake Bay. There were three reported last year alone.

A building contractor and his wife said they spotted "a great big eel" longer than their 24-foot boat. Two watermen said a 35-foot snake or eel circled their boat for about an hour.

And a family of six reported seeing a serpentine creature raise one hump after another above the water while swimming near shore.

Those 1984 reports followed a claim in 1982 that a 30-foot sea beast had actually been videotaped. The tape has been examined by experts and the blurry image is in dispute.

"I'm not certain that what I saw isn't a large snake," Bordrie said. "But, whatever it is, I've never seen anything like it before . . . and I don't think I'll ever see anything like it again."

SEA serpent described by the two men was very similar to this artist's rendition.

# Doctor and friend have a face-to-face meeting with the legendary 'Chessie'

Recall that some years ago I wrote Dr. Max Fogel of Mensa and told him that I would produce a Loch Ness monster in Chesapeake Bay! (I produced a UFO for Dr. Fogel in a [unintelligible] of [unintelligible]. Have his affidavit.


=== Page 12 of 99

'They Dragged Me, Kicking And Screaming'

# Hill Recalls UFO Incident

2.50
9/14/86

THORNTON, N.H. (AP) -- Betty Hill shows no fear as she walks from a back road onto a wide path that leads into the woods, but the first time she remembers being here was different.

"They dragged me, kicking and screaming," she said of kidnappers who she contends blocked the road, took her and her husband, Barney, out of their car and yanked them into the woods to be examined -- in a flying saucer.

The Hills arrived home in Portsmouth 25 years ago today after a drive through the White Mountains, puzzled by stains and tears on Betty's dress, scuffs on Barney's shoes, shiny spots on their car, watches that had stopped and no memory of two hours of the trip.

After the void was filled for them
See Betty Hill on page 8A

Betty Hill stands near the spot where she says she was abducted by aliens.

UFOs Sun Attack 0.5B 9/17/86

# Arctic Ozone Thins, Researchers Baffled

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The unexplained drop-off in ozone concentrations over Antarctica appears to be occurring over the Arctic too, according to a government scientist working on the problem.

The results of work conducted by Don Heath, an atmospheric physicist with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, have not yet been published, and he discussed them in an interview Tuesday with reluctance.

He cautioned that there is no conclusive proof linking man-made chlorofluorocarbons to the ozone decline, as several computer models predict, and another scientist working for an environmental group warned that the polar ozone deficits still could turn out to be natural fluctuations.

Heath's findings, if they hold up, would be the first observations in the Northern Hemisphere to match the discovery of British scientists last year that in the deep night of the polar winter, starting in the 1970s, ozone concentrations over the South Pole have been falling further each year before recovering a month or two later. However, the phenomenon is much smaller in the Arctic.

Last October, the Antarctica deficit was about 40 percent. A special team of scientists has gone to Antarctica for first-hand observations this year.

Ozone, a form of oxygen, is a pollutant at low levels. But between 15 miles and 25 miles above the surface of the earth, it filters out ultraviolet radiation from the sun and makes life on earth possible. Each 1 percent drop in average ozone concentration over the United States will mean 20,000 skin cancers, some scientists have estimated.

It also acts as a "greenhouse" gas, tending to warm the surface of the earth.

Heath said that in the Arctic, ozone concentrations are declining at 1.5 percent to 2 percent per year -- but in February and October the decline accelerates to a rate that would make a year's reduction 2.5 percent if it could be kept up.

These results come from an examination of observations made from 1978 through 1984 by the Nimbus 7 satellite. Similar observations from the same satellite confirmed the British Antarctica discovery.

He said his data was consistent with the latest models "with respect to latitude and seasonal variation, except larger."

# Record sell-off sends Dow into 86.61-point nosedive

It was the biggest one-day point drop in history and it came on record volume.

UFOs in Economy
Trib 9/12/86

By BILL SHELTON
Tribune Business Writer

Tidal waves of selling lashed Wall Street Thursday, sinking stock prices a record 86.61 points on the busiest day in trading history.

The Dow Jones average of 30 industrial stocks plunged to 1,792.89, shattering the previous biggest one-day loss of 61.87 points set July 7.

The drop was the fifth daily decline in as many trading days, all of which have been pinned on the expectation of rising interest rates.

Just two weeks ago, investors had been forecasting continued downward pressure on interest rates because of sluggishness in the economy. But in the last week, some upbeat statistics -- namely, a drop in unemployment in August -- have precipitated renewed concern about rising inflation and interest rates.

The concern seemed to snowball among investors, culminating in the wild sell-off Thursday.

The decline was accelerated by computerized trading programs that are increasingly being used by large institutional investors to buy and sell huge portfolios of securities quickly.

See MARKET, Page 5A


=== Page 13 of 99

# Worries Over Air Controllers Rise

WASHINGTON (AP) -- Commercial airline pilots, whose assurances about safe skies five years ago helped the government blunt an illegal strike by air traffic controllers, now say they're increasingly worried about controller performance.

"The air traffic control system is safe," John O'Brien of the Air Line Pilots Association told a congressional hearing Thursday. "But we're concerned about what appears to be a general reduction in the inherent margin of safety."

His remarks on behalf of the union which represents 39,900 pilots at 46 airlines came after representatives of the Federal Aviation Administration insisted that controllers are keeping order in the skies.

"It's the best system in the world. It's safe today," said Walter Luffsey, who as the FAA's associate administrator for air traffic oversees the agency's 14,168 controllers, controller assistants and trainees.

While pilots still stop short of declaring the airways unsafe, they also are not eager to embrace the FAA's rosy assessment.

The air traffic system "is not as healthy as the FAA would like us to believe," O'Brien told the House human resources subcommittee. He said pilots frequently complain to ALPA headquarters that too often they sense the inexperience and pressure on controllers, particularly at busy airports and en route control centers.

Edward Landers, a 26-year veteran pilot, complained of "a lack of professionalism, a lack of experience" among some controllers.

Landers said he was the co-pilot on a Boeing 747 jumbo jet that came within 500 feet of colliding with a Boeing 727 flown by Continental Airlines over the Boston area last May 8.

The Northwest Airlines jumbo jet, on a flight from London with 182 people aboard, had been told by a controller at the Boston traffic control center to hold at 12,000 feet, but the Continental aircraft was cleared to descend from 15,000 to 11,000, according to FAA and industry officials.

There have been other incidents that have caught pilots' attention and concern:

- [ ] A USAir pilot averted a collision with an American Airlines Boeing 727 on the runway at O'Hare International Airport last month only by lifting the nose of his aircraft early during takeoff. The controller had given both planes virtually simultaneous takeoff clearance, although they were on intersecting runways.
- [ ] A Northwest Airlines DC-10 last year missed another Northwest DC-10 on the runway at Minneapolis last year by 50 feet because of controller confusion. A controller also was blamed for a near collision of a helicopter.

# Teams to study ozone 'hole' over South Pole

By WARREN E. LEARY
AP Science Writer

WASHINGTON -- Teams of scientists will soon make an unusual trip into the perpetual darkness of Antarctic winter to study a mysterious and alarming "hole" in part of the atmosphere that protects the Earth from harmful solar radiation.

Four groups of researchers will use high-altitude balloons and sophisticated instruments in an effort to find out what causes the annual appearance of a hole the size of the continental United States in a layer of the stratosphere above the South Pole.

Six ski-equipped transport planes will make the 2,100-mile trip from New Zealand in August, a hazardous flight journey normally restricted to personnel essential for the seasonal opening of the main U.S. base on McMurdo Sound and a few scientists conducting crucial experiments.

Because of the importance of the atmospheric studies, the 13 scientists will be on one of the first flights to the winter-locked McMurdo base, the National Science Foundation announced Sunday.

The foundation, which supervises all U.S. activities in Antarctica, said the researchers will examine the recently discovered phenomenon of a drastic drop in the total amount of ozone each spring over the frozen continent.

A form of oxygen that exists in small amounts throughout the atmosphere, ozone also is concentrated 15 miles above the Earth in the stratosphere.

Ozone is critical because it screens out almost all of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation. Scientists say a drop in ozone would increase the incidence of skin cancer, possibly harm plant life and cause a number of other adverse effects.

Concern about the ozone layer surfaced a decade ago when scientists suggested it was being depleted by use of certain fertilizers and chlorofluorocarbon chemicals used as refrigerants in cooling systems and propellants in aerosol sprays. The concerns led to restrictions on use of some of these chemicals.

Scientists say the Antarctic episodes do not appear to be an immediate threat to worldwide ozone levels because no completely empty hole has appeared, only a relatively small proportion of the ozone layer is affected, and each incident lasts only a month.

However, there is concern because the phenomenon may be a prelude to more widespread events and because scientists have no atmospheric model to explain or predict what is happening.

Scientists with the British Antarctic Survey, reviewing past data, last year announced discovery of the ozone low occurring each October, with the drop starting at the end of September and ending at the beginning of November, when levels returned to normal.

The British researchers said October ozone values remained steady for the most part from 1957 until about 1975, when they started to drop drastically.

The new research is primarily sponsored by a coalition of government agencies.

University of Wyoming researchers will launch 33 large balloons carrying instruments to measure ozone and aerosols, while a team from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration will look at the scattering of solar visible light by atmospheric constituents.

A group from the State University of New York at Stony Brook will use microwave measuring equipment to determine molecular gases in the air, and a team from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., is to examine how atmospheric gases absorb solar infrared radiation.


=== Page 14 of 99

# There's A Hole In The Ozone

BY JAMES GLEICK
The New York Times

UFO Sun Attack 0.5B 9/14/86

NEW YORK

Atmospheric scientists are struggling to explain one of the strangest mysteries ever to confront them: a widening and potentially dangerous hole in the ozone layer over the South Pole.

Putting forward a series of theories, and unsatisfied by all of them, the scientists are now making final preparations for a rare research expedition that will fly into the dead of the Antarctic winter in three weeks. At the same time, biologists are reporting heightened concern over the possible dangers to humans and ocean life from even small increases in ultraviolet radiation, which ozone blocks.

Concern has intensified steadily since last fall, when scientists were stunned by satellite data showing the magnitude of the hole, which appears each September and October. The depletion is many times worse than has been predicted over the last 15 years amid concern over the global effects on ozone of manmade gases, such as fluorocarbons.

By flying four teams with advanced instrumentation into the American base on McMurdo Sound -- ordinarily closed to traffic in winter except for maintenance flights -- the scientists hope to distinguish between two extreme possibilities.

The hole could be a transient climate phenomenon that will go away by itself. Or it could be caused by manmade pollution, in which case it could continue to widen, reaching populated areas of South America, Australia and southern Africa, and appear at the North Pole as well.

"It's like rolling dice," said Michael B. McElroy of Harvard University's Center for Earth and Planetary Physics. "The big money question is if what's happening in Antartica is likely to be a foretaste of what might happen in the northern region."

The mystery has renewed worldwide interest in the overall ozone problem, which began in 1971 with fears over gases released by supersonic jets and spray cans. The United States banned fluorocarbons in spray cans in 1978, and a few European countries followed suit, but global production for uses ranging from air-conditioners to foam has continued to grow.

All the predictions assumed that such gases in the stratosphere would result in a steady, gradual, global depletion of ozone. Now scientists find themselves forced to confront a sudden, highly localized hemorrhaging of ozone that none of their calculations or computer models predicted. Instead of declining a few percent over decades, the Antarctic ozone has plunged 40 percent since 1979.

"On the one hand, it's very exhilarating and challenging, and on the other, it's frustrating and scary -- scary because it's hard to place your bets with any confidence," said Ralph J. Cicerone of the National Center for Atmospheric Research.

Ozone is an unstable form of oxygen with molecules of three atoms instead of the usual two. In the upper atmosphere, it forms and breaks down continuously in chemical processes that have proved sensitive to the presence of other rare gases. These gases often serve as catalysts to hasten the breakdown.

The Antarctic hole appears 8 to 16 miles up, at the end of winter as the spring sun rises briefly over the horizon. By the end of November, the ozone levels recover. Each year, though, the hole has expanded, in 1985 reaching a size equivalent to the area of the United States.

When the ozone is thin, the ultraviolet radiation reaching the ground in Antartica would produce a tan even in the low, pale October sun, a level that over populated areas would sharply increase the incidence of skin cancer. And some scientists believe that it would wipe out some vulnerable plankton and fish larvae floating near the ocean surface. The latest studies confirm that light in the short ultraviolet wavelengths acts as a "stress," killing aquatic life, diminishing crop yields and producing cancers.


=== Page 15 of 99

The initial report of the hole by British scientists in March 1985 caused little excitement, partly because the British team in Antarctica was not well known among atmospheric scientists. Also, since their data came from ground instruments measuring the ozone in a direct line upward, they did not show the extent of the hole.

But later last year, scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration produced satellite data confirming the British findings and showing how big the hole was. NASA scientists found that the depletion of ozone was so severe that the computer analyzing the data had been suppressing it, having been programmed to assume that deviations so extreme must be errors. The scientists had to go back and reprocess the data going back to 1979.

"Just as an earthquake precedes volcanic eruptions, this could be a signal of something worse," said Mark Schoeberl, a NASA scientist at the Goddard Space Flight Center. "It could be the leading edge of something more detrimental. It could expand outward to more populated areas. We just don't know right now."

As the Antarctic expedition prepares for departure, new theories are emerging, all speculative and none completely convincing. Some use chains of chemical reactions to link the hole to the gradual depletion already observed. Others explain the hole in terms of cyclical atmospheric processes that have no relation to manmade gases.

The atmosphere high over the Antarctic is the coldest place on earth, 15 or 20 degrees colder than over the North Pole. The difference comes from asymmetries in the flow of the atmosphere's weather systems.

Some climate experts believe a change in the ordinary dynamical motions of waves and cyclones in the upper atmosphere might cause the hole. For example, an upwelling of air over the pole could push aside the layer of the stratosphere with the most ozone, replacing it with low-ozone air from lower altitudes. Current climate models do not produce this effect, but they do not rule it out, either.

A dynamical explanation implies that the hole may have come and gone in the past, before it could be measured. Even so, to be convincing, such an explanation needs to answer the question: Why now?

One theory ties the hole to volcanic particles that have built up in the polar atmosphere. The particles could be heated by the sun, causing the upwelling. Another theory suggests that the dynamics could be affected by a change in solar activity.

Jerry Mahlman, director of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory in Princeton, N.J., is one of those who favor a dynamical explanation, although he believes all the existing theories suffer from a level of evidence "somewhere between minuscule and nonexistent." The hole points to shortcomings in the existing computer models used to make predictions about the earth's climate, he said, but it does not necessarily confirm the worst ozone warnings of the last decade.

"You could say, 'Aha, we've found the great smoking gun,'" Mahlman said.

"But the chemistry does not really match up. So far there's a lot of wishful handwaving." He has bet a Chinese lunch that ozone levels will rise again this year.

On the other hand, McElroy of Harvard favors a chemical explanation, and he put one forward last month in the journal Nature.

The manmade gases that break down ozone include, most prominently, chlorine, formerly released by spray cans and now by a host of industrial processes. McElroy's theory relies on another element as well: bromine, a much rarer gas used in specialized fire extinguishing equipment.

In the sequence of chemical reactions he proposes, very small amounts of bromine produce very large ozone depletion.

If this theory is correct, policy-makers might find that strictly controlling bromine would be more effective than controlling chlorine.

Because the UFO Sun Attack is escalating exponentially with passage of time - causing record heat, cold, and other freak weather effects, including the ozone holes over the Arctic and South pole.


=== Page 16 of 99

All the theories make specific predictions about the polar atmosphere that should be testable -- hence the Antarctic expedition, announced by the National Science Foundation.

"You know how much excitement this is causing in scientific circles and industry and government," said Cicerone of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. "But so far the only people who are sure of themselves are not convincing their colleagues. Most of these theories will bite the dust."

Thirteen researchers will join the 130 people already wintering at the McMurdo base.

They will launch a series of 33 balloons with high-atmosphere measuring instruments. And they will use an assortment of advanced ground instruments including various spectrometers, capable of detecting the minute quantities of various chemical byproducts whose existence is predicted by the various theories.

The spectrometers measure the scattered wavelengths of sunlight and moonlight, in effect, letting the sun and moon interrogate the atmosphere.

The scientists come from the State University of New York at Stony Brook, the University of Wyoming, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Aeronomy Laboratory in Boulder, Colo.

"This is one of the most challenging things that we've ever come across in atmospheric chemistry," said Susan Solomon of the Aeronomy Laboratory, who is the team leader of the expedition.

"Whatever the source is, we need to understand it because this is a change in the ozone that's of absolutely unprecedented proportions."

"We've just never seen anything like what we're experiencing in the Antarctic."

Her own theory, also put forward in Nature, is chemical, relying on some complicated interactions of chlorine and sunlight.

Meanwhile, biologists have been stepping up research since the 1970s on how ultraviolet light affects living organisms.

The most recent results, reported at a conference last month in Washington, carry implications for plankton, crops and people.

That ultraviolet light causes skin cancer in humans is well known. The wavelengths screened by ozone happen to be precisely the wavelengths absorbed by DNA.

When the radiation is absorbed, it turns to heat, which can damage or destroy cells.

Less well understood, but long suspected, is that organisms living near the ocean surface may be killed in minutes by increased ultraviolet light, and farm crops, too, can be harmed.

Scientists have been testing these effects in experiments with lamps intensified in the short wavelengths, like the sunlamps used in tanning salons, and also with lasers.

**DISAPPEARING OZONE**

Over South Pole, a hole in stratospheric ozone has expanded to cover an area as large as the United States. It is ozone that protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

Africa

Australia

Antarctica

South America

Right. And the destruction of phytoplankton with resultant loss of oxygen for humans will affect the entire human race. My advice? Give the UFOs their base, which is what this is all about.


=== Page 17 of 99

Heat still searing the Southeast; Plains cities reach record highs

United Press International

Temperatures climbed toward the 100-degree mark across the South and southern Plains Wednesday, forcing record power use and water rationing in many cities and stalling cars on roads buckled by the scorching heat.

The heat rose to 110 in some places in the South and southern Plains, where record highs were set in 16 cities Tuesday. At midday Wednesday, the heat toppled records in at least five cities, including Wichita, Kan., where it was 108 degrees, and Springfield, Mo., and Little Rock, Ark., where the temperature soared to 107.

At least 66 deaths in the South and Midwest have been blamed on the heat since July 7.

Record temperatures above 100 returned to the Southeast where the heat has aggravated the worst drought in a century. Farm losses have been put at more than $1 billion in the South.

The weather service's 90-day outlook released Tuesday called for above-normal temperatures in the Southeast through the end of October.

So many people were using air-conditioning that electric consumption broke records in Kansas and Texas, officials said.

In Little Rock and Memphis, Tenn., officials opened air-conditioned "cooling shelters" for the elderly.

San Antonio, Texas, officials issued a "heat emergency" advisory, extending operating hours of recreation centers and nutrition centers for the elderly. The city also asked employers to "be sensitive to the needs of employees working outdoors."

In Oklahoma City, officials banned outdoor water use.

In Ward, Ark., city officials threatened to cut water service to people who continue to use water in non-essential ways like watering lawns and washing cars.

In Springfield, Mo., police said they received an increase in domestic calls and blamed them on the heat.

"Tempers tend to escalate as the temperatures rise, especially since it's been hot so many days in a row," said Judy Boesch, communication clerk for the department.

Soviets postpone shuttle launch

WASHINGTON -- The Soviet Union has postponed its first manned space-shuttle flight a year -- until early 1988 -- setting up a close race with the United States for the next such mission, according to a Swedish media organization.

The report by the Space Media Network accompanied new satellite photographs released by the group showing construction of the Soviet shuttle site.

Rain Comes Too Late To Help Dixie

Continued from page 1A

In addition to the drought, the heat is killing poultry. About 610,000 broilers have died in Georgia in the last 13 days, said Abit Massey, executive director of the Georgia Poultry Federation. Georgia's $6 billion-a-year poultry industry is losing about $5 million a week, he said.

"It's horrible," Val Johnson, an Ohio woman traveling in South Carolina, said about the heat. "You see these skinny cattle standing in pastures that are all brown instead of green. The creeks are all dry and even weeds are brown."

The effects of the drought and heat already are being felt outside the region, according to Massachusetts Agriculture Department spokesman Christopher Phillips. New England produce prices have jumped 15 percent to 25 percent since mid-June, he said, while beef and pork prices have fallen 5 percent since last year, partly because farmers are selling starving animals as hay supplies drop.

A 100-car train was to be loaded today in Indianapolis with 1,800 tons of hay donated by more than 120 Indiana farms. CSX Transportation Inc. donated use of the train, and it should be ready for the trip to South Carolina on Monday.

Indiana Bell and American Telephone & Telegraph Co. are donating services to coordinators of the program, said AT&T spokesman Greg Allen.

Lee Webster of Webster Trucking Co. in Donovan, Ill., said he would offer the services of some of his drivers to deliver donated hay.

"We never go as far as Georgia except once in a blue moon," said Webster. "We've been farmers most of our lives and the situation down there is really desperate. Somebody has to do something."

A 43-truck Ohio National Guard convoy loaded with donated hay will set out Aug. 2 for Fort Bragg, N.C., Gov. Richard Celeste said.

Ohio farmers have donated more than 4,000 tons; Wisconsin farmers about 45,000 bales, or about 1,125 tons; New York farmers have donated some 13,000 bales, and Kentucky organized a shipment of 50,000 bales, officials said.

In Georgia, about 40 cattlemen waiting at the Atlanta Farmers Market got 50 bales each from Illinois on Wednesday. Twenty-five others were turned away when the hay, flown in by Air Force cargo planes, ran out after four hours.

First in line was Dale Banford of Winder, who waited 18 hours because he has had to feed his 60 beef cattle apples and stale bread. "There ain't no words to describe what this hay means to me," he said.

Georgia farmers will need 2 million tons of hay to feed their cattle through spring, state Agriculture Commissioner Tommy Irvin said.

Damage in Georgia is estimated at $182.5 million; in North Carolina $400 million; South Carolina $100 million; Virginia $61.5 million; Maryland $89 million; and West Virginia $15 million.

UFO watcher: We are not alone

FORT WALTON BEACH (UPI) -- Donald Ware, a 50-year-old retired Air Force lieutenant colonel with a master's degree in nuclear engineering, believes we are not alone.

"I believe our planet is being watched right now and has been for thousands of years," said the state president of Mutual Unidentified Flying Objects Network, a 17-year-old nationwide organization keeping tabs on UFOs and alien encounters.

Ware said he first became interested in extraterrestrials when, at the age of 17, he spotted a UFO in the skies above Washington, D.C. He went on to fly 100 combat missions in the Vietnam War and retired after 26 years with the Air Force in 1983.

Since then, Ware spends much of his time on UFOs, lecturing to civic and community organizations and giving a broad view of the phenomenon.

"Some of these things are absolutely weird," Ware said. "There's no explanation, and you can't hit somebody with too many thoughts. It involves too many thoughts that generally aren't accepted."

Ware said his personal appearances and a United Press International article about him last year have brought forward people who have seen UFOs but did not know how or where to report them.

"MUFON looks at the phenomenon as a study of advanced science," Ware said, adding the organization's consultants have doctorate degrees in 40 different fields.

Members have their own specialties, and Ware is investigating the strange writings associated with suspected aliens. He is gathering samples for analysis in what he expects to be a 10-year project.


=== Page 18 of 99

NASA Source Says No Shuttle Flights Until '88

UFOs vs Space Trek 0.5B

6/28/86

SPACE CENTER, Houston (AP) -- The space shuttles probably will not be ready to fly again until early 1988 because of the testing required to qualify a new solid fuel booster rocket design, an authoritative NASA source said Friday.

The source, who spoke on condition he not be identified, said a requalification of the booster system may require three full-scale tests "that will extend the program out some number of months."

The Rogers presidential commission which investigated the January explosion of the shuttle Challenger blamed it on a failed joint between segments of one of the two boosters and ordered that the whole booster system be analyzed and redesigned.

The source said engineers from the Marshall Spaceflight Center in Huntsville, Ala., and from Morton Thiokol, the Utah manufacturer of the rocket engines, have settled on two prime candidates for the redesign.

John Taylor, a spokesman at Marshall, said he could not confirm that engineers had selected prime candidate designs for correcting problems with the booster. He said John Thomas, head of the NASA redesign team, would hold a news conference Wednesday to give a status report on the redesign work.

James Fletcher, administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, announced earlier this year that the agency was aiming at a July 1987 target date for the first launch of a shuttle since the shuttle Challenger exploded in January.

But the NASA source said a redesign engineering team has determined that the work will take longer than first anticipated.

"The July 1987 launch date is just not doable," he said. "We could have delivery of the new boosters in the fall of 1987, which would probably put the launch into early 1988." Both the Marshall and Thiokol redesign proposals call for incorporation into the rocket joint of a feature that would use the rocket's internal pressure to force the joint closed.

The Rogers commission concluded that the booster could have failed because internal pressure from the burning solid fuel forced the joint open, causing failure of two O-ring gaskets intended to seal the joint. Superheated exhaust gases jetting through the joint then sprayed against the shuttle's huge external fuel tank.

# Uranus activity stuns scientists

By LEE SIEGEL
AP Science Writer

Trib
6/27/86

PASADENA, Calif. -- The Voyager 2 spacecraft's study of Uranus suggests that the planet's magnetic field might be reversing, an astonishing flip-flop in magnetic north and south poles never before witnessed, NASA says.

"What we may be seeing is a magnetic field in the process of flipping," said Ellis Miner, deputy Voyager project scientist at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

While sea-floor rocks show that Earth's magnetic field has reversed at least nine times during the past 3½ million years, most recently 730,000 years ago, humans have never witnessed a field reversal on any planet, said Mario Acuna, an astrophysicist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md.

Miner and Acuna emphasized that a flip-flop in Uranus' magnetic field is only one possible explanation for bizarre observations made by Voyager when the spacecraft flew past the seventh planet from the sun in January.

## Evidence suggests a reversal of the planet's magnetic field. Is it a giant UFO that "flip-flops"?

Owens

Another, previously debated theory is that the planet's strange magnetic field was created as an indirect result of an Earth-sized object smashing into it and tipping it on its side early in the solar system's history.

The possibility that the Uranian magnetic field is reversing is outlined in the July 4 issue of the journal Science, to be released today. The issue contains the first published studies from Voyager's Uranus flyby.

Understanding Uranus' magnetic field is important because it helps scientists learn about Earth's magnetic field, which allows compass navigation, keeps out harmful radiation and possibly affects climate, said David Stevenson, a planetary scientist at California Institute of Technology.

A planet spins around its rotational poles. Uranus' rotational poles point toward and away from the sun, parallel to the plane of its orbit around the sun. The rotational poles of all the other planets are like Earth's, perpendicular to the orbital plane.

The magnetic poles are different from the rotational poles on all planets except Saturn. On Earth, the magnetic north pole is tilted about 11 degrees away from the rotational north pole, so compasses point to magnetic north, not true north.

On Uranus, the magnetic poles are tilted 60 degrees away from the rotational poles. That tilt, along with signs that Uranus' magnetic field isn't centered in the middle of the planet, provides evidence that the planet's magnetic field is reversing, Acuna and others wrote in Science.

Because Voyager studied Uranus only once, another mission to the planet would be required to determine if the strange tilt and offset of its magnetic field means it truly is reversing, Miner said.

Do you sense a connection between this anomaly and the North and South poles ozone holes?

5


=== Page 19 of 99

# Layoffs expected at space center

UFOs - Space work

## Shuttle launch delays may cost 1,000 Kennedy Space Center workers their jobs this week.

Trib 9/3/86

CAPE CANAVERAL (UPI) -- The space agency this week is expected to announce 800 to 1,000 workers at the Kennedy Space Center will be laid off because of the Challenger disaster and the delay in shuttle launches, sources said Wednesday.

In addition, another 700 to 800 workers at a Louisiana plant where shuttle fuel tanks are built will receive pink slips by Oct. 3, according to Martin Marietta, the firm in charge of fuel tank construction.

A company statement said the layoffs were necessary because of "reduced demand for space shuttle external fuel tanks and resulting decreased production. The reduced production was directed by NASA after reviewing ... program needs related to the temporary suspension of shuttle flights."

The space agency tentatively planned to hold a news conference today to discuss employment at the Kennedy Space Center.

Widespread layoffs among contractor personnel at the Florida shuttleport have been expected for months and Aviation Week & Space Technology magazine reported two weeks ago some 1,100 workers at the Florida shuttleport would lose their jobs in October.

Some 1,150 workers were laid off in February because of the Challenger accident and previously announced completion of several spaceport projects, including modifications to launch pad 39A, where Challenger began its last voyage.

But those cuts were based on a 12-month delay for resumption of shuttle flights. In July, Rear Adm. Richard Truly, chief of the shuttle program, told Congress he did not expect shuttle flights to resume before the first quarter of 1988 and more layoffs were inevitable.

# 'Snake-bit' NASA to try launch

Recall the pro football teams I used to harass with psi-force effects and sports writers used to write that the teams seemed to be "snakebit."

The secret cargo atop the Delta rocket is believed to be components of Star Wars.

* NASA lays off 1,000 -- 1E

By WILLIAM HARWOOD
UPI Science Writer

UFOs in Space
Work
Trib 9/5/86

CAPE CANAVERAL -- A Delta rocket was secretly readied for blastoff today to carry a Star Wars satellite payload into orbit in the first major American launch attempt since an identical Delta failed in May, sources said Thursday.

The 116-foot rocket was scheduled to take off at an unannounced hour today, according to space industry sources who spoke on condition they not be identified. NASA will not discuss any aspects of the classified mission.

The launch comes in a climate of crisis for the American space program, which has suffered three major failures this year beginning with the destruction of the shuttle Challenger on Jan. 28. An unmanned Air Force Titan 34D rocket blew up seconds after blastoff April 18 and a Delta was destroyed May 3.

In addition, two research rockets have been destroyed and a Minuteman missile was blown up after a launch malfunction for a total of six rocket failures in the nation's most disastrous year in space in two decades.

Rep. Bill Nelson, D-Fla., who flew aboard the shuttle Columbia in January, told a group of lawyers in Miami that NASA desperately needs a success.

"We need a successful Delta launch," he said. "It is carrying a high-security payload for the Defense Department. NASA has been snake bit, but I'm hoping within the next 24 hours we will have a triumphant success."

The $42 million Delta's hush-hush payload is thought to be a dual satellite experiment to test new space tracking systems, a key element in the Strategic Defense Initiative or Star Wars missile defense program.

Tracking systems are a crucial element in the Star Wars missile defense proposal because any battle stations ultimately deployed in orbit would have to detect, track and fire on thousands of targets in the event of a full-scale nuclear attack.

Delta No. 178 was blown up by Air Force safety officers 91 seconds after blastoff May 3 after its first-stage main engine shut down prematurely and sent the rocket into a destructive supersonic tumble. Lost in the disaster was a $57.5 million GOES weather satellite.

The failure later was blamed on an apparent short circuit in the electrical system that controlled the first-stage engine's fuel valves, but no solid evidence on why the short circuit occurred has been found.

(13-3)


=== Page 20 of 99

Fuel leak delays satellite launch
UFO vs Space Work 8/26/86
VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. - A liquid oxygen leak that could make a booster rocket explode in flight has forced the 14th delay in the launch of a $37.3 million weather satellite, officials said Monday.

The launch of the NOAA-G satellite aboard an Atlas E rocket, which had been planned for Saturday, was rescheduled to Sept. 7, although the date could slip further if a test today finds the leak hasn't been repaired, said National Aeronautics and Space Administration spokesman Jim Elliott.

He said the launch originally was scheduled for August or September 1985 from Vandenberg.

UFO vs Space Work 8/28/86
NASA rocket blown up
WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE, N.M. - A small rocket carrying a scientific payload for NASA was destroyed 50 seconds after launch because its guidance system failed, officials said Wednesday.

The destruction of the 40-foot Aries rocket was the latest in a series of American space rocket failures that began with the loss of the space shuttle Challenger and its seven-member crew on Jan. 28.

The rocket carried an X-ray telescope intended to study distant stellar objects.

UFO vs Space Work 8/29/86
Faulty ICBM blown up in test flight
VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. (AP) - The Air Force blew up an unarmed intercontinental ballistic missile Thursday when problems developed during a test flight over the Pacific Ocean, officials said.

It was the second failure of an American rocket in six days and the sixth since the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger Jan. 28.

The Minuteman 3 missile, designed to carry warheads to three targets, lifted off from an underground silo at 7:04 a.m. for its 4,200-mile flight to the Kwajalein Atoll, said Fred Bolinger, a spokesman for the Strategic Aerospace Division at Vandenberg.

"An anomaly occurred during the flight which caused the early termination," Bolinger said. "The destruct signal was sent well into the missile's 30-minute test flight."

It was not disclosed how close the missile got to its target, its altitude when it was destroyed or if the debris would be retrieved from the ocean.

The 60-foot-tall, 78,000-pound missile flies at up to 15,000 mph. Technicians triggered a charge on its side "to rapidly burn a hole through the missile's exterior, allowing propellants to explode," he said.

A team of Air Force and Department of Defense contractor engineers was investigating, and a cause had not been determined.

UFO vs Space Work 8/29/86
Unarmed Minuteman Missile Has Problems, Is Blown Up In Flight
VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. (AP) - The Air Force said it destroyed an unarmed Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile when undisclosed problems occurred on a test flight to the western Pacific.

"An anomaly occurred during the flight which caused the early termination," Tech Sgt. Fred Bolinger, a spokesman for the 1st Strategic Aerospace Division at Vandenberg, said Thursday. "The destruct signal was sent well into the missile's 30-minute test flight."

It was not disclosed how close the 60-foot-tall, 78,000-pound missile got to its target, its altitude when it was destroyed or if the debris would be retrieved from the ocean.

Shuttle Cuts May Cost Sacrifices In Science
UFO vs Space Work 9/1/86
WASHINGTON (AP) - A top NASA official said Friday that the nation's space program is a mess in the wake of the Challenger accident and that 63 or fewer shuttle flights will be made through 1992 instead of the 145 that had been planned.

Burt Edelson, who has charge of space science for the agency, said 50 of the flights in the seven years beginning with 1986 were to have carried scientific experiments "but it looks like we'll get at most 19."

"Those are big numbers," he told an American Astronautical Society luncheon. "We are going to get about 40 percent of what we thought we were going to get."

All shuttle flights were suspended after the Jan. 28 explosion that killed all seven of Challenger's astronauts and destroyed the ship. The most optimistic estimate of flight resumption is February 1988.

Some of the payloads that had been scheduled for 1991 and 1992 will be delayed, Edelson said, and others will be carried on expendable launch vehicles instead of the shuttle.

"But many we will have to terminate - cancel," he said. "Those are tough words to use."

Edelson said decisions are still being made and that the space agency is not sure how much money it will get from Congress in the next two years.

"We are going to have to bite into our program significantly," he said. "Eleven major Spacelab missions we will either cancel or provide no funding."

Most spacelab missions consist of a pallet of scientific experiments mounted in the shuttle's cargo bay and sharing space with satellites that are launched. A few Spacelab missions take up the entire cargo bay with a pressurized module in which astronauts work, and most of those are not thought to be among the ones to be canceled.

Experiments called "free flyers" because they are cast loose from the shuttle and, in most cases, retrieved, will be delayed 30 months, Edelson said. Attached payloads in life sciences and astrophysics will be delayed 40 months.

D-4


=== Page 21 of 99

Trwin Derhans is remembered
Challenger fallout
When the shuttle exploded, plans for America's space station started unraveling. It's back to the drawing board.
UFOz un Stance Wate Til 9/9/86
By PAUL RECER Associated Press
SPACE CENTER, Houston - America's space station exists only in volumes of draw- ings, miles of computer tape and the minds of engineers who still disagree over it.
But by 1994, NASA plans to have a struc- ture as long as one-and-two-thirds football fields orbiting 280 miles above the Earth, and housing eight crew members for up to 90 days. The goal is to have astronauts in a space out- post for science every day of the year.
The cost: about $10 billion, 80 percent from the United States, the rest from Canada, Japan and the European Space Agency.
As with nearly every plan in the American space program, the space station has been sent back to the drawing board by the Chal- lenger explosion. The loss of one of the na- tion's four shuttles has crippled plans to launch, supply and maintain the space station.
And the accident gave new clout to inter- nal critics of the safety of the station's design just when the space agency was ready to draft final plans.
In 1984, President Reagan set a national goal of opening a permanent space station by 1994. Since then, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration defined uses for the sta- tion and spent a year refining its design. Final design and construction remain to be done.
The current design calls for two 361-foot vertical booms connected by two 146-foot booms to form a rectangle. A transverse boom through the middle of the rectangle and ex- tending out on either side would measure 503 feet. Attached to the center of the transverse boom would be two 44-foot-long modules, each
13 feet in diameter. These modules, connected by tunnels, would house crew quarters and a laboratory. A 24-foot supply craft would be docked to the station and exchanged every 90 days.
Japan is to build a laboratory module; the European Space Agency, a laboratory and two orbiting platforms.
The shuttle could dock at either of two ports. Other spacecraft and platforms would link up at five locations on the booms. Robot arms would manuever payloads.
NASA's plans call for space-walking astro- nauts working as orbiting steeplejacks to build the latticework of booms from components de-
livered by the shuttle, It was thought 15 shuttle flights would be needed to lift the parts into orbit.
When Challenger exploded on Jan. 28. these plans started unraveling. In June, astro- naut Gordon Fullerton completed a report out- lining serious safety flaws. He pointed out the station had no "life boat" - a crew would be stranded there if the shuttles were grounded again.
Fullerton said it would take 672 hours of space-walking to assemble the station, and 391 space-walking hours each year to maintain it. No other project has required so much of this
very risky activity.
And Fullerton noted that design changes resulting from the Challenger accident will re- duce the weight the shuttle can lift. This will force NASA to use five more flights to assem- ble the station.
It was time to return to the drawing board, so there are 55 NASA experts huddled at the Langley center reviewing the project.
Andrew J. Stofan, recently appointed space station chief, said the review is concen- trating on reducing the space-walking and on launching the parts with the reduced shuttle payload.
Cold Canadian air blast sends mercury plummeting in Plains
Associated Press! UFO Sun AMlack 9/9/56 Temperatures sank to record lows Monday from the central Plains into the Northeast as a strong high pressure system pulled Octo- ber-like chilly air out of Canada.
At least 30 cities broke or tied their records with temperatures in the low 40s and 30s in South Dakota, New York, Illinois, Missouri, Michi- gan, Iowa, Indiana, Wisconsin, Ohio, Nebraska, Pennsylvania and Kan- sas.
And in the South, Huntsville, Ala., posted a record low of 58.
Records that had been on the books since 1883 fell at Chicago, 43; Madison, Wis., 37; and Moline, Ill., 38; and Dubuque, Iowa, tied its record set that year at 37. The low of 43 at Kansas City (Mo.) Interna- tional Airport took a full 10 degrees off the former record.
Pittsburgh's low of 37 degrees was the coldest for any Sept. 8 since 1870, when record-keeping started, The weather service said.
7 "The significant thing is that it's
never been this cold this early in the fall before," said forecaster Lou Giordano.
It was also the coolest for so early in the season at Indianapolis, which chilled to 38.
In Pennsylvania's northern mountains, the town of Kane had an overnight low of 28 degrees, one of the coldest spots in the nation, ex- cluding Alaska, according to the Na- tional Weather Service.
"With that high pressure system we also have dry air and because there are few clouds at night there's a cooling factor," Giordano said. "The dew point, which is a measure of the humidity at ground level, also is exceptionally low for this time of year. The dew point was 36 this morning and it's usually around 50."
13-5


=== Page 22 of 99

Irwin perhaps is remembered

# Shuttle disaster: Dreams died, too

By PAUL RECER
AP Aerospace Writer

SPACE CENTER, Houston -- The elite crew that flies America's space machines has not been spared the shock and the self-examination that jolted NASA after the Challenger disaster.

The accident grounded the shuttle fleet and sent the National Aeronautics and Space Administration into an agony of scrutiny, both from within and without.

In one moment, 5 percent of the nation's trained space explorers were gone. For the astronauts left behind, there was grief and anger, followed by a growing realization that many of their own dreams also died when Challenger exploded 74 seconds into its Jan. 28 flight.

Six astronauts have since left the corps, and at least two others are preparing to go. One died in an airplane accident, and another has been removed from flight status.

From an exclusive club that once numbered 102, the astronaut ranks have been reduced to 88, and the number is slipping.

Some, like Owen Garriott, 56, who resigned June 12 after 20 years, are leaving because they no longer want to wait for another space flight.

"There's no question that the long delay in the flight schedule is the primary reason that I've decided I'd rather be in space activities on the outside than wait for the possibility of another flight," Garriott said.

Garriott made two flights. He had been scheduled to make a science flight this year, but that was scrubbed after the disaster.

"It will be at least a year and a half before the first flight," Garriott said, "and another year or two beyond that before we're flying a science mission."

James van Hoften, 42, a two-flight veteran who is leaving next month, said the waiting also shaped his thinking.

"If I were to wait two or three more years, I would have one more flight," he said, "but people (in industry) aren't interested in how many times you have flown.

"At my age, I feel I'm at a perfect time to transition into a whole new line of work," said van Hoften, who is going to work for Bechtel Inc. in San Francisco.

Robert Overmyer, 49, resigned June 1, saying, "Opportunities on the outside were more appealing to me than they were in the government."

Overmyer, who retired as an Air Force colonel, was caught in an economic reality that affects all senior military astronauts.

Astronauts are not promoted beyond the rank of colonel in the Air Force, Army or Marine Corps, or beyond captain in the Navy. The military astronaut must return to regular military service to advance in rank, or face mandatory retirement.

Some have chosen to leave the military and take civilian astronaut jobs, which carry a big pay cut. A Navy captain in the astronaut corps receives about $58,700 annually, counting flight pay and housing allowances. A civilian astronaut without a medical degree starts at $42,653. A medical degree adds about $8,000 to the civilian rate.

To private industry, particularly aerospace industries, astronauts are prized employees. One recently retired astronaut said he was routinely receiving $4,000 for five days of consulting work.

Private industry, of course, cannot offer the thrill of a space flight. But with the current uncertainties, said van Hoften, "that carrot has been taken away."

Some astronauts left because they felt there was little hope for promotion to management jobs in NASA.

The presidential commission that investigated the Challenger accident said NASA should overcome its reluctance to advance astronauts into management.

It also recommended that the Flight Crew Operations directorate, which includes the astronaut office, be elevated in the NASA structure.

Astronaut Robert Crippen has been put in charge of reorganizing key management structures in NASA, and Johnson Space Center Director Jesse Moore is backing the cause of the astronauts.

"I'm going to do everything I can to make sure that the astronauts' voices are heard, not only in technical decisions, but also in management decisions," Moore said.

# Shuttle, rocket setbacks imperil Star Wars program, analysts say

New York Times

NEW YORK -- The Challenger disaster and a series of other major setbacks in the American space program have damaged President Reagan's Star Wars plan in ways that are far more serious and extensive than has generally been realized, according to scientists and aerospace analysts.

Officials of the anti-missile program, formally called the Strategic Defense Initiative, deny there is serious damage.

But many aerospace experts inside and outside the government say the grounding of the nation's space shuttles and expendable rockets has thrown a schedule of complex space-based experiments into confusion and disarray, sending shock waves through space research programs across the country and demoralizing some scientists in the anti-missile program.

Another repercussion of the aerospace crisis, they say, is its effect on a controversy over whether the government should start now to develop a giant new unmanned rocket -- far larger than the shuttle -- that would be needed in the 1990s to lift thousands of anti-missile weapons, sensors and various aiming and tracking devices into space.

The crippling of the nation's rocket power, the analysts add, underscores the need for the enormous battery of space vehicles that will lift the proposed defensive system into place. Even before the shuttle disaster, Star Wars officials estimated that the deployment undertaking was big enough to require up to 5,000 launchings of shuttles or shuttle-sized rockets.

In general, some analysts say, setbacks in research, transport and morale could result in crucial losses for the anti-missile plan. Sen. William Proxmire, D-Wis., a critic of Star Wars, suggested that the aerospace crisis has already contributed to "a loss of political momentum" in the program.

Proxmire said the perception of crisis in the Star Wars program was one reason that 48 senators recently signed a letter calling for sharp cuts in the administration's proposed $5.4 billion anti-missile budget for next year.

Other experts outside the Star Wars program say delays in the schedule resulting from the launching failures will almost certainly be great. "It could be as much as two years," said John E. Pike, director of space policy at the Federation of American Scientists, a private, non-profit group in Washington that is skeptical about the anti-missile plan.

Although conceding that minor damage has been done to the program, Star Wars officials say most of the problems associated with space setbacks will vanish with the renewal of shuttle and rocket flights, allowing space-based experiments to resume.

"The advance of technology is inexorable," said Dr. Gerold Yonas, chief scientist of the anti-missile program.

Yonas stressed that any delays in space-based experiments had to be seen in relation to the overall research program, which he said is forging ahead. "We're making steady progress in many important areas," he said.

However, some scientists who are part of the program said they have been demoralized by the delays.

"Part of the strategy was to do significant experiments before Reagan left office," said Dr. George Chapline, a key researcher in the anti-missile program at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. But he said that hope was "fading."

2


=== Page 23 of 99

Trib 5/31/86

# Ex-astronaut: Return God to space program

Americans must put God back into the space program, Apollo 15 astronaut Col. James B. Irwin told about 350 people attending the Salvation Army's annual citizens dinner at a downtown Tampa hotel Wednesday night.

"We thought we were doing it on our own ... and not giving God the credit," he said. "I think we have taken certain things for granted."

Then he told the story of how Apollo 8's Frank Borman read the creation story from Genesis while in space on Christmas Eve in 1968.

"We have not heard much about our dependence on God since that Apollo program," Irwin said. "Perhaps the Lord is judging us."

He said that he hoped that the doors to space will open but that he felt that "there must be a change of the heart, a change of the spirit," a turning back to God.

Irwin, who referred to himself as "a private in the Lord's army," said he has been a devout Christian since he returned from space in 1971 and has traveled around the world ever since sharing the message that Jesus Christ "is alive ... and that he uses people in his service."

He said that he felt God's presence on the moon and he felt that God gave him immediate answers to problems that arose.

For instance, he said, he felt that God led him and his fellow astronauts to a white rock that they had been asked by scientists to look for. The rock, later dubbed "the Genesis Rock," has helped researchers learn more about the origins of the universe and the moon.

Irwin perhaps is remembered best for driving the lunar buggy and for being the only man to recite Scripture on the moon. He quoted Psalm 121:1 -- "I will lift up my eyes to the hills -- from whence comes my help? My help comes from the Lord, who made the heaven and Earth."

He said he "felt small" looking at Earth from the moon, describing Earth as "a beautiful blue jewel in the blackness of space."

"Then, I felt special," he said, "because all of us are special because of God's love. Then, I was reminded of John 3:16 ... For God loved the blue planet that he gave his only begotten son, that who believes in him should not perish have everlasting life."

7:00a viz Space Truth 0.53 6/20/86

Is that the UFO Base we'll bring about.

# Another Missile Failure

Workmen dismantle the remainder of an Atlas missile that collapsed while on display at the Air Force Museum at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. The pressurized missile sprung a leak and collapsed when the compressor supplying air could not maintain sufficient pressure. The missile had been on display since the early 1970s.

3


=== Page 24 of 99

UFOs or Space Work

# NASA To Replace Satellite

# $250 Million Link Lost With Shuttle

0.SB 5/30/86

WASHINGTON (AP) -- NASA has ordered a replacement for the $250 million government communications satellite that was in the space shuttle Challenger cargo bay when the ship exploded last January.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration said the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite and parts for a backup spacecraft being bought from TRW in Redondo Beach, Calif., are scheduled for delivery in five years. The value of the contract is yet to be negotiated with TRW.

The TDRS is the largest and most advanced communications satellite in the world, weighing 5,000 pounds and measuring 57 feet across its solar panels.

The satellite functions as a switchboard in orbit, able to track the space shuttle and relay television and telemetry signals. Its electronic relay system can handle as many as 300 million bits of information each second from up to 25 orbiting spacecraft simultaneously.

The space agency had planned to have three of the satellites on station, 22,300 miles above the Earth, three years ago, but bad luck intervened. ha ha ha

The first satellite was ejected properly from the shuttle's cargo bay on April 5, 1983, and was propelled higher by an attached rocket stage.

But the steering mechanism locked up during the second of two firings and the satellite began tumbling in a useless orbit.

Using a few thruster jets no bigger than thimbles, engineers slowly nudged the satellite into place over a two-month period. Since then it has provided coverage of half the Earth.

The second TDRS had been scheduled for launch in August 1983, but that was postponed because of the first failure.

The satellite was put aboard the Challenger for a March 7, 1985, flight, but the flight was canceled when the TDRS in orbit experienced problems in its timing circuits.

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Friday, June 20, 1986

Coastal Development

UFOs Sun Attack

# Hurricane Disaster Threat Growing

0.SB 5/30/86

WASHINGTON (AP) -- No one knows how many hurricanes will strike the United States this year, but federal officials warn that the potential for disaster is growing as more people move to coastal areas.

Last year's hurricane death toll of 30 was well below the long-term average, despite the largest number of storms to come ashore since 1916. That success was due to improved warnings and evacuation efforts, Federal Emergency Management Agency Director Julius W. Becton said Thursday.

But development means there are some areas where there may not be time to evacuate before a storm, so residents need to keep alert and be ready to head inland or to shelters, adds Neil Frank, director of the National Hurricane Center.

"I think last year's performance was, from the life-saving standpoint, outstanding," Becton told a news conference. "We cut the (long-term) average of 84 deaths to 30. But 30 is still too many, and our goal is to reduce that further."

The six-month hurricane season officially begins Sunday.

Public cooperation was important in reducing the 1985 toll, ex-See Hurricane on page 8A

# National Briefs

UFOs or Space Work

## Centaur rocket canceled

CAPE CANAVERAL -- In a stunning setback for American space science, NASA Administrator James Fletcher canceled Thursday the $1 billion shuttle Centaur program, ending development of crucial hydrogen-powered satellite boosters because of unresolved safety issues.

The decision apparently was prompted in part by pressure from congressional leaders about the Centaur project in the wake of the Challenger disaster Jan. 28.

The decision will mean unavoidably long -- and costly -- launch delays for showcase probes to explore Jupiter and the sun.

Tribune Wires

NASA chief James Fletcher canceled the use of the shuttle in Centaur rocket launchings.

7


=== Page 25 of 99

# Space Program Problems Hit In West Too; Launches Halted

PARIS (AP) -- The West's space programs are in deep trouble.

Just over four months ago, spirits and spaceships were flying high. The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration's space shuttle was in a head-to-head battle with the European Ariane program in the lucrative satellite-launching business.

Then, the space shuttle Challenger exploded Jan. 28, killing seven American astronauts. On April 18, a U.S. Titan rocket blew up in flight. An American Delta launcher failed May 4. And then, on Friday, the Ariane rocket suffered its fourth failure in 18 launches, putting that program on hold for the immediate future.

The string of disasters may cause long delays in getting satellites into space. Both the American and European programs have been suspended, leaving the less-powerful Chinese rockets as the main alternate launcher. In addition, insurance rates are reaching prohibitive levels.

The U.S. space agency has said no shuttles will be launched before July 1987, and the European program is suspended at least until the end of the year.

Four minutes and 36 seconds into its flight on Friday, ground technicians destroyed the Ariane rocket, and with it a $50 million communications satellite. That aborted flight could spell the end of the European program's brief reign as the West's only remaining major launcher.

The Ariane setback was caused by the failure to ignite of the last stage of the three-stage rocket. Third-stage problems have caused three of the four Ariane failures -- the last two because of ignition problems in the third stage.

Frederic d'Allest, president of Arianespace, the commercial arm of the European Space Agency, said the independent commission scheduled to begin investigating the failure on Monday would probably submit its initial report by the end of June. But no strict time limit was set, he said.

Officials stressed it was too early to say when a final report would be ready or how long the European program would be held up. Launches will be resumed, d'Allest said, only after the problem has been identified and resolved.

The shuttle's failure in January represented a windfall for the European program as Western satellite companies looking for a launcher turned to Ariane. As of May, Arianespace had contracts for 32 launches worth about $1.4 billion. Nine more satellites were set for launching in 1986, 10 for 1987 and nine for 1988.

The company opened a second launching pad at its space center in Kourou, French Guiana, and increased the number of planned launches to make up for the lack of shuttle missions.

Not only have launch schedules been thrown into disarray, but insurance may become too expensive to buy.

Following recent accidents, premiums have skyrocketed, some reaching as high as 25 to 30 percent of the cost of a launch.

"Obviously, the special insurance market has already been perturbed and this failure is not going to help," said Jacques Gangaloff, president of Reunion Spatiale, a consortium that insures satellites.

# Scattered rain cleans up after storm; area

Tribune Wires and Staff

Utility crews Tuesday worked to restore electricity to thousands of homes in central New York State left without power by storms that swept across the Northeast.

High winds and tornadoes Monday damaged homes in New Hampshire and broke scores of windows at the medium-security Woodbourne Correctional Facility in New York's Catskill Mountains.

Schools and businesses in Cortland County, N.Y., about 40 miles south of Syracuse, were closed Tuesday. Officials lifted a state of emergency at noon. No serious injuries were reported.

Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. officials said 85 percent of the city of Cortland, or about 10,000 people, remained without power at midday. Efforts to restore service were hampered by downed tree limbs. Crews were hampered by downed trees.

The storm struck Monday night with 85 mph winds and heavy rain that caused $3 million in damage, said Roberta Gamel of the county's emergency services office.

"It's a disaster. That's the best way to put it in print anyway," said Officer J.L. Tinker of the county sheriff's department.

The brunt of the storm fell on the Cortland County Airport, 4 miles north of the town, causing nearly $1 million in damage. High winds ripped off the roof of the main hangar and tossed about 25 private airplanes about the runways and an inch of rain fell in 20 minutes at the airport.

In the Tampa Bay area, meanwhile, scattered thunderstorms and showers should continue today and Thursday, with gusty winds accompanying the rain, especially in the afternoon, according to weather forecasters.

Highs will remain near 90, with lows in the low 70s. The chance of rain both days is 60 percent.

Elsewhere, thunderstorms rumbled over Texas Tuesday, dousing some areas with heavy rain. Hondo, Texas, received 1.7 inches of rain in one hour. College Station, Texas, received 2 inches.

Showers and thunderstorms were strung along the Gulf Coast and a few thunderstorms were over eastern South Dakota. Light drizzle fell on the north Pacific Coast.


=== Page 26 of 99

# Two Sad Sagas of a Tide That Led on to Misfortune

Hunt & Texas PK Trib 9/9/86

The idea that government regulation and high taxation gravely inhibit free enterprise is being severely tested by the ordeals of two of the nation's largest entrepreneurs.

The plights of H.L. Hunt's heirs and of Beneficial Corp. involve two of the businesses conservative politicians and economists most often charge are over-regulated -- banking and insurance.

After earlier blowing billions of dollars in a futile effort to corner the world silver market (owning 59 million ounces wasn't quite enough to permit them to control the price), the Hunts are locked in what may be a death struggle with no fewer than 23 banks for control of their oil empire.

The banks are seeking to foreclose on the family's keystone Placid Oil Co. and other property put up as collateral for $773 million in loans. The Hunts, who are in default of those loans, have sought the shelter of Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings to avoid foreclosure. Earlier they sued the banks for $15 billion for refusing to renegotiate loans placed in jeopardy by falling oil prices. In the latest chapter in this epic struggle, each side is demanding that the other be held in contempt of court: the Hunts for seeking Chapter 11 protection in Louisiana rather than in Texas, which is the venue for the other actions, the banks for daring to lobby against the Louisiana jurisdiction.

It is enough to incite wonder how banks that are said to be smothered by regulation could have made such bad loans, and how a nation that the Hunts and others say engages in confiscatory taxation could have left oil tycoon H.L. Hunt's three sons $9 billion to squander in wild speculation.

Beneficial's troubles are not of that magnitude. Still, what the Wall Street Journal calls its "brief and bungled venture into the reinsurance business" has led directors of the firm, which built its fortune on consumer loans, to announce the company is up for sale. Beneficial, which owns Tampa's Harbour Island, is pumping $460 million into its reserves to cover its reinsurance losses. It expects a $50 million net loss for 1986.

Back in 1977, high interest rates lured many companies with surplus capital into the insurance business. Beneficial, whose officials now concede had no expertise in that field, took the plunge and hired 10 managing general agents (all now fired) to run the operation. When interest rates plummeted, Beneficial found itself holding the bag, partly, it charges in an $80 million suit, because of fraud, and partly because of gross under-estimation of losses. The final cost is indeterminable; in reinsurance, as one expert says, "the body can be dead for 10 years before it begins to smell."

All this in a business that is regulated at least as much, and in some aspects more, than banking.

It's unlikely that either the Hunts or Beneficial's boss, Finn Caspersen, would use their ordeals to argue for more regulation of banking and insurance. The Hunts stretched their speculative capital too thin, and Beneficial got into a highly volatile business it knew almost nothing about.

The obverse side of this story is, of course, that the free enterprise system is not only alive but healthy. That the Hunts and Beneficial were able to lose such huge sums means also that that kind of money can still be made.


=== Page 27 of 99

# Drought won't relent across South

ATLANTA (UPI) -- The summer already has been a long hot one for the South where the worst drought in more than a century is drying up water supplies and pushing farmers to the brink.

The situation is critical from Alabama to Virginia. In many locations, the rainfall deficit this year is greater than the actual rainfall.

In Atlanta, the first six months of 1986 were the driest since the National Weather Service began keeping records in 1878. The same goes for many other communities.

Creekbeds are turning to mud, falling lake levels are revealing shoreline never seen before and spigots are dripping dry.

In many parts of the South, the drought got started as long ago as 1984 when rainfall started falling behind. But the trouble was intensified over the winter and spring when unusual high pressure systems dominated the weather picture in the South and traditional heavy spring showers never fell.

Seasonal thundershowers began falling in May and June, giving the region a brief reprieve, but the spotty storms did little more than settle the dust.

"In the past month, we've seen fairly typical rainfall for this time of year," said Max Blood, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Atlanta. "But we're so far behind, normal rainfall will not catch us up."

The long-range forecast through September -- traditionally the South's dry season -- is for average rainfall. No widespread soaking rains are in sight at least until October.

Hardest hit are the farmers.

The wheat crop is virtually gone. The corn and soybean crops are severely damaged and the peanut and cotton crops are smaller than normal and late. Many cattle farmers are selling their herds early at reduced prices because pastureland is barren and they cannot afford expensive feed.

The losses are staggering. In South Carolina, Clemson University Extension officials figure the drought will end up costing farmers about $100 million.

"If prices don't recover and we don't receive normal rainfall for the remainder of 1986, this could be the last nail in the farmer's coffin," said John Trotman, director of Alabama's Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service.

Forest fires in the South already have scorched more than a million acres of timberland this year, higher than the total for most years.

Water is becoming a precious commodity everywhere. Wells have gone dry in a few rural areas and deeper systems have been drilled. In big-city water systems, the pressure has been very low at times and some residents have been left high and dry.

Lake Lanier, a 39,000-acre reservoir north of Atlanta that supplies most of the metropolitan area's drinking water, is more than 8 feet below normal for this time of year.

Cobb County, Ga., instituted mandatory water use restrictions and threatened residents with fines of $100 if caught sprinkling their lawns.


=== Page 28 of 99

1-B

# Southern California Quake Rattles Wide Area Of State

## No Injuries Are Reported

Psi-Fact Reporter 7/3/56 SB

PALM SPRINGS, Calif. (AP) -- The strongest earthquake to hit Southern California in 15 years, shook a wide region early today, triggering rockslides, shattering windows and knocking out power to 100,000 customers, but there were no immediate reports of injuries or heavy damage.

The 2:21 a.m. PDT earthquake measured 6.0 on the Richter scale and was centered 12 miles northwest of Palm Springs, said Dennis Meredith of the California Institute of Technology. Palm Springs is 110 miles east of downtown Los Angeles.

"It's a big one," Meredith said.

In Washington, D.C., U.S. Geological Survey spokesman Don Finley said the epicenter of the quake was about 40 miles east of San Bernardino in mountains near the edge of the Mojave Desert. "Early reports said there was some damage in the epicentral area," he said.

The quake was the strongest to hit Southern California since Feb. 9, 1971, when a quake measuring 6.5 on the Richter scale collapsed a Sylmar hospital, killing three people. The quake caused $550 million damage in the Los Angeles area.

A quake measuring 6 on the open-ended scale is capable of causing severe damage. Today's quake was felt from San Diego, 100 miles south of downtown Los Angeles, to the San Fernando Valley, 120 miles north. Radio stations in Lake Havasu, Ariz., and Las Vegas, Nev., reported the quake felt there as well.

"A lot of people were just pouring out of my apartment complex into the parking lot and the street to get away from the building," said Jack Kowalec, assistant city editor of The Desert Sun newspaper in Palm Springs. "There was a little bit of panic, a little bit of hysteria."

Gene Aker, night copy editor at the newspaper, said the quake shattered a window in the building.

The quake initially knocked out power to 10,000 to 15,000 households.

Prelude to Disaster (8-10 on Richter, San Francisco, later.)


=== Page 29 of 99

B-3

# Soviets extend nuclear test ban

Hong Kong PR - Trib
Gorbachev called on 8/19/86
Reagan to sign a freeze treaty at a coming summit

By WILLIAM J. EATON
Los Angeles Times

MOSCOW -- Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev said Monday that he will extend the Soviet Union's moratorium on nuclear testing until Jan. 1, and he called on President Reagan to agree at a coming summit conference to a total test ban.

Gorbachev said in an address carried by Soviet radio and television that the Politburo had approved an extension of the unilateral moratorium on testing that the Soviet Union declared Aug. 6, 1985.

He said his government was confident that Moscow and Washington could agree to a permanent ban "this year at the Soviet-American summit meeting."

But in Santa Barbara, Calif., where President Reagan is vacationing, White House spokesman Larry Speakes rejected Gorbachev's proposal.

"Testing is needed to insure the continued reliability, survivability and efficiency of our nuclear deterrent," Speakes told reporters.

Gorbachev, by referring to "this year at the Soviet-American summit meeting," seemed to be acknowledging that there will be such a meeting, although details have yet to be worked out.

He said the decision to continue the Soviet moratorium was "guided by responsibility for the destiny of the world."

The United States has consistently refused to join the Soviets in a moratorium, which had been extended on two previous occasions. The Reagan administration argues that the Soviets have an advantage in missiles and that the United States must continue to test in order to catch up.

"The Soviets in essence are not giving away much," Speakes said Monday.

Another administration official, asking not to be identified by name, dismissed Gorbachev's remarks as propaganda aimed at influencing world opinion in advance of a Reagan-Gorbachev meeting.

Speakes said nuclear weapons would continue to be the basis of deterrence "for the foreseeable future," and therefore, a moderate level of nuclear testing is essential.

The administration is suspicious of any agreement with the Soviets that does not include concrete assurances on verification. Speakes said verification is "our major sticking point," and agreement with the Soviets on verification procedures "is the key to all arms control."

"The bottom line," Speakes said, "would be that both sides knew what was going on and there would be no cheating."

Despite the adamant position Washington has taken, Gorbachev said in his address Monday, "The Soviet Union is confident that agreements on ending nuclear tests can be reached speedily and signed this year at the Soviet-American summit meeting."

See SOVIETS, Page 9A

# U.S.: Soviet space weapons effort set back

Reuters New Service

WASHINGTON -- The Soviet Union's space weapons program apparently suffered a major setback three months ago when fire destroyed its only airborne laser weapons laboratory, administration officials said Thursday.

The officials confirmed reports from Geneva in the private International Defense Review magazine that the Ilyushin aircraft that housed the laboratory was destroyed by an unexplained fire on the ground in late May or early June.

The officials, who spoke with Reuters on grounds that they not be identified, refused to confirm or deny a CBS-TV report Wednesday night that a U.S. spy satellite took pictures of the plane's charred wreckage at Shchelkovo air base near Moscow.

Satellite reconnaissance ability is one of the most closely guarded secrets at the Pentagon, and the Defense Department Thursday declined to comment on the matter.

The specially-modified Soviet aircraft apparently served as a platform for a prototype laser weapon intended for use against satellites or attacking cruise missiles, according to the IDR magazine.

"I think it was catastrophic for them (the Soviet Union)," one administration official told Reuters. "They have a lot of years and work sunk into their laser program and it could take several years more to modify another test plane."

Lasers are concentrated beams of light, utilizing energy which one day might be refined to destroy attacking nuclear rockets or warheads at great distances in space.

The United States also has a single aircraft modified to test lasers as part of its Star Wars anti-missile defense initiative. The NKC-135 jet is based at Courtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, N.M.


=== Page 30 of 99

Weekly World News
7/15/86

# Starship's

# SOS

# stuns

# scientists

**It's coming from across our galaxy -- and it can't be ignored**

5-B


=== Page 31 of 99

### Soviets: Ready To Accept World Standards

BONN, West Germany (AP) -- The Soviet Union is willing to accept international safety standards for nuclear reactors, the chief of a Soviet government news agency said Friday.

Valentin Falin, the director of Novosti, said at a news conference in the Soviet Embassy that nuclear power safety standards should be "the same for all countries." His comments came more than a month after the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in the Ukraine.

He said he hoped an international conference on nuclear safety urged by West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl would take place. Falin said he would expect such a meeting to pass strict regulations for reactor security and the reporting of nuclear accidents.

Kohl wrote 31 nations and two international organizations suggesting an international conference on nuclear safety. Such a meeting would be organized through the International Atomic Energy Agency.

The agency's board of governors, in a meeting May 21, agreed to start drafting proposals for mandatory notification of nuclear accidents and provisions for international assistance to countries where accidents occur.

Falin told reporters the Soviet Union needs "all medical means available to help" victims of the April 26 disaster.

"The firemen who fought the fire at the scene were unfortunately condemned from the start to die," Falin said.

A U.S. doctor treating victims says 23 people have died in the disaster, including two killed in the power plant fire and explosion. Soviet officials have said about 300 people were hospitalized.

Falin acknowledged that the Soviets made mistakes in the handling of the disaster and indicated human error was probably the main reason for the accident.

"Above all, a wrong estimate (of the extent of the accident) led to the fact that the (Soviet) government was only fully informed two days after the fire," he said.

Falin was in West Germany to attend a meeting of the International Physicians against Nuclear War.

### Quickly said ...

MIAS: U.S. and Vietnamese officials met in Hanoi, Vietnam, Tuesday to discuss the 1,782 Americans still listed as missing in action. ... BREWERY EXPLOSION: A brewery in the west African country of Benin exploded, killing at least nine people and leveling the plant, a Benin diplomat said Tuesday. ... ANIMAL INVASION: Wild boars, elk and other forest creatures have invaded Moscow and its suburbs, eating park shrubs, scattering commuters at subway stations and injuring six people, two of them seriously, the Izvestia newspaper said Tuesday.

BOSTON (AP) -- While America focuses on the $265 million effort to lift the face of the Statue of Liberty and rehabilitate Ellis Island in New York, officials here say they are struggling to find $8 million to save two other historical gems.

"An embarrassment," John Birchell, local superintendent for the National Park Service, says about 244-year-old Faneuil Hall, where John Hancock and Samuel

# Hurricane Dangers Persist

Continued from page 1A

plained Becton, who said better warnings and more extensive evacuations were key reasons for the low number of fatalities.

Hurricane Elena last year caused the largest peacetime evacuation in U.S. history, affecting 1.7 million people in four states, Becton said.

And another 1.4 million evacuated low-lying areas in the face of Hurricane Gloria, he said.

But Frank warned that sometimes there just isn't enough time for people to get away. He cited Florida and Texas as particular problems where coastal development has been great in recent years.

He urged residents to stay aware of storm warnings, know the location of nearby shelters and evacuation routes, and to evacuate or go to the shelter when a storm approaches.

This will mark the second hurricane season that forecasters have operated with only a single weather satellite to search for storms. The normal two-satellite system was lost in 1984 when one of the eyes in the sky failed unexpectedly, and an attempt to replace it ended when a Delta rocket carrying a new satellite went out of control on takeoff May 3 and had to be destroyed.

The National Weather Service hopes to launch a second weather satellite later this year, but the schedule is in question.

Meanwhile, the lone working satellite is shifted slightly to the east to watch for hurricanes developing in the Atlantic, an adjustment that seemed to work last year, although meteorologists worry about some loss of coverage in the Pacific.

While the 1985 toll of 30 deaths was light, property damage hit a record $4 billion, Frank said in a statement.

"If we have been successful in life-saving measures, our property damage problems have not matched that effort. Property damage is increasing dramatically because of the great increases in development along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts," Becton said.


=== Page 32 of 99

# Reagan: Star Wars compromise possible

By JACK NELSON and ELEANOR CLIFT
Los Angeles Times

WASHINGTON -- President Reagan indicated a new willingness Monday to compromise on deployment of his space-based Strategic Defense Initiative. He also held out the possibility that he and Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev could reach an agreement in principle on arms reductions at their next summit.

In an Oval Office interview with the Los Angeles Times, the president talked optimistically about eventually reaching an arms-reduction agreement. "Whatever way is necessary to get an agreement, we'll do," he declared.

Asked if he could agree in principle with the recent Soviet proposal calling for deep reductions in offensive weapons coupled with restraint on deploying his controversial SDI, or Star Wars, proposal, Reagan said: "Yes, but don't pin me down on this because .. we're still studying this."

Later, pointing out that Star Wars research does not violate any treaties, he emphasized he would proceed with research and development of the system as a way to protect the world from a "madman" who decided to use nuclear weapons.

But, asked specifically whether deployment, as opposed to research and development, was a negotiating item, he said: "That's right. Yes."

The Soviets' latest proposal at the Geneva arms talks would combine reductions of about one-third in each side's long-range offensive weapons with a 15-year extension of the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, which would forbid the deployment of the Star Wars system.

In the past, the president has refused to call Star Wars a bargaining chip.

On other subjects during the 35-minute interview, Reagan:

* Reiterated his opposition to stiffer sanctions against the South African regime and said he still believes in South African President Pieter W. Botha's "sincerity that he wants to find an answer to his problem."
* Said he did not ask Judge Antonin Scalia his stand on abortion before deciding to appoint him to the Supreme Court.
* Insisted his administration is doing "all that we can" to contain the AIDS epidemic.
* Repeated his pledge to remain neutral in the fight for the 1988 Republican presidential nomination even if his longtime friend, Sen. Paul Laxalt, R-Nev., should join the field of candidates, which will almost surely include Vice President George Bush.

Reagan, who has recently spoken warmly of Gorbachev and the Soviet's latest arms proposals, said U.S.-Soviet relations "are on a more solid footing than they've been for a long time." And although the Soviets have yet to propose a date for a second Reagan-Gorbachev summit that the two leaders agreed would be held this year in the United States, the president expressed confidence the summit would be held, probably after the Nov. 4 congressional elections.

Whether the Soviets will suggest a date or "whether they're waiting for us," he said, "we'll work that out. We'll have a summit."

At the "forthcoming summit," the president suggested, he and Gorbachev might arrive at a framework for arms control "and then hand it over to one of the negotiators to put it down on paper and work out the details of what we agreed to say in principle."

## Doctors plea: End nuclear arms tests

WASHINGTON (AP) -- About 200 banner-waving doctors from more than a dozen states held a "Code Blue" rally Saturday on the Capitol steps, urging Congress to save lives by cutting off money for nuclear weapons testing.

"Code Blue means human life is at risk and immediate intervention is necessary," said Dr. Jack Geiger, president of the 50,000-member Physicians for Social Responsibility.

Geiger said he and several colleagues recently returned from Moscow where they visited "young men with dreadful radiation burns peering out from life bubbles" -- among the 200 people hospitalized after the April 26 nuclear accident at the Chernobyl reactor.

"To look at these frightened, suffering patients was to learn once again what the nuclear arms race really is about," he said.

A nuclear war would be "Chernobyl magnified not a million times but a hundred million times," he said. "We have a responsibility ... to see to it that that doesn't happen."

The Soviet Union last tested nuclear warheads in August 1985 and has said it will continue its unilateral moratorium past an Aug. 6 deadline if the United States agrees to stop its weapons tests. The Reagan administration has dismissed the offer as grandstanding.

# National Briefs

## Greenhouse effect real

WASHINGTON -- A dramatic loss of ozone over Antarctica proves the greenhouse effect is real and presages a gradual warming of the Earth that threatens floods, drought, human misery in a few years and -- if not checked -- eventual extinction of the human species, scientists warned the Senate Environment subcommittee on environmental pollution Tuesday.

James Hansen, director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, said global temperatures should be nearly 2 degrees higher in 20 years, "which is about the warmest the earth has been in the last 100,000 years."

The warnings came as the subcommittee opened two days of hearings on the greenhouse effect -- a long-forecast consequence of man's pumping into the atmosphere such chemicals as chlorofluorocarbons, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. Scientists say that the substances trap heat in the atmosphere, and could produce drought and possibly swell the oceans, inundating coastal regions.

## Labor Day fire danger feared

BOISE, Idaho -- Victory was declared over one of the worst eruptions of wildfires to ever hit the West, but U.S. forestry officials Thursday expressed a new worry -- the hordes of Labor Day weekend campers headed to the tinder-dry back country.

Forest managers in Idaho, Oregon and Washington -- three of the states hardest hit by the destructive blazes -- imposed stiff fire restrictions on their public lands.

The last major blaze among the thousands that rampaged over nine Western states was finally declared contained Wednesday night.


=== Page 33 of 99

# Program To Launch Rockets From Space Shuttle Scrapped

UFO vs Space Work 6/20/86

SPACE CENTER, Houston (AP) -- NASA, responding to congressional pressure, scrapped a $674 million program to launch liquid-fueled Centaur rockets from the space shuttle, temporarily grounding two scientific probes and some military payloads.

Citing safety concerns, NASA administrator James Fletcher removed the Centaur from the shuttle in a decision he called "very difficult to make."

"It is the proper thing to do and this is the time to do it," he said Thursday in an announcement from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration headquarters.

A congressional aide said the decision could affect plans to build a replacement orbiter for the destroyed Challenger.

Centaurs were to have been used on the shuttle for the first time to send the Galileo and Ulysses spacecraft toward Jupiter. Galileo was to orbit Jupiter and Ulysses was to use the gravity boost of that giant planet to go into a polar orbit of the sun.

The Shuttle-Centaur system also was to be used to send military payloads into high orbit.

The presidential commission that investigated the Challenger accident criticized plans to launch the Centaur from the shuttle because the panel said several safety waivers had been granted for the rocket system.

STEIN
ROCKY MTN. NEWS NEA

U.S. SPACE PROGRAM

UFO vs Space Work
USA 6/7/86

UFO vs Space Work 6/15/86 0.53

NASA

CREADIBILITY

10


=== Page 34 of 99

786

# Nation Archives Slated To Get Shuttle Records

UFOs vs Space Work 6/6/86

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The thousands of pages of records produced by the Challenger investigation commission, including testimony delivered in closed-door sessions, will soon be available to the public.

All 15,000 pages of public and secret testimony, along with more than 100,000 documents, will be bestowed on the National Archives days after the commission report is released Monday, a commission staff member who asked not to be identified said Thursday.

The aide said the investigation by the 13-member commission, headed by former Secretary of State William P. Rogers, cost "in the $2 million to $4 million range, half of it for computerization."

The staff member added, "The only commission that exceeds ours in magnitude was the Warren commission." That commission, headed by the late Chief Justice Earl Warren, investigated the assassination of President Kennedy.

President Reagan, who ordered the Challenger study shortly after the Jan. 28 disaster, will receive the report Monday.

The report will be 250 pages along with four appendices, and it will be followed in a few weeks by four other volumes. They will include the transcripts of all closed sessions held by the commission.

Since the Challenger exploded, claiming the lives of its crew of seven, more than 6,000 people have taken part in the investigation of what went wrong. More than 1,500 of those work for NASA, 3,000 are contractor employees.

Reagan gave the commission 120 days to complete its job, and the time pressure, said the staff member, was the most difficult thing. He said he had only one day off since the investigation began and that was Easter Sunday.

An ill-kept secret by the commission was the fact that one member, Brig. Gen. Charles Yeager, attended only one closed session and did not contribute to writing the report. Yeager's name, however, is attached to the report.

Meanwhile, members of Congress expressed fresh determination to tighten their control over NASA -- once an agency that could do little wrong in the eyes of many lawmakers. Several bills are being introduced.

UFOs Sun Attack 6/19/86 Trib

### 35,000 homeless in Chilean floods

SANTIAGO, Chile -- Ten people have died and almost 35,000 left homeless because of widespread flooding in central Chile that has played havoc with transportation, the government's National Emergency Office (ONEMI) said Wednesday.

The flood waters began to recede Wednesday, but water supplies to half of Santiago's four million residents, cut off since Monday evening, returned only slowly and tankers were sent out to take fresh water to poor neighborhoods.

UFOs Sun Attack O.SB 5/30/86

### Heavy Storms Lash Nicaragua, Cause $5 Million In Damage

MANAGUA, Nicaragua (AP) -- Heavy storms have been lashing Nicaragua's western coast for the past three days, causing an estimated $5 million in damage, authorities said Thursday.

One freighter ran aground and nine smaller vessels sank, but there were no immediate reports of casualties.

The Transportation Ministry said in a press bulletin a 13,000-ton freighter loaded with laminated steel products ran aground because of heavy seas near the port of San Juan del Sur, 94 miles southwest of Managua.

A fishing vessel and eight barges also there and in other southern ports; and a navy coast-guard and three other trawlers were damaged, the ministry said.

Some 100 families were also evacuated from the small town of Somotillo, 91 miles northwest of the capital, because of floods which also blocked the main north-south highway in several places, the Red Cross said.

UFOs vs Space Work

# Mrs. Smith Raps NASA Judgment

O.SB 6/17/86

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The widow of the shuttle Challenger's pilot says the presidential commission report on the accident indicates "incredibly terrible judgments" and "shockingly sparse concern for human life," by NASA officials, according to published reports.

Jane Jarrell Smith is the widow of Michael J. Smith, who was killed along with six another astronauts when the Challenger exploded on Jan. 28.

Her comments were the first extensive public response to the commission's report by a close relative of a shuttle crew member.

"The report reflects incredibly terrible judgments, shockingly sparse concern for human life, instances of officials lacking the courage to exercise the responsibilities of their high office and some very bewildering thought processes," Mrs. Smith said in a telephone interview published in Tuesday's editions of The Washington Post.

In Tuesday's editions of The New York Times, Mrs. Smith was quoted as saying she had avoided reaching any conclusions until the commission completed its investigation.

(14)


=== Page 35 of 99

UFOs vs Space Work 0.SB 6/20/86

BROOKINS Times Dispatch 1986

NASA

OUT

OF

ORDER

CLICK

CONGRESS

Dist. News America Syndicate, 1986

"LOOKS LIKE WE'LL HAVE TO RUN THINGS SINCE YOU GUYS DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU'RE DOING.... SO--WHAT'S THIS SWITCH FOR?"

# High winds, tornadoes cause damage in Northeast, Texas

Tribune Staff and Wires

UFOs Sun 6/15/86

At least two tornadoes touched down Monday in New Hampshire and strong winds battered a prison in New York state.

Gusts briefly blacked out Lubbock, Texas, and heavy rains prompted flash-flood watches from Oklahoma to Ohio.

High winds struck the Woodbourne Correctional Facility in Woodbourne, N.Y., around midday. The National Weather Service said the winds were a possible tornado but officials said they had no readings of the winds' strength.

Dorothy Reed, acting superintendent of the medium-security prison, said two guards were slightly injured.

Officer Chester Stungis, who was outside the main building, was blown against the wall. Officer Matthew Kunze was hit in the eye by glass, Reed said.

The same storm system brought 50-mph winds to parts of New Hampshire and Maine.

Trib 6/17/86

In New Hampshire, tornadoes damaged several homes in Marlborough and Harrisville. Hail and 59-mph winds caused minor damage to the airport at Concord, N.H.

Firefighters battled a blaze at a factory in Somersworth, N.H., that was struck by lightning. Authorities said the Lotus Products building was destroyed by flames, and firefighters were hosing down a silo filled with potentially hazardous materials to keep it from igniting.

Strong thunderstorms rolled across Oklahoma and southwest Kansas, dumping 1.10 inches of rain near Offerle, Kan., southeast of Dodge City.

Winds of 78 mph briefly knocked out electricity in Lubbock, Texas, prompting the city's water pumping station to limit water use for half an hour.

Strong thunderstorms rumbled across southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois, producing heavy rains, gusty winds and small hail.

In the Tampa Bay area, the National Weather Service forecasts scattered late afternoon and early evening showers. Wet, summerlike conditions will prevail.

The chance of rain today is 50 percent, said weather service meteorologist Fred Crosby.

Sci

Remember some years ago when I demo'd Fla? In those files to you - would cause plagues & epidemics.

Now canker, rabies, AIDS, Vnet gonorrhea, epidemics, etc.

UFOs vs Space Work Trib 6/20/86

## Ariane may fly by year's end

BONN, West Germany - The European Ariane satellite program should be back on course by the end of this year after two aborted launches, the most recent on May 30 agency president Frederic d'Allest said Thursday.

D'Allest told a news conference in Bonn that a commission of inquiry into the failed missions would report at the end of this month. "It will depend on the findings of the inquiry but we should start sending up rockets again by the end of this year," he said.

UFOs vs Space Work trib 6/20/86

## Scientists gripe about Star Wars

WASHINGTON - President Reagan's effort to nearly double Star Wars spending is wasteful and risks a significant escalation of the arms race, more

15


=== Page 36 of 99

3 die as storms lash Carolinas; flooding lingers in Nebraska, Iowa

United Press International

Trib
PK Ripple 7/4/86

A wave of severe storms that battered the Carolinas with high winds, killing three people in a mobile home park, swept out to sea Thursday as residents cleaned up the debris left in the storms' path.

In Nebraska and Iowa, rivers swollen by heavy rain early in the week flooded a few homes, and officials said they were ready to evacuate more families if the rivers continued to rise.

In Jacksonville, N.C., a 20-year-old woman and her month-old and 4-year-old girls were killed and several others injured Wednesday night when high winds ripped through a trailer park, authorities said.

Funnel clouds and waterspouts were sighted at the Outer Banks near Nags Head, N.C., but no damage was reported. Trees also were toppled near Athens, Ga., and in South Carolina. Most of the thunderstorms had moved out into the Atlantic Thursday.

In Nebraska, the Big Blue River flooded a few homes and threatened to damage four bridges in Crete, officials said. Four families had left their homes because of flooding.

The river is at 30 feet, 12 feet over flood stage and more than a foot above the previous record of 28.74 feet set in 1950.

"There could be another 6 inches on top of that, it's hoped that's all there is," said John Gleason, Saline County civil defense spokesman.

Twenty miles downstream, high waters receded from DeWitt, where Tuesday they ran several feet deep from flooding on Turkey and Swan creeks. Officials were prepared to evacuate people again if necessary.

In Des Moines and West Des Moines, Iowa, flood waters from the Raccoon River slowly receded, but one major street still was under water, officials said.

Showers and thunderstorms stretched from Louisiana across the northern Gulf of Mexico. More than 6 inches of rain fell near Guthrie, Texas, Thursday morning, closing a highway and prompting forecasters to issue a flash-flood warning.

At Marquette, Mich., the temperature dropped to 36 degrees, two degrees below the 1968 record.

6/14/86 Sat.

Beau & I had the exact same dream last nite! (He + a raccoon.)

This has happened before on numerous occasions.

6/14/86

A thought-form powered by Psi-force... is as real as the concrete sidewalk we walk on... and very powerful. A thought-form powered by other-dimensional Psi-force... is infinitely powerful!

Trib 6/20/86

© 1986 UNIVERSAL PRESS SYND.
OLIPHANT

NO MORE MISTER NICE GUY!

'YOU'RE ALL UNDER ARREST!'

(16)


=== Page 37 of 99

MISS. ALA. GA. LA. New Orleans FLA. Tampa TEXAS Hurricane Bonnie BELIZE

Tribune map

# Hurricane Bonnie aims fury at Texas

The storm that forced workers from offshore rigs may roar ashore today. Trib 6/26/86

GALVESTON, Texas (UPI) -- Hurricane Bonnie continued to strengthen Wednesday in the Gulf of Mexico as it rumbled toward the Texas coast, where forecasters said it could come ashore today with winds up to 85 mph.

Oil companies pulled 1,500 workers from offshore rigs in the path of the season's first hurricane, and officials in flood-prone areas of the Texas and Louisiana coasts urged residents to evacuate.

U.S. Space Work

If President Reagan, who yesterday received the commission's report from its chairman, former Secretary of State William P. Rogers, does the expected and orders the recommendations put into effect, it will materially alter the immediate future of the space program. The next flight is surely delayed beyond July 1987, and there surely will be fewer flights than the two per month NASA once hoped to attain. When flights resume, the backlog of military and intelligence tasks will mean few if any strictly civilian scientific operations will be conducted in the near future. And it will be a long, long time before any civilian -- teacher, member of Congress, journalist or whatever -- takes a shuttle ride for essentially NASA public relations purposes.

That will be the price of NASA's past gambles with safety. It is high, but much less high than continuing to play Russian roulette with lives of astronauts. Trib 6/10/86

# Soviets urge 'Star Peace' Space group

Reuters News Service
Moscow 6/13/86
MOSCOW -- The Soviet Union proposed Thursday the creation of an international space organization to promote projects that would eventually include manned flights to other planets.

The proposal, made in a letter from Prime Minister Nikolai Ryzhkov to U.N. Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar, laid out a three-stage program beginning with a world conference on space no later than 1990.

In the first stage, a world space organization would be established concentrating on such matters as communications, navigation, weather forecasting and studying the Earth for agricultural purposes.

In the second phase, in the first half of the 1990s, the organization would design and build space systems that could study how to preserve the Earth's biosphere, the part of the world where life can exist.

During the third stage, the organization would build orbiting space stations and spaceships for manned flights to other planets. Ryzhkov said these flights could be used as a base for the moon and as expeditions could take place "in the first decades of the 21st century."

The letter, published by the official Soviet news agency Tass, contrasted the Soviet initiative, called "Star Peace," with President Reagan's Star Wars proposals for a space-based anti-missile shield.

17


=== Page 38 of 99

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Thursday, July 3, 1986 5-A

# 2 launching systems may soar this year

CAPE CANAVERAL (AP) -- Problems with the Western world's four grounded space-launching systems are being corrected and two could be back in the air this year and the others in 1987, officials reported Wednesday.

By coincidence, the troubles with the space shuttle, the U.S. Titan 34D and Delta rockets and the European Ariane rocket were discussed on the same day at four locations.

The grounding of the four vehicles and America's Atlas-Centaur rocket has crippled the West's ability to launch heavy payloads into space. The Atlas-Centaur is not flying because its electrical system is similar to that of the Delta's.

An official of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., said five elements of the shuttle's booster rockets, not just the bad joint that caused the destruction of Challenger, will be redesigned.

Asked when he thought shuttles could fly again, the NASA official replied, "We're still trying to adhere to the administrator's stated goal of July 1987."

At the Pentagon, the Air Force reported that the April 18 explosion of a Titan 34D carrying a spy satellite most likely was caused by the peeling of insulation inside a solid-fuel booster.

Air Force Brig. Gen. Nathan J. Lindsay, who headed the Titan investigation board, said the loss of rubberized insulation touched off an explosion nine seconds after the Titan lifted off from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif.

He predicted Titans would be in the air again by early next year.

A NASA official reported in Washington that mechanical damage to wiring was the probable cause of the failure of a Delta rocket launched with a weather satellite from Cape Canaveral on May 3.

Lawrence J. Ross, who headed the Delta investigation board, told reporters in Houston the probe had affirmed that the basic design of the Delta is reliable.

Ross said he saw no reason the next Atlas-Centaur launch should be delayed beyond its current Aug. 28 date.

In Paris, Arianespace, the commercial arm of the European Space Agency, said a board of inquiry had found no manufacturing fault in the third stage engine or the propulsion system of the Ariane rocket which failed May 30 while carrying a communications satellite toward orbit.

# Report blisters NASA

The commission reportedly will urge major changes in shuttle launch and safety procedures.

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The presidential commission on the Challenger disaster will recommend that astronauts and contractors take part in space shuttle launch decisions so NASA's bureaucracy never again smothers safety objections like those voiced in January, sources said Monday.

After nine days of hearings over four months and weeks of on-scene investigation around the nation, the commission on Monday sent to the printers a 225-page report that blisters the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for its management practices and instructs the agency to put safety requirements into every phase of flight operations.

# More Changes Seen For NASA Officials

CAPE CANAVERAL (AP) -- The retirement of William R. Lucas as director of the NASA facility that supervises shuttle rockets continues the shakeup of top NASA officials, and agency leaders predict more changes after the Challenger commission reports on Monday.

Lucas, 64, announced Wednesday he will retire July 3 as director of the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. He has headed Marshall since 1974 and had served three years as deputy director.

Since the Challenger explosion Jan. 28 that killed seven astronauts, NASA has gained a new administrator, director of the shuttle program, director at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, and has summoned the former manager of the Apollo moon program to conduct an internal review of its management structure.

See NASA on page 8A

# Terror Rains In Texas

SAN ANTONIO, Texas (AP) -- Firefighters within inches of reaching a man trapped at a flooded intersection watched helplessly as floodwaters engulfed his car, flipped it and left him crushed to death underneath.

The man's death Monday night came after rains continued to drench much of Texas, flooding streets and rivers across the state and causing several auto accidents on San Antonio authorities said.

Rescue workers, hampered by rising waters, later found the man's body about 100 yards downstream in Olmos Creek.

"There was nothing he could do and we were maybe 30 seconds too late," said Capt. Donny O'Neill, one of the See Texas Rains on page 8A

With the release of the report, the nation's space agency Monday entered a new period of scrutiny and doubts as government officials weighed the future of the now-tarnished program.

18


=== Page 39 of 99

6A OCALA * STAR-BANNER, FRIDAY, JULY 4, 1986

# Storm Rips North Carolina Mobile Home Park; 3 Killed

JACKSONVILLE, N.C. (AP) -- A storm flattened four homes in a mobile home park housing Marine families, killing two children and an adult and injuring eight other people as it tossed furniture in the wind, authorities said.

National Weather Service officials were at the Triangle Trailer Park Thursday trying to confirm whether Wednesday's storm was a tornado.

"It was a twister I can tell you. I saw it," said Tim Benson, a park resident. "I grabbed my little one, I yelled to the next-door neighbor, 'Tornado.' And I see everything going up over here, and I heard it. I got in the car as fast as I can and got on the road."

The storm also brought winds up to 70 mph in other parts of the Carolinas and in Georgia. A man in Nebraska died after walking through a flooded area, and the search continued today for a 9-year-old boy feared drowned in a rain-swollen creek in West Virginia.

The storm hit the trailer park near Camp Lejeune about 9:30 p.m., authorities said. Rescuers lifted one demolished trailer so a woman and infant could be removed.

"There was a big gush of wind that picked up my trailer and crushed it like it was a matchbox," said Fred Senay, who suffered three broken ribs, a broken leg and back injuries.

"All I could see was furniture flying through the air," said George Vetterly.

Several hundred rescue workers and volunteers rushed to the park after the storm went through, Halbert said, and found that a woman and a baby were trapped under one demolished trailer.

"The trailer must have weighed a ton, and all those people lifted it up," he said. "I was afraid they wouldn't hold on. I guess they had one chance and they did it right." It could not be determined whether the woman and baby he mentioned were the ones who died.

Elsewhere in the Carolinas and in northern Georgia, winds up to 70 mph tore down trees and power lines, causing scattered power outages. A storm tore the roof of a house near Comfort, and tornadoes touched down at Nags Head and near Center Hill, but no damage was reported, the weather service said.

In Nebraska, Saline County Civil Defense spokesman John Gleason said the man who died had gone into DeWitt in the afternoon to examine flood damage. He identified the man as 68-year-old Paul Zimmerman of Martell.

"He was sitting in his pickup talking to some people and he collapsed," Gleason said. "Efforts to revive him were not successful." DeWitt residents who were chased from the town by flooding were allowed to return Wednesday, but flood warnings remained in effect along a 70-mile stretch of the Big Blue River. Highways 136 and 77 through Beatrice, Neb., were closed morning due to flooding.

"A lawn chair flew in front of me and then that bathtub over there. I carried my wife out of the trailer with one arm, that's how scared I was."

Jacksonville Police Capt. Delma Collins identified the victims as Lisa Pierce, 20; her daughter, one-month-old Amanda Pierce; and 4-year-old Debbie Addison, a girl Ms. Pierce was babysitting.

Ms. Pierce's brother, 14-year-old John Cummings, was listed in critical condition with spinal injuries at Craven County Memorial Hospital in New Bern. Seven other people were treated at hospitals, including Ms. Pierce's mother and another brother, who were in the trailer, Collins said.

## Twenty Injured After Wind Collapses Festival Tent

WHEELING, Ill. (AP) -- A sudden blast of wind collapsed an entertainment tent filled with about 2,000 people Sunday night, injuring about 20 people, police said.

"It was very sudden, not expected at all," said Sgt. Jack Kimsey of the Wheeling Police Department. "The wind went underneath it and grabbed the tent and tore it up like it was toothpicks."

Eight people were treated at hospitals, but none was expected to be admitted, hospital officials said.

About a dozen other people were treated on the grounds of the Wheeling Family Festival in this suburb northwest of Chicago, Kimsey said.

# Texas drenched by new storms; 2,000 people are forced to flee

SAN ANTONIO, Texas (AP) -- A new barrage of thunderstorms dumped more than 7 inches of rain on parts of waterlogged south Texas early Wednesday, forcing the evacuation of about 2,000 people, stranding motorists in flooded streets and closing businesses and schools.

But by afternoon, the sun was shining in most areas.

"In my 60 years in the city, I've never seen water this high," said San Antonio Fire Chief I.O. Martinez.

The drowning death of a soldier and the discovery of the body of a 5-year-old boy raised the number of storm-related fatalities in Texas to least 10 since the current cycle of heavy rain began across the state on May 24.

Wednesday's rain subsided in most areas by noon, after more than 7 inches had fallen since midnight, but more rain was likely later, National Weather Service meteorologist Stan Hall said.

San Antonio, which gets about 29 inches of rain each year, has received more than 11 inches since May 25.

Dozens of motorists were stranded in low water crossings and many freeways were flooded and had to be closed. Bexar County Fire Marshal Carl Mixon said four volunteer firefighters had to be rescued from a tree by helicopter.

The city manager's office ordered the precautionary evacuation of about 200 houses and surrounding businesses, affecting an estimated 2,000 people, in a flood plain below Olmos Dam. Flood gates had to be opened in the 30-foot-high dam to release excess water into Olmos Creek, said police spokesman Paul Buske.

Those evacuated were sent to Civil Defense centers, but most had been allowed to return home by midafternoon.


=== Page 40 of 99

# Florida, Texas, Wyoming Homes Are Damaged By Tornadoes

By The Associated Press

Tornadoes damaged homes in Texas, Florida and Wyoming, tearing off roofs and blowing out windows, while storms in Maryland knocked out the radar at Baltimore-Washington International Airport.

A wide-ranging spate of bad weather Wednesday and Thursday also brought floods to Wyoming and much of the Midwest and Northeast, and wind damage in Utah.

A Wisconsin boy, 10-year-old Paul Davis, died Thursday at St. Agnes Hospital in Fond du Lac, hours after he was swept into a culvert after a storm brought 3 inches of rain to the area Wednesday. His mother, Marcia L. Davis, 30, who had tried to rescue him, remained in very critical condition early today, said Virginia Blattner, nursing supervisor at the hospital.

She said Mrs. Davis was in a coma and on life support equipment, as she has been since being brought to the hospital.

A twister near St. Petersburg, Fla., ripped off roof tiles, blew out windows and snatched up patio furniture Thursday, while a tornado in the southern Texas town of Skidmore damaged a house, a lumber yard and trees. Twisters also damaged a trailer near Casper, Wyo., and a home in Bar Nunn, Wyo., the National Weather Service said. No injuries were reported.

In Utah, winds of more than 50 mph Thursday night damaged roofs and blew down power lines in northern Davis County, the weather service said. No injuries were reported, but the highway patrol said the roof was torn off one house and the roofs of a dozen others were damaged.

In Medicine, Wyo., authorities advised residents of an eight-block area Thursday to evacuate because of rising waters from the Medicine Bow River. The river, swollen from unusually high runoff and the collapse of a dam upstream, was several feet above flood stage.

In Ashtabula County in eastern Ohio, where Gov. Richard Celeste declared a state of emergency Wednesday night, residents began cleaning up after a tornado and about 6 inches of rain struck the region.

A flood warning was issued for Ohio's Mahoning River, which was expected to reach flood stage today at Youngstown.

Flood warnings were also posted in Michigan, where Wednesday's thunderstorms dumped up to 3 inches of rain on the Detroit area. In Lansing, storms dumped nearly 6 inches of rain, flooding hundreds of basements and knocking out power to an estimated 19,000 people.

At Linthicum, Md., engineers from the Federal Aviation Administration worked today to repair lightning damage to the Baltimore-Washington International Airport's radar system, said Pete Nelson, an FAA spokesman in New York. Some flights were delayed while others were diverted, said airport spokeswoman Linda Greene.

Air traffic controllers turned to alternative, non-radar procedures, and used limited radar service provided by Washington's National Airport, Nelson said. A quota was imposed on the volume of flights handled by the Baltimore-Washington airport, airport operations manager Paul Foley said today, adding officials anticipated delays until the radar system could be restored.

Ohio disaster officials surveyed flood and tornado damage in the northern part of the state, where up to 6 1/2 inches of rain fell in twin storms that hit Wednesday morning and evening.

The weather service said a tornado damaged six houses and injured one man in Ashtabula, and said another twister touched down in Ottawa County near Port Clinton. The Ohio Highway Patrol said part of Interstate 90 was closed for a time in Ashtabula County.

As much as 3 inches of rain fell Wednesday on western Pennsylvania's Mercer County, where many roads were blocked by standing water, and officials in the town of Greenville reported undermined streets and flooded basements.

# Plane Nearly Collides With Landing Jet

PORTLAND, Ore. (AP) -- An AirCal jet landing at Portland International Airport nearly collided with a small private plane, authorities said today.

The close call occurred about 5:20 p.m. Thursday, said Dan Boyle, assistant air traffic manager for the Federal Aviation Administration at the airport.

"The two aircraft in question came within 100 feet, and I don't believe until just prior to the occurrence they had seen each other," he said. "AirCal took evasive action."

He did not know how many people were aboard, but said no injuries were reported.

Boyle said the AirCal Boeing 737 was positioned for landing when an air traffic controller alerted its pilot to the presence of the private plane.

The pilot then "reported sighting an aircraft and he believed it to be the one the controller was referring to, but it may not have been. It may have been another aircraft," Boyle said. He declined to elaborate, saying the incident was under investigation by the FAA.

"He turned his aircraft or whatever he felt was appropriate," Boyle said of the AirCal pilot.

The pilot of the single-engine plane had been in contact with a different air traffic controller, who had advised him of the approaching AirCal flight, Boyle said.

The near collision was the second reported this week. An American Airlines jetliner approaching O'Hare International Airport in Chicago was forced to climb suddenly to avoid hitting a twin-engine plane.

Eighty-eight people were aboard the Boeing 727.

(21)


=== Page 41 of 99

Trib 6/11/86

Ex-astronaut Irwin stable

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. -- Apollo 15 astronaut James Irwin, 56, whose heart stopped while jogging last week, was upgraded Tuesday to fair and stable condition, though he remains in coronary intensive care. Irwin walked on the moon in 1971 and has climbed Mount Ararat in Turkey in search of Noah's ark several times since 1982.

# Challenger Report Raps Rocket, Chiefs

## Study Assesses Disaster Blame

WASHINGTON (AP) -- Presidential investigators, rendering a verdict on the Challenger explosion, are delivering a report to President Reagan that will lay blame for the nation's worst space disaster on a combination of faulty space age hardware and poor management at the nation's space agency.

More On The Shuttle Report, 5A

The commission, which labored 120 days, will say that Challenger's seven astronauts died because hot gases escaped from the seam of the shuttle's right booster rocket, triggering a chain reaction that ended in a gigantic fireball 73 seconds into the flight.

Beyond that, sources close to the commission, speaking on condition they not be named, have disclosed that the panel's report will severely criticize the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and demand that the space agency not only redesign the rocket, but give greater consideration to safety issues before allowing the three remaining shuttles to fly again.

"They're going to recommend that contractors and astronauts be a party to the decision to launch," one commission source said.

The commission, headed by former Secretary of State William P. Rogers, arranged to present its report to Reagan at an early afternoon session at the White House, shortly before public release.

Reagan appointed the group a few days after the Jan. 28 accident which killed all seven astronauts aboard. The victims were Dick Scobee, spacecraft commander; Michael J. Smith, pilot; Judith Resnik, mission specialist; Ronald McNair, mission specialist; Ellison Onizuka, mission specialist; Gregory Jarvis, a Hughes Aircraft engineer; and Christa McAuliffe, the first teacher to fly aboard the shuttle.

NASA, an agency bruised by the accident and battered by the subsequent revelations of management practices, has begun to redesign the booster rocket and is planning to resume manned spaceflight with them in July 1987.

Trib 6/24/86

# Channel 44 remains off the air

Television station WTOG, Channel 44, off the air since lightning struck late Saturday, will not resume operations until this afternoon, a day after its target date.

"The lightning strike is more significant than we anticipated," said Richard Dailey, advertising and promotions editor of the station.

"We're still finding problems and the signal can't reach the antenna."

A Georgia TV station is sending a stand-in antenna for temporary use, he said.

An 11-person crew is checking the 1,500-foot-high transmission line on the station's antenna tower apparently hit by lightning.

# Channel 44 knocked off air by lightning

By JANE SEEGAL
Tribune Staff Writer

Television station WTOG, Channel 44, knocked off the air late Saturday by lightning, will be back on the air in time for the 1 p.m. movie today, if all goes as planned, spokesman Richard Dailey said Sunday.

A transmission line on the station's antenna tower apparently was struck by lightning sometime between 10 and 11 p.m. Saturday night, Dailey said. The bolt hit at a spot about 1,200 feet high, 300 feet below the top of the antenna, he said.

Crews worked Saturday night and all day Sunday but found the damage extended further up and down the line than originally believed, Dailey said. Sunday evening the repair workers were stuck waiting for additional 20-foot sections of line to be flown in from Atlanta and elsewhere.

The 8-inch-thick line that transmits 110,000 watts has a hollow center, Dailey said. "The lightning broke a vacuum in the center," he added, and "apparently some debris has fallen down in the line."

The main problems seemed to be in the connectors between the sections, according to the advertising and promotions manager.

Referring to the splicing work, Dailey said, "It's a complicated job, not like repairing a plug in your home."

The outage was the longest experienced "in the 18 years we've been on the air," the advertising and promotions manager said.

This weekend's continuing programming will be played next weekend, Dailey said, adding that movies will be rescheduled later in the summer.

Asked to estimate the loss in advertising revenues, Dailey said, "It's hard to say (yet). I'm sure it's in the thousands."


=== Page 42 of 99

# Mid-America Hit By Severe Storms

## Lightning Kills Michigan Golfer

By The Associated Press 6/23/86

Lightning struck three golfers in Michigan, killing one, and high winds knocked down trees and power lines as violent thunderstorms raked parts of the Midwest.

Chance For Rain Declines Across The Big Sun. 2B

Winds gusting up to 85 mph also damaged buildings in the storms that pushed across a wide area from South Dakota to Ohio on Saturday and Sunday. Up to 4 inches of rain soaked the region, the National Weather Service said, and scattered tornadoes also were reported. The storms were spawned ahead of a slow-moving cold front.

Three men were injured Sunday as they golfed during a heavy thunderstorm at Silver Lake Golf Club in Michigan's Oakland County, authorities said.

Paul Durocher, 24, whose hometown was not available, died at 7:15 p.m. Sunday at Pontiac Osteopathic Hospital, said nursing supervisor K.C. Johnson.

His twin brother, John, was in serious condition this morning, Johnson said, while a third man was listed in critical condition at Pontiac General Hospital.

In Ohio, strong winds ripped part of a building materials plant in Newark and blew down power lines and trees, officials said early today. There were no reports of injuries.

Winds blew off part of the front and a section of the roof at the Tectum Inc. plant in Newark shortly after 11 p.m. Sunday, said night watchman Oscar Laisure. He did not have a damage estimate.

A Licking County sheriff's department spokesman said there were several reports of tornadoes but none of them was confirmed.

The storm also did minor damage as it crossed Indiana early Sunday evening.

"We've got trees and hot wires down everyplace," said Kathy Stockman, an police dispatcher in Indianapolis.

In Minnesota on Sunday, crews worked in the area around Lake Superior to restore electricity following the severe thunderstorms and tornadoes the day before.

The winds capsized at least two boats on Lake Superior, four iron ore boats were torn from their moorings, trailer homes were rolled, and roofs were blown from garages in Duluth.

# NASA official Lucas retiring

CAPE CANAVERAL (AP) -- William R. Lucas, director of the NASA center that supervises shuttle rockets, announced his retirement Wednesday, expanding the shake-up of key space officials. Agency leaders predict more changes after the Challenger commission reports on Monday.

Lucas, 64, will retire July 3 as director of the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. He has headed Marshall since 1974, having served three years as deputy director.

Under Lucas' leadership, Marshall engineers supervised Morton Thiokol's development of the solid-fuel booster rockets, which the presidential commission will blame in its report Monday for the explosion Jan. 28.

Early in its inquiry, the commission turned a spotlight on several Marshall engineers, who testified they disagreed with Morton Thiokol engineers who opposed the Challenger launch because cold weather might impair O-rings designed to keep hot gas from escaping through booster rocket joints.

Several of those Marshall engineers have been reassigned and one has retired. There also have been personnel changes at Morton Thiokol among officials who overruled their own engineers.

The changes at Marshall were endorsed Wednesday by Sen. Don Riegle of Michigan, ranking Democrat on a space oversight subcommittee.

"I think the shake-up at Marshall is needed, and I'm glad to see it occurring," he said. "The people who were involved in overriding the engineers and the other warnings should not be involved in the decision-making."

Since the disaster, NASA has gained a new administrator, a new director of the shuttle program, a new director at the Johnson Space Center in Houston and has summoned the former manager of the Apollo moon program to conduct an internal review of the agency's management structure.

More changes will follow release of the commission's report, said NASA general manager Philip Culbertson.

"There will be people who will change jobs as a result of what has happened; we've got to get our management strengthened right at the top," Culbertson told a recent conference on the future of the


=== Page 43 of 99

How El Nino affects the weather

Trade winds, which normally blow toward the west, reverse directions, but meteorologists don't know what brings on the wind shift. The warm water from the western Pacific supplants the normally cool water in the eastern Pacific.

NORMAL DIRECTION

DURING EL NINO

TRADEWINDS

4A OCALA * STAR-BANNER, SATURDAY, MAY 31, 1986

# Fires Burn Across Canada Province; Indians Threatened

ONTARIO (AP) -- Several forest fires roared out of control Friday on hundreds of thousands of acres in remote sections of Ontario, and a small group of Indians was told to prepare to evacuate its isolated community.

The fires, which began last week, were burning in areas that stretch nearly across the province's entire width.

A record hot spell with temperatures as high as 95 degrees and shifting winds have thwarted firefighters' efforts. Some parts of the region had been without rainfall for nearly two weeks.

More than 1,500 firemen either were fighting the blazes or were on alert, said Ron Running, a spokesman with the Ontario Natural Resoures Ministry.

One fire had burned more than 60,000 acres of forest and was threatening the North Spirit Indian village of 284 people about 105 miles northeast of Red Lake, a mining and tourist base which is about 40 miles from the Manitoba border.

Officials were meeting to discuss contingency plans for evacuating the reserve while ministry pilots monitored the fire from the air, Running said.

Crews were constructing a fire wall to protect the village, he said.

Running said a fire near Red Lake had burned more than 43,000 acres, much of it prime timber on federal land, and rapidly spread to the east on Thursday.

The ministry has issued an emergency area order in the Red Lake vicinity, which means people must evacuate if the ministry decides it is necessary.

A fire near Sandy Lake, in the far northern part of the province, has blackened about 80,000 acres.

Running said three fires were burning out of control farther east toward the Quebec border.

UFOs Sun Attack
O.SB 5/31/86

UFOs Sun Attack
## Heat fuels more than 200 fires throughout forests in Canada

Tribune Staff and Wires
5/31/86

More than 200 fires raged through Canada's forests Friday, and three conservation workers reportedly drowned while trying to escape a blaze in a northern Quebec province.

The fires, ranging in size from a few acres to tens of thousands and fueled by a heat wave and lack of rain, were destroying vast stretches of timber from British Columbia through northern Quebec and forced the evacuation of at least two Indian communities.

The bodies of three forest conservation workers who had been fighting fires in northern Quebec were found Friday after they were reported missing the day before, said the Canadian Press news agency.

Police said the three drowned after throwing themselves into Lake Frotet, about 400 miles north of Quebec City, when fire encircled a camp of about 20 firefighters. The others also jumped into the water but grabbed the floats of an airplane and a helicopter and were carried to safety, police said.

Meanwhile in the United States, a summerlike swelter, with temperatures in the 80s and 90s, spread from the upper Mississippi Valley to the mid-Atlantic states Friday, breaking records from Atlantic City, N.J., to International Falls, Minn.

Atlantic City's 93-degree reading broke the 1951 record by two degrees, while International Falls, "the nation's icebox" famed for its cold weather, reached 90 degrees, surpassing a 42-year-old record by two degrees.

The national forecast for today called for showers and thunderstorms extending from Arizona to the southern Plains and the lower Mississippi Valley, and scattered from the Ohio Valley to the eastern Gulf Coast.

Tampa area residents can expect partly cloudy skies today and Sunday with high temperatures in the low to mid 90s and lows around 70, according to the National Weather Servcie in Ruskin.

There is a 20 percent likelihood of rain throughout the weekend, with isolated afternoon thunderstorms offering the only chance of precipitation, forecasters said.


=== Page 44 of 99

# Flash flooding kills 7 in Pennsylvania

UFOs Sun Attack

By BRUCE COOK
United Press International
Trib 6/1/86

PITTSBURGH -- The death toll rose to seven Saturday, and a massive cleanup began in Pittsburgh suburbs where nearly a month's worth of rain fell in an hour, triggering flash floods and mudslides that damaged more than 750 homes.

More than two dozen people were injured in Friday night's thunderstorms.

Allegheny County commissioners declared disasters in eight Pittsburgh suburbs -- Hampton, Harmar, Shaler, O'Hara and Indiana townships and the boroughs of Etna, Pleasant Hills and Millvale.

The commissioners ordered county employees with heavy equipment to help in the cleanup, and workers trucked drinking water into Pittsburgh area residents spent Saturday cleaning up. Etna and Harmar Township.

Deputy Allegheny County Coroner Jerry Wienand said a sixth body was discovered Saturday morning in Shaler Township. Rescue crews searching Pine Creek later Saturday found the seventh victim, the secretary of a priest who also drowned when their car was swept into the raging water.

Wienand said all the dead drowned when creeks and streams stormed from their banks.

Four victims were identified as Tim Kamenzind, 28, of Millvale; his brother, Keith, 24, of Butler; Father John Price, 50, of St. Joseph's Rectory in O'Hara Township; and his secretary, Marilyn Taylor, 47, of Pittsburgh.

A Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency official called the damage "staggering," but said it was too early to put a dollar amount on it.

Red Cross spokeswoman Nancy Brem said a preliminary estimate indicated more than 750 homes were damaged by the high waters or slides.

Authorities at the National Weather Service said more than 3 inches of rain, almost equaling the average rainfall for the entire month of May, fell in one hour Friday over Pittsburgh's northern suburbs, causing landslides, gas and

See FLOODS, Page 2A

# Flash floods inundate Texans; storm puts out Northeast lights

Tribune Staff and Wires
6/2/86 UFOs Sun Attack

Heavy rains caused flash flooding in Texas early Sunday and power was out in some areas of the Northeast because of overnight thunderstorms.

In Texas, the third consecutive weekend of heavy rains caused flash flooding in Dallas, which police said may have contributed to four traffic deaths Saturday night.

The flooding snarled traffic for hours near Texas Stadium, and cars were backed up for 3 miles from a flooded underpass. Some motorists waited on car roofs and hoods for rescue crews, police said.

A moist air mass over the south-central part of the country resulted in heavy rain from New Mexico across Texas to the lower Mississippi Valley. Pandale, Texas was drenched with 3 1/2 inches of rain overnight.

Thunderstorms rumbled across New York state Saturday night, disrupting power and dropping hail on the lower Hudson Valley and triggering flash flood warnings in the Finger Lakes Region.

The storm cut power to several thousand households as trees toppled over on top of wires in several communities, police said.

In Poughkeepsie, the roof blew off an International Business Machines Corp. building on Route 55, police said.

The storm brought three-fourths-inch hail to Fort Lee, N.J., and high winds and downed power lines in northern sections of the state.

Elsewhere, patchy dense fog formed early Sunday along coastal areas of southern North Carolina and over northern and central sections of Alabama. Skies were mostly clear around the rest of the nation.

Locally, today's forecast calls for mostly sunny skies becoming partly cloudy with scattered afternoon and evening thunderstorms, highs in the lower 90s and southeast winds at 10 mph with an afternoon sea breeze. The chance of rain is 50 percent. Lows tonight should be near 70.

The National Weather Service said Tuesday's weather should be the same, but with a 30 percent rain chance.

Through Thursday, expect partly cloudy skies, hot afternoons and mild nights.

than 1,600 scientists at top government and industrial laboratories said in a petition to Congress on Thursday.

Most of the laboratories conduct weapons research, and some of the 1,600 scientists are engaged in Star Wars research.

One of the petition organizers, J. Carson Mark, who directed nuclear weapons design at the Los Alamos lab in New Mexico until his retirement in 1973, said Reagan's original plan for a defense to stop enemy missiles in space is beyond technological capability for the foreseeable future.

25


=== Page 45 of 99

a. officials

ear more

lood deaths

PITTSBURGH (UPI) -- National Guard troops used bulldozers to scrape away debris Sunday while rescue workers searched muddy river banks for more possible victims from flooding that has killed at least eight people in eight communities.

Jerry Wienand, an Allegheny County deputy coroner, said his office had identified the eight known victims, all of whom died of drowning in the Friday night deluge north of Pittsburgh, but he said he feared more bodies would be found.

"We have reports of vehicles being discovered that are registered to people who can't be located," he said.

He declined to say how many were still missing. But Jeff Trzygocki, assistant manager of Shaler Township, said four people were unaccounted for. He said the number was determined by comparing and reconciling missing person reports.

State emergency management officials said at least 800 homes and businesses were damaged and water and electric service were knocked out in some regions, prompting Gov. Dick Thornburgh to declare the communities disaster areas.

"The apparent extent of the damage is severe and widespread," said state Emergency Management Agency spokesman John Comey, who sent teams from various state agencies to inspect the affected areas.

Comey said it would take at least two days for officials to fully determine the extent of the damage.

The 3 inches of rain that fell in one hour Friday triggered mudslides and transformed small streams into raging torrents. Authorities touring the site of the worst flooding site described the area as "a mess."

"One of our deputies came back from the scene and he was just shell-shocked. He said it was unreal," Wienand said.

Many of the drowning victims became trapped in their cars when a wall of water estimated at 7 feet high came crashing along the banks of the Big Pine River.

"It was like a giant wave," said Bill Skertich, borough manager of Etna, one of the communities hardest hit by flooding.

"One of our residents was able to save himself by climbing up a tree and strapping himself down with his belt," Skertich said. "The guy that was driving in the car behind him didn't make it."

The eight communities declared disaster areas are Etna, Pleasant Hills, Millvale, Hampton, Harmar, Shaler, O'Hara and Indiana, all located in Allegheny County.

Pennsylvania town remembers tornado

ALBION, Pa. (AP) -- This storm-battered community remembered 12 dead Saturday and thanked those who helped clean up after a vicious tornado struck one year ago, when more than two dozen tornadoes killed 89 people in three states and Canada.

"We're looking to the future rather than dwelling on the past," said the Rev. R.J. Reilly, pastor of St. Lawrence Roman Catholic Church, where a memorial Mass was scheduled for Saturday afternoon.

Dedication of a monument to honor the dead from Albion and nearby Craneville also was planned.

The tornado that ravaged a three-block wide section of Albion at 5:15 p.m. last May 31 was one of 28 that roared through parts of Pennsylvania, Ohio, New York and Canada.

In all, 89 people died, 1,000 more were injured and damage exceeded $450 million.

Albion's monument was erected on a lot adjacent to the church, where the roof was ripped off in places and all of its 100-year-old stained glass windows were shattered.

The building has since been repaired.

Pennsylvania was hardest hit with 65 dead, nearly matching in one day the total of 69 people killed by tornadoes in the state since 1916.

# Shuttle won't fly until '88

NASA's boss said corrective action to make the flights "really safe" will take longer than planned.

By AL ROSSITER Jr.
UPI Science Editor

WASHINGTON -- NASA head James Fletcher told President Reagan on Monday the first shuttle flight with redesigned booster rockets will be delayed until early 1988 because corrective action is taking longer than expected.

"When we start flying again, we want to make sure it really is safe," Fletcher said at a news conference four hours after his brief Oval Office meeting with the president.

"It is that high priority of safety that has caused that date to slip."

A launch in early 1988 would represent a six-month setback from the most recent schedule and mean American astronauts will be grounded two years by the Challenger accident -- at least three months longer than the setback resulting from the fatal Apollo 1 launch pad fire in 1967.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration had been shooting for a July 1987 launch for the first post-Challenger shuttle flight.

Space agency sources said internal planning documents list the tentative launch date target for February 1988.

The sources said, however, that Marshall Space Flight Center booster-rocket officials in Huntsville, Ala., have asked for an additional two-month schedule cushion, which could set the flight back to April 1988. A definite schedule will not be established until the booster-rocket design process is further along. A flaw in the booster was pinpointed as the cause of January's Challenger

See SHUTTLE, Page 4A


=== Page 46 of 99

12,000 flee Bonnie's fleeting fury

By PAUL RECER
Associated Press

UFOs Sun Attack
Trib 6/27/86

PORT ARTHUR, Texas -- Hurricane Bonnie struck the Gulf Coast before dawn Thursday with fleeting fury, killing two people with its 85-mph winds and heavy rain that spun off tornadoes, destroyed homes and knocked out power to thousands.

The first hurricane of the season weakened and died not long after it came ashore near the Texas-Louisiana border. Port Arthur, which bore the brunt of the storm, was bustling again by midafternoon.

Bonnie, which formed in the Gulf of Mexico on Monday, was not a major hurricane, but it still managed to terrify residents when it hit land at 4:45 a.m. (5:45 EDT).

"I sure enough thought we weren't going to live through it," said Nancy Morrell, who huddled in her Port Arthur home with her 83-year-old sister because they couldn't walk to a shelter. "It held us in fear. We were two scared old ladies."

Nearly 12,000 people in the two states boarded up their homes and fled inland Wednesday, and another 1,000 oil rig workers had been ferried ashore.

One man was killed when his pickup truck was caught in a squall and went out of control on a roadway in Vidor, northwest of Port Arthur, and a partially paralyzed woman died after being trapped inside her burning Port Arthur home by flames fueled by gusts from the hurricane, officials said.

At least a dozen people were injured.

The city of Port Arthur was without power until about noon Thursday, said Police Sgt. Robert Williamson. Although the city showed evidence of the storm -- broken store windows, scattered tree limbs and debris-strewn streets -- no major structural damage was reported, he said.

See BONNIE, Page 2A

Hurricane

UFOs Sun Attack
Trib 6/1/86

* From Page 1A

potential danger, forecasters say they still are thwarted by constantly changing airflow patterns in the upper atmosphere that determine where tropical storms and hurricanes will travel.

"You've got to be able to find some way to evaluate all the depths of the vertical atmosphere," says National Hurricane Center Director Neil Frank, who contends that hurricane prediction has not improved significantly since the 1960s.

An accurate measure of those lofty currents would be considered a major advance in hurricane forecasting because meteorology is relying increasingly on computers.

"When you start talking about forecasting with a computer model, you have to realize that those models are no better than the data you put in them," says Frank.

With no recognizable pattern of hurricane formation during the 100 years in which records have been kept, forecasters cannot back up a seasonal prognosis with examples from history.

Vivid reminders of Florida's subtropical milieu, major hurricanes came in bunches during the first half of the 20th century and then slacked off mysteriously about 1950.

In any decade, they seemed to single out a particular region of the country.

During World War II and its aftermath, most of the severe hurricanes -- rated three or above on a scale of one to five -- either skirted the Florida coast or touched ground here. In the 1950s, they struck the Atlantic Seaboard, coming close enough to Washington, D.C., to prompt Congress to pass laws aimed at bailing out hurricane-ravaged states. From 1960 through the 1980s, Gulf states such as Louisiana and Texas bore the brunt of the big storms.

"Hurricanes are rare events for any given location," explains Robert Sheets, the deputy director of the hurricane center in Coral Gables. "One particular year or even one decade may sound unusual, but if you had thousands of years of records it might not."

Without the perspective that millennia of record-keeping might provide, the 1985 season seemed unusual because forecasters had to go back to 1916 to find a year in which six hurricanes pounded the U.S. coast.

From the scope of the evacuations to the toll of property damage, last year's hurricanes left an indelible mark on Floridians and their Gulf-state neighbors.

Hurricane Kate, the first November storm to score a direct hit in 50 years, cut a destructive swath through the Florida Panhandle. A month earlier, Juan hovered near the state's west coast, spawning tornadoes in Tampa before turning away toward Louisiana. The unforgettable Elena moved into the northeastern Gulf of Mexico and stood ground, turning Labor Day weekend into a tense vigil for Tampa Bay area residents.

Overall, the hurricane center tracked 11 tropical storms, seven of which intensified into hurricanes. A tropical storm becomes a hurricane when winds reach 74 mph.

The '85 season stood out because hurricanes affected so many people, Sheets contends.

But "we didn't have any of the killer hurricanes," he said. "We didn't have a Carla, a Camille or the 1935 one that devastated the Florida Keys."

Hurricane Elena, however, prompted the largest evacuation ever as 1 million northeastern Gulf residents were ordered out of its way from Aug. 28 to Sept. 2. A study of Elena's impact on Florida counties concluded it took its greatest toll on Pinellas County, where miles of sea walls were damaged.

Elena "was a preparedness awakening for a lot of people," says David Rittenberry, a forecaster with the National Weather Service in Ruskin. "I think the overall feeling in the Bay area was, 'Yea, we were lucky this time.'"

Will a major hurricane test the mettle of the local populace again this year?

The answer may lie a continent away, where the El Nino phenomenon is causing the temperature of the South Pacific to rise and the trade winds to shift course. When the waters off Peru and Ecuador warm up -- as is reportedly happening this year -- meteorological mayhem ensues around the world, and the number of Atlantic-based hurricanes traditionally drops off.

Hurricanes have been few and far between during previous El Nino years, but the ones that form tend to be rather potent.

"There is a serious statistical correlation between the number of storms and the existence of an El Nino," says Sheets, the hurricane center's second-in-command. "You can make a physical argument as to why it puts a damper on hurricanes."

Still, it will be the end of autumn before Floridians can breathe easier.

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=== Page 47 of 99

# Storms Flood Texas

6/5/86

SAN ANTONIO, Texas (AP) -- Water-logged south Texas braced for more rainfall today as residents cleaned up from floodwaters that forced more than 2,000 people to evacuate and closed roads, businesses and schools.

The heavy rains were blamed for the drowning deaths of a 5-year-old boy and a soldier at Fort Hood in central Texas, bringing to 10 the fatalities blamed on the latest cycle of bad weather since it hit May 24.

National Weather Service spokesman Gary Grice said there was a better than average chance of more rain today in San Antonio, where 11 inches has fallen since May 25. The city normally gets 29 inches a year.

Because of the forecast, emergency workers remained on standby late Wednesday, hours after the heavy rains stopped.

Nearly 7 inches of rain fell on the city in the 12 hours ending at noon Wednesday, flooding highways, and forcing at least 2,000 residents from their homes.

Street flooding was reported in Houston and extended as far north as Sherman, near the Oklahoma border. Four funnels were spotted in nearby Bonham but no damage was reported.

Most of the evacuees in San Antonio were in the Olmos Basin area, a flood plain of the Olmos Dam.

Police spokesman Paul Buske said the dam, built to hold 30-foot waters, was overflowing at 36 feet. The flood gates had to be opened, posing the threat of flooding to the approximately 2,000 residents. But officials allowed most residents to return to their homes Wednesday afternoon as skies cleared.

But weather service meteorologist Stan Hall warned that residents would "be back in a crisis" if more heavy rains fell quickly.

Wednesday's rains caused nearly 120 accidents and the police department to order 150 vehicles towed. Most of those vehicles, Buske said, were submerged in water. "In my 60 years in the city, I've never seen water this high," said San Antonio Fire Chief I.O. Martinez.

Dozens of motorists were stranded in low water crossings and many freeways, deluged with rainwaters, had to be closed temporarily during Wednesday's morning rush hour.

Trinity University, the University of Texas at San Antonio, other local colleges, offices and businesses shut down for the day.

Four volunteer firemen had to be rescued by helicopter from a tree after they tried to help a stranded motorist.

Water gushes through street in downtown San Antonio.

# Killer typhoon heads for China

7/11/86

MANILA, Philippines (UPI) -- Typhoon Peggy spun out to sea toward China Thursday after a devastating sweep across the northern Philippines that killed at least 53 people and forced more than 240,000 people from their homes.

Another 19 people were reported missing in the first major typhoon -- the Pacific version of a hurricane -- to hit the Philippines this year after it flooded the capital and left thousands homeless.

Peggy slammed ashore from the Pacific on Wednesday, raking rice and corn farmlands on the main Luzon island with peak winds of 109 mph and carrying a bank of rain clouds 373 miles in diameter.

By late Thursday, the Weather Bureau said Peggy was 225 miles away from the archipelago in the South China Sea, heading toward China at 9 mph with peak winds of 94 mph.

President Corazon Aquino arrived at work in Manila Thursday aboard a four-wheel-drive jeep as knee-deep floodwater lapped at the steps of the presidential palace guest house.

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=== Page 48 of 99

Southeast continues to swelter under a blob of hot, humid air

Tribune Staff and Wires

The southeast sweated for a fourth day Wednesday under a blob of hot, humid air that has killed chickens, heightened demand for air conditioning and fans and worsened a water shortage in the drought-stricken region.

Temperatures again rose above 100 degrees in parts of Georgia and the Carolinas. The National Weather Service said the combination of heat and humidity pushed its heat index, a measure of how warm the air feels, to between 105 and 115 degrees across much of the Southeast and as far west as southern Missouri.

The high pressure system pinning the muggy air over the Southeast "will remain the dominant weather feature through the week," said the weather service office in Atlanta.

Cooler air pressed down from the North, but its collision with the persistent hot air was marked by thunderstorms paralleling the Mason-Dixon line.

South Carolina, Virginia and Georgia utilities reported record demand for electricity Tuesday, a day after similar reports in Maryland, Delaware, Ohio, Indiana, New Jersey and New York.

The dry summer has prompted many Georgia cities and counties, particularly around Atlanta, to restrict or prohibit outdoor water use, with fines up to $50.

The drought has also reduced hydroelectric production at Tennessee Valley Authority dams.

In North Carolina, the Orange Water and Sewer Authority asked the cities of Carrboro and Chapel Hill to impose water use restrictions.

The heat is affecting Georgia's $1.25 billion poultry industry, with thousands of chickens dying this week. Jesse Atkins of Mar-Jac Farms in Hall County said he had 10,000 deaths Monday alone.

In the Tampa Bay area, scattered showers and thunderstorms occurring throughout the day are forecast for today and Friday, the National Weather Service said.

"It's one of those situations where they can be around any time of the day," said meteorologist David Rittenberry of the weather service's Ruskin office.

In the Tampa Bay area, it will be a mostly sunny weekend with a few rainy interruptions, the National Weather Service said.

The next four days have "below-normal shower prospects," said meteorologist David Rittenberry of the weather service's Ruskin office. "They won't be widespread. Not every one in the Bay area will get hit every day."

Highs in the Bay area will be in the low 90s; lows in the mid-70s.

Elsewhere, showers and thunderstorms extended from the upper Mississippi Valley across the lower Ohio Valley and the southern Appalachians.

A flash flood watch was posted over much of Iowa, where a batch of thunderstorms dumped up to 2 inches of rain in some areas and pushed several rivers up to 5 feet above flood stage. The storm system also spun tornadoes in Illinois and Missouri late Wednesday.

Temperatures in the 100s sizzled parts of Georgia and South Carolina for the fifth straight day Thursday, forcing farmers to sell off cattle because of dry watering ponds and bare pastures.

City officials in Camden, S.C., about 30 miles northeast of Columbia, prepared rationing plans when the city's water supply reached a "crisis" level of 30 days.

At Fort Jackson, S.C., recruits had their training schedules eased and were hosed down at times.

Spraying down hens has not helped Carolina producers, who are losing 500 to 1,000 chickens per day, said Harley South, Randolph County, N.C., agriculture agent. Georgia officials estimate more than 400,000 chickens have perished in their state since last week due to the heat.

Temperatures above 90 are hot enough to fry eggs and bacon, said retired Purdue University professor William Goetz. "When temperatures are higher than 90 degrees, that's enough to heat a blacktop surface to 175 degrees," Goetz said.

National Briefs

Space center head retires

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Richard G. Smith, director of the Kennedy Space Center and one of the officials who approved the ill-fated Challenger launch, announced his retirement Thursday, expanding the shakeup of NASA leaders in the wake of the tragedy.

Smith, 57, who has headed the center since 1979, said he will step down July 31 to become president and chief executive officer of General Space Corp., a Pittsburgh firm that is seeking government approval to provide private funding for a replacement for Challenger.

Smith's retirement follows by a month that of William R. Lucas, director of the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. Marshall supervises the booster rockets that help power shuttles into space.

The presidential commission was critical of management procedures and officials at both Kennedy and Marshall for allowing the launch to proceed after warnings from two major contractors.

Southeast continues to sizzle; Bay area rain prospects dwindle

Tribune Staff and Wires

Storms brewed over the Midwest Thursday but there was no relief from withering Southeastern heat that sapped water supplies, killed chickens by the truckloads and made asphalt hot enough to fry an egg.

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=== Page 49 of 99

# Stealth Fighter Crashes In Desert

## Pilot Dies; Air Force Still Mum

The New York Times 7/12/86

WASHINGTON -- A fatal Air Force crash in California early Friday involved one of the military's most secret weapons, a Stealth fighter aircraft that eludes radar and other sensors, according to experts in military technology familiar with the program.

The Air Force said a plane crashed in nighttime operations in Sequoia National Forest about 12 miles from Bakersfield, Calif., killing the pilot. The Air Force sealed off the crash site and the airspace near it as firefighters worked to contain an ensuing brush fire, and the Air Force refused to make public any further information about the crash. The Air Force usually provides prompt details about crashes involving its aircraft.

The weapon experts, who asked not to be identified, said the crash involved a plane that has been variously called the F-19, the Covert Survivable In-Weather Reconnaissance Strike aircraft, or simply the Stealth fighter. Its development by the Lockheed Corp., reported many times in newspapers and technical publications, has never been confirmed by the military.

But Joseph Campbell, a securities analyst for Paine Webber Inc. in New York, said, "I believe that it is in production." He said Lockheed's financial reports, combined with an analysis of its known military projects, leads to the conclusion that the company is building enough planes to generate several hundred million dollars in annual revenue, perhaps even $1 billion.

The crash does not necessarily indicate serious technical problems with the fighter. Many high-performance military planes crash every year on maneuver. But a weapon expert said the plane that crashed Friday might have been equipped with newly developed equipment meant to make it more maneuverable. This also could have the effect of making it less stable and harder to fly.

The Lockheed airplane is not the only highly classified one to incorporate Stealth technology. Other companies are thought to have produced prototypes, and the Air Force is well on its way to deploying a Stealth bomber, formally known as the Advanced Technology Bomber, in the early 1990s. The Air Force said Friday that the crash in California did not involve a bomber.

News reports and other sources have said the Air Force has based dozens of the planes at a secret, remote air base in the Nevada desert.

It is not known why the Stealth fighter would be flown in California, near Edwards Air Force Base, where many experimental aircraft are tested. Most tests of the Stealth fighter are thought to take place at the Groom Lake and Tonopah test ranges, near Nellis Air Force Base in Nevada.

In 1984, the Air Force closed off thousands of acres of land in the Groom See Air Force on page 8A

## Air Force Silent On Stealth Crash

Continued from page 1A
Mountains of Nevada, citing national security reasons.

The plane was probably being tested, not merely moved from one location to another, when it crashed, sources said. The tests are done at night so that the plane is not seen. In daytime it is parked under protective bunkers. When it is moved from one location to another it is carried in a C-5 military transport plane.

The first prototypes of the Stealth fighter were reportedly built in the mid-1970s, and the plane first flew in 1977, according to a book about Stealth aircraft by Bill Sweetman, a San Francisco writer, published earlier this year.

The plane's shape is believed to resemble the space shuttle, with the fuselage gradually blending into wings. Avoiding sharp angles is one way to reduce the radar image of a plane. It also is reportedly built largely of carbon and epoxy composite materials that absorb radar, rather than metals that reflect radar signals. The plane produces no more than a hum at a distance of 100 feet.

Estimates of the plane's length vary from 35 feet to 60 feet, and some industry experts have said several versions of the Stealth fighter may exist.

Sweetman's book suggests that an early version of the Stealth fighter broke apart in 1979, injuring the pilot.

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=== Page 50 of 99

Ohio officials warn residents new evacuation orders possible

Pyrote Attack 7/12/86 Trib

MIAMISBURG, Ohio (UPI) - Authorities on Friday warned residents, already evacuated twice from the scene of a toxic chemical fire, to keep alert for another possible order to flee because of shifting winds.

The fire at a ruptured railroad tanker car was still burning, nearly 72 hours after seven cars of a Baltimore & Ohio freight train derailed. One of the cars carried 12,000 gallons of phosphorous, which exploded into flames upon contact with the air Tuesday afternoon and spewed out a white cloud of acid vapor.

The longer the fire burns, the more difficult it will be to determine the cause of the disaster, William Loftus, executive director of the Federal Railway Administration, said Friday.

"There's always the possibility you won't be able to put your finger on it (the cause)," he said. "The burnoff is a problem in determining the source. We had hoped to be out there today. There's certainly going to be heat distortion."

The cloud of phosphoric acid vapor forced authorities to evacuate 17,500 people from Miamisburg and nearby towns Tuesday. Wednesday afternoon, after all but a few hundred had returned, the fire flared up again and more than 30,000 people spent Wednesday night and Thursday morning away from their homes.

Because of the number of evacuees, the Federal Railway Administration has called the derailment the worst in the nation's history.

The fire's intense heat and the fact that the phosphorous burns even under water has forced authorities to wait for the blaze to burn itself out.

The white vapor continues to rise from the scene.

But the wind was shifting Friday afternoon and Ohio Environmental Protection Agency spokesman Allan Franks said authorities were warning residents to stay alert.

# Typhoon Peggy winds down over China

UFO Sun Attack 7/12/86

HONG KONG (AP) - Typhoon Peggy, which killed at least 73 people in the Philippines, passed about 80 miles east of Hong Kong on Friday and began losing strength over southern China.

Winds of up to 80 mph uprooted several trees in the British crown colony. Heavy rains caused flooding, a landslide and the partial collapse of a road.

Schools and offices were closed, and bus and ferry services were suspended. Twelve flights were canceled at Kai Tak International Airport, nine were delayed and one was diverted.

The Hong Kong Observatory said the storm weakened after it crossed the Chinese coast and began to move inland.

President Corazon Aquino of the Philippines proclaimed a state of emergency in the northern part of Luzon, the main island, where Peggy caused several deadly landslides Wednesday and Thursday.

Aquino ordered the equivalent of $500,000 allocated for relief in about 25 northern provinces on Luzon and another $50,000 for Manila.

Reports from the Red Cross, the Office of Civil Defense and the government's Philippine News Agency said the hardest-hit areas were Baguio City and adjoining Benguet province 125 miles north of Manila, where 29 people were buried by landslides.

Floods killed 25 people in Manila and most of the other victims perished in floods north of the capital.

# Southeast Broils; Heat Kills 2 People

UFO Sun Attack
By The Associated Press OSB 7/14/86

The Southeast continued to swelter, with temperatures soaring above 100 in parts of the Carolinas and Georgia, and thunderstorms spawned in the heat killed at least two people.

A drought emergency was expected to be declared today in South Carolina.

It was 104 degrees in Columbia, S.C., Sunday, breaking a 1980 record of 103. It marked the seventh consecutive day above 100 degrees in the city, breaking the old record of six days of triple-digit temperatures.

It was much the same story Sunday in Charleston, S.C., where the 101 was a record high and extended the streak of 100-plus days to six. The previous record had been three consecutive days in the 100s, set in 1934 and 1942.

Records were also set in three North Carolina cities: Charlotte, where the temperature reached 100; Wilmington, where it was 99; and Cape Hatteras, where the temperature was 92.

The forecast for the region was for similar temperatures today, and the only rain predicted in most of the area was widely scattered thunderstorms.

In Maryland, where temperatures over the
See Heat Kills on page 8A

UFO Sun Attack
Fires scorch vast tracts in Alaska
Trib 7/14/86

ANCHORAGE, Alaska - Hundreds of firefighters on Sunday battled 85 wildfires raging over more than 330,000 acres of brush and forest in Alaska, and officials said blazes have scorched more than 440,000 acres so far this year.

Most of the fires were started by lightning, and many are allowed to burn themselves out because it would be too costly to fight them, according to officials of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management and the state Division of Forestry.

More than 770 firefighters were fighting the blazes on Sunday.

UFO Sun Attack Trib 7/16/86
Chinese typhoon kills 172

PEKING - Typhoon Peggy killed 172 people and destroyed 264,000 homes when it struck south China last Friday, the official New China News Agency reported today. The agency said 1,250 people were injured by Peggy.

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=== Page 51 of 99

Mild temblor felt across 5 states

The quake, which measured 4.2 on the Richter scale, caused minor power outages but no injuries and little structural damage.

Tribune Wires

Psi "Riffle"
7/13/88

ST. MARYS, Ohio -- A mild earthquake Saturday shook residents of Ohio and parts of Kentucky, Indiana, Michigan and West Virginia. No injuries and little damage were reported.

The preliminary magnitude of the 4:20 a.m. quake, the second in Ohio this year, measured 4.2 on the Richter scale, said Bruce Presgrave of the U.S. Geological Survey's Earthquake Information Center in Golden, Colo.

"We would classify (that) as a light earthquake," he said.

Early readings placed the epicenter near St. Marys, Ohio, about 80 miles northwest of Columbus, where tall buildings swayed. But the temblor was felt throughout Ohio and into Kentucky, Indiana and Michigan, said Don Finley of the U.S. Geological Survey.

A Parkersburg, W.Va., disc jockey received a phone call from a woman who said her pet bird "went crazy." State police also said they received some calls from concerned residents who felt the quake.

"We've had a couple of reports of small power outages and one house that flooded (because of pipe damage)," said dispatcher Rose Meyer of the St. Marys Police Department. "A lot of people had broken dishes that fell out of cupboards, but nothing big at all."

Officials at a Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. plant in St. Marys said a few bricks fell from the top of a chimney.

Auglaize County Sheriff's Deputy Mark Dunnigan said damage seemed to be limited to St. Marys.

Soon after the 10-second quake occurred, residents of Anna -- the site of one of the area's worst quakes nearly 50 years ago -- gathered on the street to discuss the tremor.

"Everybody you talked to thought they had a car run into their house," said Police Chief Tom Bergman. He said there were no reports of damage aside from a bank alarm being set off and pictures being jolted from walls.

The National Weather Service in Cleveland received several calls from northeast Ohio residents who wanted to know what happened, and a Columbus police dispatcher "was flooded" with inquiries.

A quake measuring 4.9 on the Richter scale hit near Cleveland on Jan. 31 and was felt in parts of 12 states and in Ontario, Canada. Seventeen people were treated for minor injuries.

Meanwhile, last week's earthquake near Palm Springs, Calif., has revived widespread predictions that a monster quake will strike the state within 50 years.

"California is not going to fall into the ocean," said Thomas Heaton, the scientist in charge of the U.S. Geological Survey department at Caltech.

But, "There certainly will be a strong quake in metropolitan Los Angeles," an area inhabited by 12 million people.

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE-TIMES

Earthquake shakes the Midwest

[Map showing the epicenter near St. Marys, Ohio, and surrounding states: MICHIGAN (Detroit), INDIANA (Fort Wayne), OHIO (Cleveland, Lima, St. Marys, Akron, Cincinnati), KENTUCKY (Covington)]

Tribune map

USGS scientists believe chances are as high as 75 percent that an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.0 on the Richter scale will occur along the San Andreas fault's Parkfield zone between Los Angeles and San Francisco within 20 years.

Caltech geologist Kerry Sieh said the chances of a 6.5 to 8.3 quake within 20 years are probably 90 percent.

Sieh said the chances are 2 percent to 5 percent of a "great quake of San Francisco magnitude occurring this year."

That earthquake, in 1906, is estimated to have had a magnitude of 8.2.

Japanese seismologist Kiyoo Mogi suggested in a study that there is a 50 percent chance that Southern California will be ravaged by an 8.3 jolt -- considered the ultimate quake -- within 30 years.

An earthquake of such a magnitude on a weekday afternoon would kill as many as 14,000 people in Southern California, according to a 1981 Federal Emergency Management Agency study.

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=== Page 52 of 99

Tremor Shakes Parts Of Midwest States

By The Associated Press 7/13/86

A mild earthquake centered in northern Ohio also rattled parts of Michigan, Indiana, West Virginia and Kentucky today, briefly knocking out power to about 30 Ohio families but causing no significant damage, authorities said.

A preliminary reading put the quake's magnitude at 4.2 on the Richter scale, said Don Finley, spokesman for the U.S. Geological Survey in Washington, D.C. The earthquake occurred at 4:20 a.m. EDT.

The quake was centered near St. Marys, a city of 8,400 people about 20 miles southwest of Lima in northwestern Ohio, where it knocked out power to 30 families for about a half-hour, authorities said.

"We had a few outages from the vibrations. They shook the pole tops. And we had transformers in each area go down for a while," said Bill Metzger, superintendent of the city power plant.

The tremor cracked plaster, popped floor tiles and ran long cracks in a wall at Joint Township District Memorial Hospital in St. Marys, said hospital spokesman Dave LaPoint.

He said about 140 people, including 75 patients, were in the hospital when the earthquake struck but no one was hurt.

In Palm Springs, Calif., meanwhile, authorities said few people Friday night reported feeling a 10:45 p.m. a quake aftershock centered about 12 miles north of the city and registering 4.0 on the Richter scale.

An earthquake Tuesday in the same area registered 5.9 on the Richter scale, said.

Authorities in several Ohio cities, including Cincinnati, Akron and Cleveland, received reports of the quake, as did authorities in Detroit; Covington, Ky.; and Fort Wayne, Ind.

A Parkersburg, W.Va., radio station said it received a half-dozen calls from listeners who felt the earth tremble.

A Lima police department dispatcher said some minor damage was reported.

"I think we had one window crack and some bricks fell off an old building," said dispatcher Ramona Modica. "It just scared a lot of people."

The Allen County, Ohio, sheriff's department said the department was deluged with about 100 telephone calls, but received no reports of damage.

Dispatcher Ron Foster at Michigan state police headquarters in East Lansing said the tremor was felt in metropolitan Detroit and Jackson County.

"It was mild. We've had no reports of damage," Foster said.

But the quake did waken some Michigan residents.

"I thought I was having a bad dream, but I woke up and it didn't stop," said Fran Maisano, 22, of the Detroit suburb of Southfield. "It really surprised me. I woke up and here I am bouncing around."

The Richter scale is a measure of ground motion as recorded on seismographs. Every increase of one number means a tenfold increase in the strength of the shaking.

The San Francisco earthquake of 1906, which occurred before the Richter scale was devised, has been estimated at 8.3 on the scale.

On Friday morning, an earthquake registering 3.7 on the Richter scale was felt in parts of Tennessee and Georgia, causing minor damage but no injuries; and California has had several aftershocks since an earthquake with a Richter reading of 5.9 struck Tuesday.

This was the second earthquake centered in Ohio this year.

The first quake was a magnitude 5.0 on Jan. 31 near Cleveland that was felt in parts of 12 states and Ontario. people in

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=== Page 53 of 99

# 2nd earthquake rattles West

Some windows broke but there was no major damage in the second big quake in a week.

By ALAN ADLER
Associated Press

Psi Ripple
Fri 7/11/86

OCEANSIDE, Calif. -- The second moderate earthquake in six days shook Southern California from the Pacific Ocean to the Arizona border Sunday, breaking windows, triggering rock slides and scaring not only humans but also animals at the San Diego Zoo.

One person died of a heart attack, but no other injuries were reported.

"I was really scared. Our bed started shaking violently, drawers started swinging open," said Miriam Shuster, a guest who ran out of the Hotel Laguna as the temblor and aftershocks shook Laguna Beach.

"I heard this big boom, like a sonic boom," said Gloria Butler, who was getting ready for work. "This was a definite rolling."

The temblor struck at 6:46 a.m., shaking people awake along a 150-mile stretch of coastline from San Diego to Oxnard, northwest of Los Angeles.

Impalas, giraffes, gazelles, antelopes and other hoof stock at the San Diego Zoo were brought to their feet by the shaking, said Mike Ahlering, zoo operations manager.

"The elephants were marching around with their ears out trying to figure out what's going on," he said. "The zebras were running back and forth in front of their exhibit."

The quake measured 5.3 on the Richter scale at the California Institute of Technology and was centered offshore 28 miles southwest of Oceanside, a northern San Diego County community 75 miles southeast of Los Angeles, said Caltech spokesman Dennis Meredith.

Six large aftershocks were recorded within two hours, Meredith said, the highest registering 4.5 on the Richter scale preceded by one at 4.0. The others ranged from 3.4 to 3.8, Meredith said.

The Scripps Institute of Oceanography in La Jolla called it the largest recorded quake in modern history in the immediate area offshore of the San Diego metropolitan area, said spokeswoman Jackie Parker. The previous record was 4.3, recorded July 7, 1984.

"It was frightening. The bed was shaking. ... Books flew off the shelves," said Perrin Lim of Del Mar.

At least one power line fell in Oceanside, caused a small power failure, said police Sgt. Dave Jones. "We've had a lot of phone calls from around the city. A lot of burglar alarms going off."

The San Onofre nuclear power plant, midway between San Diego and Los Angeles, was put on "unusual event" status -- the lowest of four levels of emergency response -- for about an hour while it was checked for

![Map showing the epicenters of the earthquakes in Southern California. The map indicates the San Andreas Fault and labels locations such as Los Angeles, Oceanside, San Diego, and Mexico. It shows the epicenter of last Tuesday's quake (6.0 on the Richter scale) near Desert Hot Springs and Palm Springs, and the epicenter of Sunday's quake (5.3 on the Richter scale) offshore from Oceanside.]

Tribune map

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=== Page 54 of 99

Southeast sizzle

Florida spared record heat that has killed 6 people

By ALAN SVERDLIK
Tribune Staff Writer

As record heat parched the Southeast for the ninth day in a row Monday while skipping over Florida, weather forecasters chalked up the Sunshine State's good fortunes to two factors: the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.

"If you consider that we have more direct sunlight than South Carolina, you can appreciate the power of the moderating influence of the water," said Bill Seiler, a National Weather Service meteorologist who has been forecasting Tampa Bay area weather for 18 years.

Indeed, the high-pressure system that sent temperatures skyrocketing in drought-plagued Georgia and South Carolina at the beginning of this month is having little or no impact on Florida.

But for those two states and others, the heat wave has been calamitous.

There have been six deaths, scores of forest fires, restrictions on the use of water and potential danger to thousands of acres of crops and cattle. Highs are expected to approach 100 degrees at least through today, with humidity in the 50 percent range.

In Tampa, however, temperatures stayed on course.

"Our high temperatures are not anywhere close to records," said Seiler, reeling off July highs between 87 and 92. "Our record highs are 97 and 98."

In contrast, the mercury touched 104 in Augusta, Ga., on July 9 and again Monday. That mark tied a record that had stood since 1878.

In Columbia, S.C., where temperatures have reached 104 three times since July 8, average highs for those days are about 81.

Also, rainfall is 15 to 20 inches lower than normal this year in Georgia, the Carolinas and Tennessee. In Florida, the figure is much closer to historical levels, with Tampa being only four inches below its normal rainfall tally.

Meteorologists are blaming the sizzling weather on a stagnant high-pressure system that is sitting over the region. High-pressure systems, which are areas of the atmosphere that weigh more than surrounding air masses, inhibit cloud formation and stave off cool fronts coming in from the Midwest or Canada.

"The norm is to have weather systems on the move," said Terry Murphy of the Weather Service's Atlanta office. "But sometimes it will sit up there and persist."

Murphy said Atlanta recorded 105 degrees in 1980 -- the last time high pressure stayed put for so long over the Southeast.

"This generally happens every summer, but only for two days or so," said meteorologist Tay Robinson of the U.S. Weather Service post in Columbia.

In that city, where temperatures have reached 100 degrees or more in the past seven days, the South Carolina Water Resources Commission met and declared northwestern and north-central parts of the state to be in severe drought emergency. That means that officials can restrict non-essential water use.

"In drier areas, (the drought) is probably the worst in 100 years, at least for this time of year."

See HEAT, Page 2A

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=== Page 55 of 99

# Dixieland Burning In Long Heat Wave

## Record Highs Sweep Southeast

By The Associated Press

Residents of three North Carolina communities face jail for five-minute showers, and limits on water use are spreading as the Southeast battles a farm-threatening drought and a 2-week-old heat wave blamed for nine deaths.

Despite scattered thunderstorms Monday night in Tennessee and South Carolina, forecasters held out no hope of relief today from what in some areas is the worst drought in a century and from record high temperatures.

"It's not widespread enough, it's just too spotty to make a difference," said Mike Looney, of the National Weather Service in Memphis, Tenn.

The National Weather Service predicted 100-degree temperatures today in parts of South Carolina, where it was 101 degrees in Columbia on Monday for the eighth straight day of triple-digit readings, a state record.

Officials in De Kalb County near Atlanta planned to open a shelter today for senior citizens to cool off. Augusta, Ga., hit 104 degrees Monday, tying a 98-year-old record.

"After you're on the street an hour or so you're soaked all the way through and you stay wet all day," said mailman Ken McDowell in Charleston, S.C., where the temperature hit 101 on Monday, when humidity made it feel like 111. It was a record seventh straight day of 100-plus temperatures.

"That's about the most miserable thing," McDowell said, "that you're soaked all the time."

The weekend deaths of two elderly men of heat stroke raised the number of heat-related fatalities in Georgia to four. Two heat-related deaths have been reported in North Carolina and one each in South Carolina, Virginia and Louisiana.

Georgia poultry producers and processors said the heat had killed more than 400,000 chickens within three days last week.

In addition to the heat, rainfall this year is 15 to 20 inches below normal in the Carolinas, Georgia and Tennessee. Parts of Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia and Delaware also are below normal.

"Unless abnormally high precipitation occurs within the next few months, streamflows and groundwater levels in much of the (Southeast) could be at their most critical levels in recent times," said Harold Golden, a U.S. Geological Survey hydrologist in Atlanta.

Faced with declining reservoirs, at least seven Tennessee utility districts have asked customers to limit water consumption.

Residents of Chapel Hill, Carrboro and southern Orange County, N.C., faced $50 fines or 30 days in jail if they showered longer than four minutes. They also are not allowed to fill swimming pools or wash cars, must limit lawn watering, and restaurants may only serve water upon request.

The South Carolina Water Resources Commission declared a severe drought alert for 13 counties, allowing regional committees to restrict non-essential water use.

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=== Page 56 of 99

# WE'RE BACK

U Fox Sun Attack Trib 6/27/86

# 44

**WTOG-TV**

Edward G. Aiken, General Manager

To our viewers:

It's never happened before, and we hope it never happens again.

WTOG-TV's tower was hit by lightning last Saturday night and we've been off the air. But we're back today, serving Tampa Bay like no other television station.

All your favorite programs are back on today . . . great movies, Dynasty, Dallas, all your kids' favorites like Thundercats, People's Court, plus Eyewitness News--the 10 p.m. report, and more.

We sincerely appreciate your patience and concern.

Once again, we're Together--Tampa Bay, Channel 44 and you!

Sincerely,

Ed Aiken
General Manager

A SUBSIDIARY OF HUBBARD HB

(37)


=== Page 57 of 99

# Thousands Flee Charley's Wrath

## 4 Deaths Blamed On Hurricane

UFO Sun Attack 0-SB 8/18/86

OCEAN CITY, Md. (AP) -- Hurricane Charley buffeted the mid-Atlantic states today, churning the ocean with 75 mph winds and forcing the evacuation of thousands of coastal residents after dumping torrential rains on North Carolina's Outer Banks.

The storm was blamed for at least four deaths, authorities said.

By mid-morning, as Charley headed northward over cooler waters, its punch was diminishing, said hurricane forecaster Bob Case. "We expect it to gradually decrease in the next 12 to 24 hours," he said.

The death toll included three people aboard a small plane that crashed into the Chesapeake Bay near Baltimore during a hurricane-spawned storm Sunday.

Authorities said two bodies were recovered from the bay and the third victim was believed dead. And a Manteo, N.C., woman died when her car apparently slipped into a canal on an Outer Banks causeway Sunday, state police said.

The causeway was flooded and reported impassable Sunday evening. Elsewhere on the Outer Banks, a foot of water surged into the Dare County house in Manteo, flooding was reported in the Stumpy Point community and water was 2 to 3 feet deep on the north end of the Oregon Inlet bridge, authorities said.

Charley caused power outages and flooding of up to 3 feet but little damage on North Carolina's Outer Banks on Sunday. As many as 10,000 tourists and residents fleeing the fragile islands jammed roads to the mainland for a short-lived evacuation.

The hurricane knocked down trees and signs on Virginia's mainland Sunday evening and left about 110,000 people without power, but caused no major damage, authorities said.

The storm also washed out a 250-foot section of Harrison's Pier, a Norfolk landmark.

Hurricane warnings were in effect today from Cape Charles, Va., to Sandy Hook, N.J. Less-severe hurricane watches and gale warnings were in effect from Sandy Hook to Chatham, Mass.

At 8 a.m., Charley's center was near latitude 38.2 north and longitude 74.5 west, about 50 miles south-southwest of Cape May. The storm was moving north-northeast at 10 mph, and was expected to continue moving parallel to the coast.

Charley is relatively small, with gale-force winds extending about 125 miles from the eye on the storm's edge.

Trib 7/24/86 UFO Sun Attack

# SOUTHEAST DROUGHT

Tribune photo by FRED FOX

South Carolina farmer Terry Blakely holds a wilted piece of corn, dried out by the lack of rain in the Southeast. Blakely, a third generation farmer, worries the drought may put him out of business.

(38)


=== Page 58 of 99

Cuts In Space Shuttle Spending Expected

WASHINGTON (AP) -- Congress is moving toward slashing the money that finances the military's use of the space shuttle, congressional sources say.

The House Armed Services Committee is expected to vote next week on a staff recommendation to slice $550 million from Air Force funds used for the program, the sources said Tuesday.

The bill containing that cut and other Pentagon spending targets should move to the House floor early next month, the sources said.

The Senate Armed Services Committee, meeting in closed session, approved a similar cut before the July 4 recess, said the sources, who spoke only on condition of anonymity. The Senate is expected to take up the measure within the next several weeks.

The $550 million reduction would slash the space shuttle program's operating budget by about 25 percent.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration announced this week that the next shuttle launch has been delayed an additional six months to the first quarter of 1988. NASA said engineers are working on a totally new design for the booster rocket that caused the Challenger space shuttle to explode shortly after liftoff on Jan. 28, killing its seven-member crew.

The reasoning behind the cutting of Air Force funds for the shuttle is that since it is unlikely to fly until 1988, the money is not needed, the sources said.

ranged for huge Air Force C-141 transport planes to be loaded with hay in Moline, Ill. and flown to Greenville, S.C.

Officials at South Carolina's Cooperative Extension Service at Clemson University worked around the clock to organize the haylift and to apportion the arriving supplies to the neediest farmers.

By 1:30 p.m. Monday, farmers from as far as 60 miles had arrived with their trucks at Donaldson Airfield outside Greenville. Temperatures rose to well over 100 degrees on the airport's tarmac, and the Red Cross set up a tent as shelter from the sun and provided water. An ambulance and medical crew stood ready to take care of heatstroke victims.

As the farmers waited, their trucks lined up orderly across the tarmac, they talked about their plight.

"It's pitiful; everything's drying up," said Jack Norwood, a retired teacher from Oconee County. "The cows are living in a swamp area. They're eating the bullrushes and swampgrass. I've already sold off my poorer quality cattle. Now I'm getting close to where I'm going to have to sell off the good stuff. I feel sorry for the older farmers. If they have to sell off their breeding stock, they won't come back."

"I'm hurting," said 75-year-old J.S. Maddox. "I've got 80-some cattle and eight bales of hay in the barn. The pasture looks like someone set fire to it. The spring crops didn't produce, and the summer ones don't look much better. Many of us don't realize how serious this is."

The sight of the plane heartened the farmers.

"We're all neighbors whether we're 850 miles away or right here," said Larry Ross, who had moved from Illinois to Donalds, S.C., six years ago. "I can picture my old neighbors in Elgin, Ill., who are saying, 'Larry, do you need some help?'"

As the low-slung, camouflaged-painted aircraft taxied to a halt, its hydraulic rear doors opened to reveal not the usual array of battle-ready troops and tanks, but 30,200 pounds of hay -- a flying silo.

But the optimism turned sour when the farmers found out this was the only plane arriving that day, and it was not carrying as much hay as expected. They were told not enough trucks were available in Illinois to carry all the donated hay to the Moline airfield, and their rations were cut in half.

"I don't know about all the money President Reagan is spending to fly this hay down here," said Jerry Glenn, an Anderson County farmer. "It might be more help to us if he used that money to send more hay down here on some tractor trailers."

More C-141 flights were scheduled into South Carolina and Georgia.

Reagan will join Campbell to greet one of the planes when it arrives in Columbia today.

A trainload of hay is expected to arrive soon in South Carolina -- the cost of the trip paid by CSX Transportation.

In Georgia, cattlemen drove 100 miles to Atlanta and waited in line Wednesday for their share of 40 tons of hay donated by Illinois farmers -- but the farmers know the donations are a temporary remedy.

Farmers seek disaster aid

While hay helps cattle and horses, it does nothing for farmers growing row crops or raising poultry.

Around Gainesville, Ga., chickens are king, and chickens don't last long if the temperature gets too high.

"It's high-intensity production here," said Bob Lowe, Hall County agricultural agent. "Each bird has about six-tenths of a square foot of space, and 20,000 to 70,000 birds are in a single poultry house. Those birds can't stand a lot of heat. One producer lost a total house when he lost power and the fans and hydro-coolers stopped. About 70,000 birds died in 20 to 30 minutes."

Between 180,000 and 220,000 chickens have died in Hall County alone, he said, out of the 8 million being produced there. And producers are worried that their wells will run dry as the ground water level drops.

Throughout central Georgia, where no groundwater is available for irrigating, corn, pasture crops, soybean and hay farms are all suffering, with 71 percent of the hay crops killed and 54 percent of the corn.

In North Carolina, tobacco is resistant to dry weather, but some growers have lost more than half of their Christmas tree seedlings put out this year. Cattle, corn and hay producers are suffering as badly as their South Carolina counterparts.

Governors of eight states -- Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland, Delaware, Georgia, Virginia and Florida -- have either applied for disaster relief or are planning to apply for all or parts of their states.

The heat wave has touched northwest Florida, where dry conditions have plagued farmers and turned lawns and cemetery plots a crispy brown.

Florida Agriculture Commissioner Doyle Conner estimated 50 percent of the peanut, corn, soybeans and tobacco crop that are the farming staples of several Panhandle counties would be lost if the drought and accompanying heat wave persists.


=== Page 59 of 99

# U.S. Declares 19 Florida Counties Farm Disaster Areas

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The U.S. Department of Agriculture declared 19 Florida counties disaster areas Friday to help farmers and ranchers recover from weeks of drought and heat.

"This disaster declaration means that farmers in North Florida will have the same assistance as farmers in the rest of the Southeast as they struggle to recover from the drought," said U.S. Sen. Paula Hawkins, R-Fla., who announced the declarations before state officials had been notified.

Twelve counties were identified earlier this week as eligible for aid because they border on counties in Alabama and Georgia that had been declared agricultural disaster areas.

Each of those 12 is included in the 19 newly declared counties.

The 19 counties are: Baker, Calhoun, Columbia, Gadsden, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Nassau, Okaloosa, Suwannee, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton and Washington.

Farmers in counties adjacent to all of those are now eligible to apply for aid, bringing to 30 the number of counties eligible for help.

Gov. Bob Graham had requested declarations in 21 counties two weeks ago. Escambia and Santa Rosa counties were included in his request but were not declared disaster areas. But because Okaloosa was one of the 19 counties and Santa Rosa is just west of Okaloosa, Santa Rosa farmers will be covered.

Graham's office initially was disturbed that Mrs. Hawkins was notified first of the declarations because it was Graham who requested the declarations. Also state officials had compiled statistics backing up the requests.

But after Graham confirmed the declarations with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, he said he was just pleased that help was on its way to farmers.

"He is pleased ... and how anyone was notified is really unimportant," said Anne Nelson, deputy press secretary for the governor. "The important thing is that the farmers are getting the assistance that they desperately need."

Weeks of drought and heat across the Panhandle have damaged crops and stunted their growth, leaving cattle without feed and farmers without much hope for productive yields this year.

The disaster declarations mean farmers, ranchers and foresters can apply for low-interest federal loans, discount cattle feed programs, reseeding programs and other forms of help.

# Challenger Crew Kin Files Damage Claim

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The first damage claim filed by a family of one of the seven Challenger astronauts alleges NASA ignored advice of engineers "that the space shuttle would likely blow up with the loss of all persons aboard."

And at least one other astronaut family is negotiating through a lawyer with Morton Thiokol, the manufacturer of the shuttle's booster rockets, for compensation as a result of the Jan. 28 explosion.

![Jane Smith]
Jane Smith

The damage claim, filed by the widow of pilot Michael J. Smith, asks $15 million for wrongful death and $100,000 for personal injury. It also raises an issue the National Aeronautics and Space Administration has never publicly addressed, alleging that Smith "was thrown about in the spacecraft and in the few seconds preceding his death, knew of his impending death."

"It alleges, as it must under the federal tort claims act, that we were negligent and as a result an accident occurred during which Smith died," Edward Frankle, deputy general counsel for the space agency, said Tuesday.

NASA has six months to act on the claim. After that -- or if the claim is rejected -- Smith's widow can sue in federal court, Frankle said.

Federal law bars government employees or their estates from bringing immediate suit against the United States. That would apply to five of the Challenger crew but not schoolteacher Christa McAuliffe or industry engineer Gregory Jarvis.

Jane Smith claims her husband was killed through the negligence of NASA through its employees, including former shuttle boss Jesse Moore, and Lawrence Mulloy, who has since been transferred from his post as manager of the booster rocket program.

She claims they "directed, allowed and participated in the launch of Challenger when they knew or should have known that the segments of the righthand solid rocket booster would not properly seal and that a catastrophic accident would likely occur as a result thereof."

She says also they should have known cold weather made it impossible or unlikely for the rocket joint seals to work properly, that the seals were inadequate and totally failed to meet acceptable standards.

She also claims NASA "disregarded and ignored the advice of competent and knowledgeable engineers to the effect that the space shuttle would likely blow up with the loss of all persons on board should the shuttle be launched under all the conditions which obtained at the time."

Mrs. Smith is represented by William F. Maready, an attorney in Winston-Salem, N.C.


=== Page 60 of 99

AP photo

Firefighters pour foam on a burning American Trans Air DC-10 parked at O'Hare International Airport Sunday in Chicago. No passengers were aboard when the mysterious fire broke out.

UFO Sim Attack - Procke Trib 8/11/86

# Storm-spawned flooding stuns the drought-parched Carolinas

UFO Sim Attack
Trib 8/11/86
United Press International

More rain ahead - 1B

Heavy rain in the Carolinas forced pajama-clad residents to flee their homes in boats Wednesday, and temperatures climbed into the 100s for the fourth day in the Southwest and along the West Coast.

A cold front pushing across the upper Plains after a day of record highs in Wyoming and South Dakota dropped temperatures to 20 to 30 degrees Wednesday. Record highs were set or tied in 16 cities in seven states from Texas to South Dakota on Tuesday, but Chester, Mont., reported a low of 33 degrees Wednesday morning.

Floodwaters rushed through South Carolina homes and streets for the second time in three days. About 75 people fled their Lockhart homes in boats early Wednesday after 6 inches of rain fell in two hours, officials said.

"Some of the people had to be moved in boats while they were still in their nightclothes," said Lucille Meadows, Union County disaster preparedness spokeswoman. "There was water everywhere, in homes and in cars. One car was almost swept away, and a man almost didn't make it out, but he did."

High water closed several streets in Columbia and Lexington, slowing rush-hour traffic and causing numerous accidents, authorities said.

"It's getting worse," said Henry Hight, a police dispatcher in Durham, N.C., where between 10 and 15 people were forced from their homes by midday. "We've got serious flooding through the city and county at this time and some homes are being partially evacuated. It's going to get a whole lot worse."

Fourteen inches of rain have fallen on Swanquarter, N.C., over two days, the weather service said. The rainfall has eased but not ended the region's worst drought in more than a century, officials said.

Two people drowned Monday when Scott Creek rose out of its banks during a 10-inch rain in Newberry, S.C.

In Gila Bend, Ariz., an overnight thunderstorm left about 2,000 people without power for their air conditioners. Temperatures were expected to come close to Tuesday's high of 111 degrees and power had not been restored by Wednesday afternoon, officials said.


=== Page 61 of 99

# Storms flood western New York; softball-size hail hits Nebraska

Associated Press

Heavy thunderstorms unleashed floods as deep as 10 feet and inundated roads and bridges in western New York on Friday, forcing more than 200 families to flee their homes.

"We've got side streets that looked like rapids," said Police Chief Richard A. Stitzel in Gowanda, N.Y. "We saw cars actually float down the street."

Violent weather also struck the Plains for a second day, with a tornado whirling through the Nebraska Panhandle around daybreak. A severe thunderstorm watch was posted for parts of Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma and Arkansas.

No injuries were reported in Gowanda, Fredonia and Silver Creek, the New York towns about 30 miles southwest of Buffalo that were hit by the flooding as deep as 3 feet.

Canadaway Creek, which winds through Fredonia, flooded streets with 6 to 10 feet of water, said police Sgt. Stephen Babcock. More than 100 families were evacuated, he said.

All roads leading into Fredonia were closed and all bridges had overflowed, according to police and the Chautauqua County sheriff's department.

In Gowanda, Stitzel said so much water poured into town that it led to a false report that an earthen dam had broken.

"It just didn't seem possible that any amount of rain could cause this amount of water," he said. "I've lived in this community nearly 50 years, and I never saw the (Cattaraugus) creek get to this level."

In Nebraska, strong thunderstorms struck 25 miles northwest of Chadron around 5:20 a.m. MDT, and radar indicated a tornado not long after that. The Dawes County Sheriff's Office reported no reports of damage or injuries.

Northern and central Nebraska was hit by a severe thunderstorm Thursday, with hail damaging an estimated 25,000 acres of cropland in Dawson County.

Winds were estimated at up to 80 mph and hailstones as large as softballs were reported. Highways were covered with up to 8 inches of hail at

# South continues to sizzle under unrelenting, deadly heat wave

Tribune Staff and Wires

There was no respite Sunday from the lethal 2-week-old heat wave in the Southeast as temperatures rebounded toward 100, and sporadic thunderstorms have done little to ease the region's drought that has caused crop damage estimated at up to $700 million.

Temperatures sizzled above 100 across much of Georgia, including a record 104 at Augusta and 103 at Macon, Waycross and Alma, and some adjoining sections Sunday, with humidity in Georgia easing from well above 50 percent to between 30 percent and 40 percent.

The National Weather Service said parts of the Southeast could expect some relief this week but that temperatures would return to 100 by Thursday.

Temperatures in the Bay are expected to continue today and Tuesday in the low 90s, with thunderstorms occurring anytime, weather service forecasters say. The chance of rain is 20 percent. Lows in the mid to upper 70s are predicted.

Heat has been blamed for the deaths this month of at least seven people in Georgia, four in North Carolina, four in Indiana, two in Missouri and one each in South Carolina, Virginia, Louisiana, Illinois and Michigan.

One brief respite from the heat came in Montgomery, Ala., which got 1.51 inches of rain during a storm that left 31 fires, more than 50 traffic accidents and more than 2,000 households without electricity, city officials said.

The weather service said that while sporadic storms had replenished water supplies in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia, that did little to help farmers ravaged by the worst spring drought on record.

Crop losses in Virginia are estimated at nearly $61.5 million, and the Georgia Department of Agriculture estimated damage at $140 million.

Crop losses in South Carolina are estimated at $100 million, and the governor said he would seek a federal disaster declaration for at least two-thirds of the state. Some North Carolina experts say $400 million of the state's $4 billion annual farm income may already be lost.

# Torrential Rains Sweep S. Carolina

LOCKHART, S.C. (AP) -- Torrential rains swept across drought-plagued South Carolina for the second day Wednesday, causing flooding and forcing about 100 people in two small communities to evacuate.

"First we dry up and now we're going to drown," said Jean Davis, 43, who was rescued by boat early Wednesday after her home here flooded.

Seventy other residents in the community of about 100 near the North Carolina border also evacuated, authorities said.

The thunderstorms spawned by a tropical air mass come on the heels of the state's worst recorded drought, and were expected to continue Thursday.

Despite the rain, Charlotte Camp of the weather service said the state was still in "the drought stages."

A flash flood watch continued through Wednesday night for all but the coastal areas of the state. No injuries or deaths were reported.

Betty Smith, 60, said she carried her handicapped grandson through raging floodwater to high ground after her Lockhart house was inundated by waist-high water.

"It looked like a river flowing by. I was afraid we was going to drown and lose my house completely," she said as neighbors and friends carried waterlogged furniture out of her living room.

Annette Sutherland, 43, said she carried two of her bulldogs to safety but lost 10 puppies in the flooding.

"I was up to my waist in water when I decided to get out. I swam out holding on to one bulldog and a chain link fence." She said a johnboat rescued them.

"We've gone straight from the most severe drought we've ever had to a pretty much common springtime flood situation," said Sam Baker, a weather service hydrologist.

A gully-washer fed by 6 inches of rain in slightly more than three hours flooded a hollow in Lockhart. Sixteen homes suffered major damage and 14 others had minor damage, according to Stanley Williamson of the American Red Cross.

The high school, the post office, churches, several businesses and trailers also were damaged.

(42)


=== Page 62 of 99

Unusual July rain knocks out electricity in Los Angeles area

UFO Sun Attack 7/24/86

Rain pelts Tampa - 5A

Tribune Wires

7/24/86

Thunderstorms swept across the Los Angeles basin overnight, sprinkling the area with a rare July rain and knocking out power to at least 50,000 homes, officials said.

In the Pacific, Hurricane Estelle smashed homes with 20-foot waves, forcing evacuation of about 200 residents of Hawaii, then moved back to sea, leaving a drenching rain storm in its wake.

And in the West, fire crews contained a day-old 6,000-acre range fire in eastern Idaho as California fire teams moved to enclose a brush fire 30 miles northeast of Los Angeles that scorched 3,900 acres of national forest.

The western thunderstorms, which moved into Orange and Los Angeles counties from the south, dropped 0.13 inch of rain in downtown Los Angeles, a record for the day. The previous record was just a trace of rain.

South of Reno, Nev., a few homes in New Washoe City were flooded Tuesday night when a section of the Derby Grade dam gave way during a rain storm. No one was injured.

The Nevada storms also briefly cut power to several thousand homes were without electricity in the Reno area last night.

High winds and raging surf on the southeast corner of the island of Hawaii severely battered 10 buildings, knocking five of them off their foundations as the hurricane's outer edge battered the area.

By late morning, westward-moving Estelle had been downgraded to a tropical storm by the National Weather Service.

Civil Defense officials said they anticipated losses would mount as residents returned to the area and began assessing the full impact of the storm's wrath.

Police Lt. Newton Lyman said an initial survey indicated "considerable damage."

Bruce Butts of the Hawaii County Civil Defense office said there was no early damage figure in the wake of the storm.

Light rain in the San Gabriel Wilderness Area of California's Angeles National Forest helped fire crews contain 90 percent of the brush fire by midday, a U.S. Forest Service spokeswoman said.

SOUTHEAST DROUGHT

Maryland

Delaware

Virginia

N. Carolina

S. Carolina

Columbia

Atlanta

Alabama

Georgia

Florida

Tampa

The present dry spell has been caused by a high pressure system that is hanging over the South, forcing moisture to the north and keeping coastal storms from moving inland. As the land dries out, the temperatures go higher, and readings higher than 100 degrees have been reported throughout the region - 15 days in a row in Columbia.

Source: AP

Tribune graphic by WARREN HUSKEY

Seared Southeast gets little relief as drought leaves deadly legacy

Tribune Staff and Wires

9/1/86

Lower temperatures brought slight relief to the sun-baked Southeast and Plains on Thursday, but the drought is leaving a legacy of blighted produce and ruined farms.

The lethal heat and dry weather stretched from Pennsylvania to Florida and from the East Coast as far west as Texas and Wisconsin. Farmers have suffered more than an estimated $2.3 billion in crop and livestock damage, and more than 66 people have died in the monthlong, hot spell.

"It could rain every day from now until it starts snowing and it won't mean a hill of beans," said Bill Anderson, an agricultural agent in Florence County, Wis. "It's like open heart surgery on a dead man."

Anderson said the 40 farmers in Florence County might need 120,000 to 240,000 bales of hay to make up for their loss.

Hay "bailouts" continued Thursday, with shipments heading from as far as Maine to Southern states.

Temperatures will stay above normal in most of the drought area, though the mercury may decline somewhat from the record-breaking levels of the last week, said Pete Reynolds of the National Weather Service Severe Storms Center in Kansas City, Mo. In parts of Tennessee, today's highs were forecast to be "only" in the 90s, some of the coolest high temperatures there in a month.

On Thursday, Macon, Ga., posted 100 degrees, beating a 99-degree mark set in 1961. But Asheville, N.C., had a record low temperature: 53 degrees, three degrees cooler than the record set in 1966.

Storms sweeping over the South and Plains won't alleviate the dry conditions, forecasters said, adding that most showers will be widely scattered, "nothing real substantial to break the drought situation down there."

In the Tampa Bay area, the breakthrough from cloudy weather appears to be lasting. Forecasters say today and Saturday would be mostly sunny except for widely scattered thunderstorms.

The record temperatures listed in this story are based on the period from midnight to midnight (day of the week). They may not match the list (on Page 2A or at right), which reports recent overnight lows and daytime highs without regard to the 24-hour calendar day. Both lists are prepared by the National Weather Service.

43


=== Page 63 of 99

# Sprinklings fail to ease drought

Associated Press

President Reagan posed for pictures with farmers in drought-ravaged South Carolina on Thursday, praising their mettle and promising federal aid, while parts of Dixie got sprinklings of rain but no real relief from the weeks-old deadly dry spell.

There were more Air Force "bale-outs" -- hay donated from the Midwest and North -- for famished Southern livestock. Georgia's governor planned a prayer service, an Alabama radio station had a "How Hot Is It?" contest and a shipment of ice was flown from South Bend, Ind., to Piedmont, S.C.

State officials estimated the drought's price tag at more than $1.6 billion. Georgia, South Carolina, Virginia and Delaware have asked for federal disaster aid, and Tennessee was preparing a request.

The triple-digit heat of early July has abated in the South this week, said Bill Barlow of the National Weather Service Severe Storms Forecast Center. And scattered rain hit Georgia and the Carolinas, with 3 inches falling on Augusta, Ga., on Thursday. More storms were developing from Virginia through the Southeast to Mississippi and eastern Tennessee.

Authorities in the South say 43 people have died of the heat this month.

The heat has also killed more than a half-million chickens and the drought has left fruits and vegetables drying on the vine, spawning higher wholesale prices for poultry in California and produce in New England, officials say.

Oklahoma farmer Bern Alberda had 1,000 bales of prairie hay he wanted to send to Dixie.

"You know, this shows how crazy farmers are, how we aren't good businessmen," Alberda said. "A businessman might see someone in need and he's got something and he might jack up the price. ... We take care of each other and I guess that's the way we're supposed to be."

Other donations have come from Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, New York and Wisconsin, with deliveries planned from as far as Oregon.

The heat wave in the South and Midwest has pushed electric output to all-time highs for the last fortnight, the Edison Electric Institute announced Thursday in Boston. Last week, electricity output increased in the Southeast by 14 percent over last year's figures for the period.

Damage in Alabama is estimated at $750 million; North Carolina $400 million; Georgia $182.5 million; South Carolina $100 million; Maryland $89 million; Virginia $61.5 million; Delaware $40 million, and West Virginia $15 million.

UPI photo

A pair of hungry beef cows go down on their front legs to reach what little grass they can find under the fence of a Conyers, Ga., farm.


=== Page 64 of 99

Three Killed By Storms In Ireland

UFO Sun Attack 8:58 8/26/88

DUBLIN, Ireland (AP) -- High winds and torrential rains lashed Britain and Ireland, killing three people and forcing the evacuation of up to 1,000 others as the tail end of Hurricane Charley swept over northern Europe.

According to the London weather bureau, the only part of Britain to escape Monday's stormy weather was the north of Scotland.

Rescue workers in Ireland recovered the bodies of a woman and a 7-year-old girl from Dublin's River Liffey and police said they believed the two were blown into the water by 60-mph winds.

In Northern Ireland, a workman installing sewage pipes at Newry in the southeast of the British-ruled province was killed when a rain-soaked trench caved in, police said.

Up to 1,000 people were evacuated from their homes in the Irish seaside town of Bray 12 miles south of Dublin Monday night when the rain-swollen River Dargle burst its banks, creating floods up to 5 feet deep.

"The water is flowing right through houses and shops. ... It is already up to the roofs of cars, and the town is now cut off, said a police spokesman who spoke on condition he not be further identified.

Flooding also occurred near Dublin, with areas around the River Dodder, which runs into the Liffey, particularly hard hit.

The storm also badly disrupted car and passenger ferry links across the Irish Sea between Ireland and Britain.

High winds knocked over six passenger cars on the Fairbourne Light Railway at Dolgellau in Gwynedd, North Wales, according to Press Association, the domestic news agency. It said the 12 passengers escaped unhurt.

Downpours in Britain washed out the August bank holiday, the last long weekend of the summer, causing hazardous driving conditions and many accidents among returning vacationers.

A British Royal Navy patrol vessel, the 998-ton HMS Jersey, meanwhile, rescued five people including three children from a French yacht Monday in the storm-lashed English Channel.

Falmouth Coast Guards in the county of Cornwall, the southwest tip of England, said the rescue took place north of the Scilly Isles.

In another rescue, Falmouth Coast Guards said a lifeboat from Penlee in Cornwall on Monday night took two people off a Swedish yacht that was in trouble in the English Channel.

# 100-Degree Heat Wave Widens Grip

The Associated Press

UFO Sun Attack 8:58 7/8/88

Southeastern farmers are flooding slaughterhouses with cattle they can't feed because of a drought that's shriveled more than $300 million in crops, and Dixie's heat has spread to the Midwest, felling football players and soldiers.

The temperature in Ocala soared to a sizzling 96 Thursday with a early morning low of 73. The temperature this morning at the water plant was 71. No rainfall was reported at the Ocala plant Thursday, although there were reports of scattered showers in the surrounding area.

No relief is in sight through the weekend from the heat that has contributed to 15 deaths and prompted farmers and officials to seek help from the federal government and from states in cooler parts of the country.

Today's highs were expected to be around 100 degrees in Georgia and the Carolinas and in the 90s from the Southern Plains through the Great Lakes, the mid-Atlantic states and the Southeast.

Highs Thursdays were in the mid to upper 90s from Kentucky, Michigan and Ohio to North Carolina and northern Florida. The 96 degrees in Traverse City, Mich., broke a 22-year-old record. It was 94 in Chicago.

The temperature in downtown Columbia, S.C., hit 100 for the 12th straight day, and the same reading in Charlotte, N.C., tied a 99-year-old record.

Only scattered thunderstorms were expected today after hitting parts of Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina on Thursday, with Charleston getting a drenching 1.72 inches.

"That's quite a bit," said Scott Tansey of the National Severe Storms Forecast Center in Kansas City, Mo. "The only problem about the rainfall in the Southeast is that it's spotty and it's not enough."

Corn, hay and soybeans in the Southeast have been most affected by the drought.

Offers of hay and free transportation to get it to the state are coming from as far away as Minnesota, he said. There's a firm commitment of 30 tons of hay from Indiana and promises from Illinois and Iowa, but the state's cattle consume 200 to 300 tons daily, he said.

The heat has been blamed on the deaths of a 16-year-old girl in Indiana, a 19-year-old man in Illinois, and for seven people in Georgia, three in North Carolina and one each in South Carolina, Virginia and Louisiana.

Sixty-five National Guardsmen training at Camp Atterbury, 20 miles south of Indianapolis, have been treated for heat-related ailments since Wednesday as temperatures in the 90s combined with high humidity made it seem like 100 degrees, said First Lt. Cathi Kiger. None of the cases was considered serious.

Heat exhaustion also sidelined National Football League players at the St. Louis Cardinals' training camp at Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, prompting coach Gene Stallings to cut short afternoon practices.

Three Atlanta Falcons players were treated for heat cramps after practice practice in the 90-plus degree heat at Suwanee, Ga.

(45)


=== Page 65 of 99

Officials in parched Southeast seek help during record drought

UFO Sun Attack 7/18/86

Tribune Staff and Wires

Officials of parched Southeastern states turned to the federal government, Midwestern farmers and neighbors Thursday for help in feeding livestock during a record drought that has turned pastureland to dust.

Atlanta residents faced the prospect of water restrictions for the first time in their history, and no relief was forecast for the heat wave blamed for 14 deaths as it spread to the Midwest.

Highs in the mid to upper 90s were reported Thursday from Kentucky, Michigan and Ohio to North Carolina and North Florida. The temperature in downtown Columbia, S.C., reached 100 for the 12th straight day.

The drought has withered crops across much of Dixie, and the dryness combined with heat has been a fatal double blow to livestock. Nearly a million chickens have been reported killed in Georgia, Delaware, Maryland and North Carolina.

The office of Georgia Gov. Joe Frank Harris asked the U.S. Agriculture Department on Wednesday to make livestock feed available to farmers. In North Carolina, officials said 50 counties had applied for federal disaster aid.

Offers of hay and free transportation to get it to South Carolina are coming in from as far away as Minnesota. There's a firm commitment of 30 tons of hay from Indiana.

Sen. Mack Mattingly, R-Ga., announced Thursday that the USDA was putting together a task force to tour Georgia, Alabama and the Carolinas next week and develop recommendations for government assistance. Mattingly said he hopes a decision on aid can be made by the end of next week.

In the meantime, the City Council of Hickory, N.C., agreed to donate water from Lake Hickory to needy farmers designated by the state.

In the Tampa Bay area, today and Saturday will start out sunny, with a chance of afternoon thunderstorms, the National Weather Service says.

The rain chances are 30 percent today and 30 percent Saturday, ac-

Surge of thunderstorms slams Ohio, leaving cool air in wake

UFO Sun Attack 8/27/86

United Press International

A line of thunderstorms that downed trees and power lines across the upper Midwest on Tuesday moved into Ohio with gale-force winds, shattering windows and ripping the roof off a school.

The storms stretched from northern Ohio across Iowa and Minnesota into western Kansas and eastern Colorado, the National Weather Service said.

The storms were followed by cool air in the 60s and 70s and gusty winds across the upper Great Lakes, Iowa and Nebraska. At midday, it was 69 in Waterloo, Iowa, and 66 Grand Rapids, Mich.

Winds of 70 mph shattered windows and ripped the roof off Homewood Elementary School in Lorain in northern Ohio. There were no injuries.

The storms also produced up to 1 inch of rain in less than 30 minutes in many locations, including the Cleveland suburb of Westlake, the weather service said. Ahead of the stormy weather sunshine pushed temperatures well into the 80s over most of Ohio.

Earlier in the day, the storms downed trees and power lines in Austin, Minn., and more than an inch of rain fell in a few hours at Westby, Wis.

In Illinois, a 16-year-old grounds worker was struck and killed by lightning at the Ellwood Golf Course in Genoa.

Thunderstorms turned skies over Chicago's Loop a murky green as commuters braved the sudden downpour to get to work. The storms knocked out power to nearly 12,000 residents on the west side of Chicago and in western and northern suburbs, officials said.

UFO Sun Attack 0.90 8/26/86

Typhoon Knocks Out Power On Okinawa; One Man Killed

TOKYO (AP) -- Typhoon Vera struck the island of Okinawa with 95-mph winds early Tuesday, leaving one person dead and more than 28,000 homes without electricity, police reported.

The Central Meteorological Agency described the typhoon as "very large and powerful" when it hit the southern Japanese island, and said it was heading west toward China.

A police spokesman said a 30-year-old man was killed when he was struck by a heavy mooring rope while preparing his boat for the storm.

He said he had no reports of other injuries, but five houses were flooded and two block-long retaining walls beside a road collapsed.

Tsuneo Gima, a government official, said that at 9 a.m., three hours after the typhoon first hit Okinawa, the capital city of Naha was "in the typhoon's eye and rather quiet."

He said power outages affected 28,400 houses, and many department stores and other shops in Naha did not open Tuesday morning.

Western fire nearly contained

UFO Sun Attack Tue 8/26/86

CROUCH, Idaho -- Firefighters, subdued by the deaths of four fellow crew members, attempted to dig the last mile of fire line by hand Monday in their struggle to encircle the last major Western forest blaze still out of control. The Anderson fire was one of 6,895 infernos -- mostly lightning-caused -- that charred an estimated 742,600 acres in the West this month and led to a war-like deployment of 18,000 firefighters.

World Briefs

5 dead in French fires

UFO Sun Attack Tue 8/26/86

NICE, France -- Thousands of firefighters Monday battled wind-whipped fires that have killed five people, injured 190 and ravaged 25,000 acres of forest and scrubland in a three-day sweep across southern France.

Officials said one of the fiercest fire fronts, near the town of Chateauneuf-Le-Rouge, was brought under control Monday. Scores of cars and homes have been destroyed by the fires.

(47)


=== Page 66 of 99

# Coast Guard seizes oft-distressed boat

MIAMI (UPI) -- A sailing vessel rescued nine times since last November and three times this month alone, at a cost of thousands of dollars to the government, was seized and its pilot was arrested and physically restrained, the Coast Guard said Monday.

James M. Carolyon of Jacksonville, skipper of the 54-foot sailing vessel C-Lyon, was arrested Sunday night 30 miles northeast of Cape Canaveral when he "raised a big ruckus" because a Coast Guard boarding crew told him his boat was being impounded, Petty Officer Brand Ian said.

Ian said officers had to physically restrain and handcuff Carolyon Sunday night. Carolyon was taken to Port Canaveral Monday aboard a 41-foot Coast Guard vessel. He was then turned over to U.S. marshals and was taken to Orlando to face charges of impeding boarding officers.

His vessel was towed into Port Canaveral Monday afternoon, the Coast Guard said.

Ian said Carolyon issued a distress call at 7:45 p.m. Sunday, saying the C-Lyon was disoriented, had drifted for two days and was taking on water. He said four people were aboard the craft.

The Coast Guard sent a cutter, a smaller boat and an airplane to the scene. But while they were en route, officers checked Coast Guard records and determined it was the ninth distress call issued by Carolyon third this month.

"The captain of the C-Lyon was informed that his vessel was being terminated" when the Coast Guard arrived at the scene, Ian said. "That means he is unable to move it once it is docked until everything is investigated -- the vessel, the captain's license, everything."

Petty Officer Luis R. Diaz said Carolyon had reported on July 5 that he was adrift, his engine was out of commission and he was taking on water 20 miles southeast of Mayaguana Island in the extreme southeast Bahamas. He was towed by the Coast Guard to Great Inagua Island in the Bahamas.

"On July 18, he said he was aground just outside Nassau Harbor," Diaz said. "He said he had a 35- to 40-degree list and was afraid he would break up any minute, which obviously didn't happen."

On that occasion, Diaz said, Carolyon was refloated and towed into Nassau Harbor.

"We can't really put a dollar figure on these rescue operations," Diaz said, "but in terms of equipment and manpower alone it's enormous."

Diaz said Sunday night's rescue alone involved a Coast Guard cutter, a 41-foot utility boat and a Falcon jet from Air Station Miami. He said two cutters and a plane were used in the July 5 rescue operation.

None of the C-Lyon's passengers were hurt.

# Streams retreat as South sizzles

ATLANTA (AP) -- The drought of 1986 has gone beyond an agricultural crisis and is seriously threatening rivers, streams and groundwater sources across the South, a U.S. Geological Survey scientist said Friday.

"The rainfall deficits don't tell the whole story," said Harold Golden, a USGS hydrologist in Atlanta.

"During the growing seasons, the agriculture people will tell you if you go two weeks without rain, that's a drought," Golden said. "But it's obviously more serious than that this year. We're now also in a hydrologic drought."

Water sources such as rivers, large streams and groundwater have fallen to critically low levels, not only because of lack of rainfall, but because that lack has forced farmers and others to deplete water sources that remain.

"The hydrologic impacts are the last ones to be seen," Golden said.

"Some of the deeper aquifers that are sources of groundwater have lost huge quantities for irrigation," he said.

The months-old drought in the Southeast has been blamed for $2.3 billion in agriculture and forestry losses. A concurrent heat wave has been blamed for at least 117 deaths in the Southeast and Midwest.

Across the Southeast, water flow in streams and rivers is at record low levels. In July, the healthiest stream monitored by the USGS was Contentnea Creek on the North Carolina coast, flowing at 49 percent of normal.

At the other end of the scale was south Georgia's Alapaha River, which was flowing at just 11 percent of normal volume.

Rainfall for much of the South remains more than a foot below normal this year. Parts of north Georgia received a hard rain at midday Friday, but the entire South needs months of wet weather for lakes and streams to be at normal levels by this time next year, Golden said.

"We're entirely dependent on rainfall occurring over the winter and spring months," he said. "And we can't even predict that three days ahead."

# Fields Bone-Dry In Seared South

By The Associated Press

Farmers coast to coast are donating tons of hay to the seared South, where a drought has caused more than $1.5 billion in damage, and cattlemen in Georgia waited more than 16 hours for feed for their starving livestock.

Scattered thunderstorms that dropped more than 4½ inches of rain on Cornelia, Ga., within 70 minutes Thursday afternoon and kept temperatures below 100 degrees for the third straight day provided some relief from the drought and heat wave, which has been blamed for 43 deaths.

South Carolina's governor has asked that 39 of the state's 46 counties be declared disaster areas, making them eligible for low-interest federal loans. Georgia's governor has proclaimed Sunday a day of prayer for rain, and the mayor of Chattanooga, Tenn., proclaimed "Cool It Week" and urged residents to dress casually to keep cool.

President Reagan provided moral support during a barnstorming visit to Columbia, S.C., praising farmers for their mettle and promising "everything that our farm program can do."

See Nation's on page 10A


=== Page 67 of 99

# Officials See Long-Term Drought Impact In Panhandle

UFO Sun Attack c.SB 7/30/86

TALLAHASSEE (AP) -- Agriculture officials estimated Tuesday that 1,600 tons of hay have been donated to farmers in the parched Panhandle, almost all of it from fellow Florida farmers who benefited from steady rains farther south.

Agriculture Commissioner Doyle Conner said another 20,000 tons or so of hay are available at cost or discount prices.

"For the short term, the farmers are beginning to see the light," said Jeff Miller, state Department of Agriculture senior programs specialist and coordinator of the relief effort.

He said three truckloads of hay for livestock arrived Tuesday at Chipley in Washington County.

Another three truckloads of hay will go to Jackson County on Thursday, officials confirmed.

Last week, a convoy of eight trucks hauled more than 100 tons of hay to the Florida State Farmers' Market in Bonifay.

Officials say Bonifay has been distribution point for most hay because it is the center of the drought stricken area.

Conner said 50 percent of North Florida pasture land was critically damaged by this summer's intense heat and drought.

"We will feel for a long time the impact of this drought," Conner said.

Some of the impact may be felt this winter.

"We're looking at a long-term problem with the winter months ahead of us," Miller said.

"The barns usually are stocked with hay and now they're standing empty in the fields.

"We're looking ahead to see what can be done," Miller added.

Officials still are reviewing damage reports to determine whether to seek additional federal aid for the Panhandle counties.

## Parched Southeast restricts water use

UFO Sun Attack

Trib 8/3/86

Associated Press

Relentless heat and 26 months of below normal rainfall have led to restrictions on outside water use in parts of the Southeast, and officials are urging customers to help conserve supplies inside their homes.

"It's going to get worse. It's certainly not going to get better," said Jim Haynes, director of the Tennessee Division of Water Supply.

# Heat Wave Victims

UFO Sun Attack 8/3/86

The New York Times

COLUMBUS, Ga. -- The sun burns so fiercely in central Georgia that the area is known as the heat belt. In a normal year the heat is insufferable. In this year of drought it has become deadly.

Thirty-one people have died in Georgia this year of heat-related illnesses, more than in any other state, and 28 of them died in the heat belt, a broad swath of sun-scorched earth stretching eastward from Columbus to Augusta. But according to statistics kept by the Georgia Department of Human Resources, those who died had more in common than geography: Most were elderly, most were poor and most were black.

They were people like James Epps, a 57-year-old black paraplegic from Hamilton, just north of Columbus. Two weeks ago, as a heat wave simmered across the South, Epps began to complain to his wife, Beretha, that he was hot.

"He was just boiling up with fever," said Mrs. Epps. "He said to me, 'It's hot, too hot.' And he was just sweating and sweating and sweating." On July 24 Epps died of heat stroke, another casualty in a heat wave that has killed more than 75 people across the South.

In July the pace of death accelerated as temperatures climbed above 100 degrees Fahrenheit and stayed there for days, setting new heat records in scores of Southern cities. Most of the 31 people who have died of heat in Georgia this year died in the last three weeks of July.

State and private officials in Georgia have responded to the crisis by distributing fans, repairing air conditioners and broadcasting warnings about heat. But the heat continues to kill, especially in poor and rural areas where some people live on less than $200 a month and, after paying for medicine, utilities and rent, cannot afford an $18 fan.

Just as Middle Western farmers See Heat on page 12A

In Pensacola, Fla., where Escambia County officials already had limited lawn watering, seams buckled on a tank Saturday and dumped about 1 million gallons of water.

Water consumption had been hitting 33 million gallons a day, and customers had been using about half of the lost tank's supply in a three-hour period each morning, said Steve Burgess, assistant to the executive director of the Escambia County Utilities Authority. "This just aggravates things," he said.

Clayton County, Ga., officials have barred residents from watering lawns and cars, and asked restaurants not to serve water with meals.

In North Carolina, mandatory water conservation in Orange County, Durham and Charlotte includes no lawn sprinkling, car washing or filling swimming pools. Violators may be fined $100 or spend 30 days in jail.

Beach-goers in Atlantic Beach, N.C., can't use outside showers to wash off sand, and boat owners cannot hose down their crafts.

The Georgia Department of Natural Resources' environmental protection division has restricted outdoor water use in 103 municipalities, all but one of them in northern Georgia where lakes are down to very low levels.

(49)


=== Page 68 of 99

40 pilot whales head for beaches of Marco Island

At least eight whales died after they beached on an island about 20 miles south of Naples.

By KIM KLEMAN
Tribune Staff Writer

MARCO ISLAND -- Rescue efforts Thursday may have saved many of the 40 black pilot whales that swam into shallow waters here, officials say, but at least eight that beached ashore are dead.

Rescue crews late Wednesday and early Thursday dragged many of the slick black creatures back into deeper water and patrolled the area so those and others wouldn't slip back to shore.

But at least eight whales died, their fins bobbing in the shallows off Sea Oat Island, less than 20 miles south of Naples, as experts prepared to perform necropsies. It will take weeks before results are known fully, said officials from Sea World in Orlando, who drove to the scene for the rescue.

"There could be a hundred reasons," the animals were found inland, said Mike Walsh of Sea World.

Happenstance isn't one of them, he said.

"Most of the marine mammals that come up and beach have some reason," Walsh said. "Something is usually wrong."

Preliminary results showed parasites in the stomachs and intestines of some of the whales, which probably contributed to their death, officials said.

The whales were first spotted Wednesday evening between Capri Pass and Hurricane Pass, north of Marco Island, said Collier County sheriff's Sgt. Grady Johnson. Then they swam into Marco Bay, he said.

"They just seemed confused, totally confused," said Johnson, a sheriff's marine patrol official who monitored the whales all night and Thursday morning.

"I've been with the department

See WHALES, Page 6B

SUNDAY, JULY 27, 1986

Town Shuts Off Water For Hours To Conserve

Continued from page 1A

In Georgia, the city of Flovilla planned to turn off its water system from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday and today to conserve the precious resource, said City Clerk Virginia Williams. Barnesville reopened two wells closed for 40 years.

Eight U.S. senators, meanwhile, urged Agriculture Secretary Richard Lyng to act quickly on applications for federal disaster aid from the region. Their request came as Martin asked Washington to declare North Carolina a disaster area to make the state eligible for emergency loans and grants.

Parts of South Carolina, Virginia and Florida have been declared disaster areas, and a dozen Tennessee counties have asked for federal aid.

South Carolina Gov. Dick Riley urged churches and synagogues to pray for rain this weekend.

"Our farmers are watching their farms, and in many instances their way of life, wither away with the lack of rain and searing heat," Riley said. "Many of us have learned just how precious our state's water supply really is."

Some rain fell Friday on parched North Carolina, and the National Weather Service predicted more today across the Tennessee Valley and the Carolinas to the central Gulf Coast and Florida.

"Anything we get is certainly not going to hurt anything. It's going to be helpful. This is the kind of typical summer weather that we needed to see all summer long -- afternoon and evening showers," said forecaster Mike Sabones in Raleigh, N.C. "But still, we're chipping away at the problem."

The heat has been blamed for at least 44 deaths this month -- 19 in Georgia; four each in North Carolina, Missouri, Indiana and Illinois; two each in Alabama, Kentucky and South Carolina and one each in Virginia, Louisiana and Michigan.

Columbia stifles under siege

By LARRY HAUETER

COLUMBIA, S.C. -- Masada. Leningrad. The Alamo. To those great sieges of history, add another: Columbia. Mother Nature is taking no prisoners.

We've barricaded ourselves inside our air-conditioned fortresses, peeking fearfully through dust-caked windows to watch as the allied forces of heat and drought cut down what could not be brought inside: lawns, dogwoods, azaleas.

It's not a sight for the faint of heart. In other besieged cities, they already are rationing water. It's only a matter of time before it happens in Columbia.

The city has been under siege before. William Tecumseh Sherman lined up his cannons across the Congaree River and lobbed shot at the statehouse during the Civil War. The damage never was repaired; every scar is commemorated with a marker, enduring as a sign that the Capitol survived the assault.

Of course, Sherman burned down the rest of Columbia. The analogy is uncomfortably appropriate. For 15 straight days, temperatures climbed above 100 degrees. Last week, a "cold" front brought some relief, and the highs were only in the mid-90s. And this week things got somewhat better.

But understand one thing about Columbia: Occa-


=== Page 69 of 99

40 pilot whales head for beaches of Marco Island

SUNDAY, JULY 27, 1986

Town Shuts Off Water For Hours To Conserve

At least eight whales died after they beached on an island about 20 miles south of Naples.

By KIM KLEMAN
Tribune Staff Writer

MARCO ISLAND -- Rescue efforts Thursday may have saved many of the 40 black pilot whales that swam into shallow waters here, officials say, but at least eight that beached ashore are dead.

Rescue crews late Wednesday and early Thursday dragged many of the slick black creatures back into deeper water and patrolled the area so those and others wouldn't slip back to shore.

But at least eight whales died, their fins bobbing in the shallows off Sea Oat Island, less than 20 miles south of Naples, as experts prepared to drag them ashore Thursday afternoon to perform necropsies. It will take weeks before results are known fully, said officials from Sea World in Orlando, who drove to the scene for the rescue.

"There could be a hundred reasons," the animals were found inland, said Mike Walsh of Sea World.

Happenstance isn't one of them, he said.

"Most of the marine mammals that come up and beach have some reason," Walsh said. "Something is usually wrong."

Preliminary results showed parasites in the stomachs and intestines of some of the whales, which probably contributed to their death, officials said.

The whales were first spotted Wednesday evening between Capri Pass and Hurricane Pass, north of Marco Island, said Collier County sheriff's Sgt. Grady Johnson. Then they swam into Marco Bay, he said.

"They just seemed confused, totally confused," said Johnson, a sheriff's marine patrol official who monitored the whales all night and Thursday morning.

"I've been with the department

See WHALES, Page 6B

Continued from page 1A

In Georgia, the city of Flovilla planned to turn off its water system from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday and today to conserve the precious resource, said City Clerk Virginia Williams. Barnesville reopened two wells closed for 40 years.

Eight U.S. senators, meanwhile, urged Agriculture Secretary Richard Lyng to act quickly on applications for federal disaster aid from the region. Their request came as Martin asked Washington to declare North Carolina a disaster area to make the state eligible for emergency loans and grants.

Parts of South Carolina, Virginia and Florida have been declared disaster areas, and a dozen Tennessee counties have asked for federal aid.

South Carolina Gov. Dick Riley urged churches and synagogues to pray for rain this weekend.

"Our farmers are watching their farms, and in many instances their way of life, wither away with the lack of rain and searing heat," Riley said. "Many of us have learned just how precious our state's water supply really is."

Some rain fell Friday on parched North Carolina, and the National Weather Service predicted more today across the Tennessee Valley and the Carolinas to the central Gulf Coast and Florida.

"Anything we get is certainly not going to hurt anything. It's going to be helpful. This is the kind of typical summer weather that we needed to see all summer long -- afternoon and evening showers," said forecaster Mike Sabones in Raleigh, N.C. "But still, we're chipping away at the problem."

The heat has been blamed for at least 44 deaths this month -- 19 in Georgia; four each in North Carolina, Missouri, Indiana and Illinois; two each in Alabama, Kentucky and South Carolina and one each in Virginia, Louisiana and Michigan.

Columbia stifles under siege

By LARRY HAUETER

COLUMBIA, S.C. -- Masada. Leningrad. The Alamo. To those great sieges of history, add another: Columbia. Mother Nature is taking no prisoners.

We've barricaded ourselves inside our air-conditioned fortresses, peeking fearfully through dust-caked windows to watch as the allied forces of heat and drought cut down what could not be brought inside: lawns, dogwoods, azaleas.

It's not a sight for the faint of heart. In other besieged cities, they already are rationing water. It's only a matter of time before it happens in Columbia.

The city has been under siege before. William Tecumseh Sherman lined up his cannons across the Congaree River and lobbed shot at the statehouse during the Civil War. The damage never was repaired; every scar is commemorated with a marker, enduring as a sign that the Capitol survived the assault.

Of course, Sherman burned down the rest of Columbia. The analogy is uncomfortably appropriate. For 15 straight days, temperatures climbed above 100 degrees. Last week, a "cold" front brought some relief, and the highs were only in the mid-90s. And this week things got somewhat better.

But understand one thing about Columbia: Occa


=== Page 70 of 99

THINK POSITIVELY, YOU GUYS - THIS ISN'T REALLY A DROUGHT, ONLY A TEMPORARY SLOW-DOWN.

C'MON - THINK HOW TALL YOU'LL ALL BE BY DECEMBER!

THE ECONOMY
A HYBRID STRAIN

THINK OF THE DEFICIT - HE GOT THAT TO GROW, DIDN'T HE?

ARRGH!

PLANTS, SOME SAY, RESPOND TO BEING TALKED TO...

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Tuesday, August 12, 1986

11-B

Winds bring short-term relief from heat

The weekend winds that spawned violent tornadoes in the southern portions of Florida did little more locally than provide a welcome relief from oppressive heat - relief that should come to an end today.

"It's windy because there's a little tropical wave coming across the south end of the state," said meteorologist Jim Noffsinger of the National Weather Service at Ruskin. "It appears there is going to be one more day of this. It may be a little windy (today), but that's about it."

Meanwhile, relief agencies in North Fort Myers continued collecting donations after a Saturday twister that destroyed seven homes and damaged 200 more. The savage wind tore down power lines, overturned cars and uprooted 30-foot palm trees.

In south St. Petersburg, winds brought on by a thunderstorm swept through Gulfport Sunday night and uprooted trees, knocked out electrical power and yanked the roof off of at least one mobile home. No injuries were reported.

A tornado that ripped through a Miami trailer park early Monday morning also contributed to the millions of dollars in property damage that plagued South Florida over the weekend.

Ron White, a forecaster with the National Weather Service in Miami, said the tornado was the result of a severe thunderstorm over western Dade County. The same type of activity is expected to continue through the week.

Convoy of trucks bringing hay to aid Florida's hungry livestock

Tribune Wires

TALLAHASSEE - A convoy of trucks lumbered more than 200 miles across the Panhandle Friday, carrying tons of hay to hungry livestock in areas scorched by heat and drought.

It took an emergency declaration from Gov. Bob Graham to waive width restrictions on the eight trucks and permit them on the interstate from near Lake City to Bonifay.

Graham still was considering whether to seek disaster aid for the areas hit hardest by the drought. He was not expected to make a decision until next week.

The hay was to be distributed on a first-come, first-served basis at the State Farmers' Market in Bonifay, seat of Holmes County.

"The phone was ringing when I got here this morning at 7:30," said Wendell Moore, market manager. "Some farmers say they'll be here to line up after lunch."

Across the Southeast, a federal Agriculture Department hot line for drought-plagued farmers was flooded with calls on its first day of operation Friday.

And while Georgia Agriculture Commissioner Thomas Irvin praised the hay "baleouts," he said existing U.S. Department of Agriculture programs will not reverse effects of the drought.

"What (the federal government) has done now, really, is probably a little bit less than a band aid," Irvin said.

Agriculture Secretary Richard Lyng promised that his department will consider making cash grants and surplus feed available to Southern farmers.

But, he warned, "For me to suggest that the government could solve the problem of all farmers would be misleading you."

Parts of South Carolina, Virginia and Florida have been declared disaster areas because of the weeks-long drought, and a dozen Tennessee counties have asked for federal aid. More than a million chickens have died in the Southern heat. Some market officials linked the drought to a rise in poultry prices.

Damage estimates from the sizzling weather exceed $1.6 billion, and heat has been blamed for 44 deaths since July 1.


=== Page 71 of 99

"Hong Kong PR"

# Gorbachev supports 2nd summit

He also announced that 6,000 Soviet troops will be withdrawn from Afghanistan by year's end.

Tribune Wires 7/29/86

MOSCOW -- Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev said Monday he favored a second summit with President Reagan. He also pledged the Soviet Union would withdraw about 6,000 of its estimated 115,000 troops from Afghanistan before the end of the year.

And he extended an olive branch to China, saying Moscow is studying the possibility of withdrawing a "substantial part" of its forces from Mongolia. Their presence has been an aggravating factor in Soviet-Chinese relations.

The Soviet leader proposed Soviet training of Chinese cosmonauts as a possible cooperative program.

Western military experts said the promised withdrawal of fewer than 10,000 of the estimated 115,000 Soviet troops in Afghanistan would not have any military importance. But the move represents the first time since the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan that Moscow has announced any reduction of its armed forces there.

In Washington, State Department spokesman Bernard Kalb noted that similar withdrawals announced in the past "were part of regular rotations of troops without any decrease in the total number."

While no figures have been made public on Soviet losses in Afghanistan, accounts in the official press have indicated heavier involvement in combat in recent years. Western sources estimate at least 10,000 Soviet soldiers have died in combat against Afghan rebels -- called mujahedeen, or "holy warriors."

See GORBACHEV, Page 4A

# Drought

* From Page 1A

Need for rain desperate 7/24/86

Much of the South has been dry since January of 1985.

"The only significant rain we've had in 18 months was two hurricanes last fall, and an unusually wet July and August last year," said Dale Linvill, South Carolina agricultural meteorologist.

With a normal annual rainfall of about 45 inches, Columbia, S.C. is already 22 inches below normal, he said, and the state as a whole has received only 40 to 45 percent of the usual rainfall.

The present dry spell has been caused by a high pressure system that has been hanging over the South, forcing moisture to the north and keeping coastal storms from moving inland. As the land dries out, temperatures go higher, and readings higher than 100 degrees have been reported throughout the region -- 15 days in a row in Columbia. The intense heat also has been blamed for 42 deaths in the South.

The drought is bad now for Southern farmers, but unless substantial rainfall arrives in the next few weeks, their plight could become much worse.

July and August are normally wet months. September and October are normally dry. If the pastures are dead now, farmers have no reason to replant them until next spring. Pasture grasses take six months to grow enough for grazing, so farmers could be without pastures for their cattle until well into next year.

Levels of groundwater and streams, from which farmers draw most of their water, are at record lows. Heavy rains are required to bring them up again, and if they fall lower, wells will run dry.

Charity offers relief

Farmers already are selling off their cattle, and auction houses are bustling with more than twice normal business. Finding locally grown hay is nearly impossible.

But the spirit of charity and the spirit of politics have combined to provide at least a little relief. Farmers in the Midwest saw a South Carolina farmer bemoaning his fate on ABC's Nightline. The Midwest has plenty of hay, and within hours farmers in Illinois and Indiana were organizing a relief shipment.

Rep. Carroll Campbell, R-S.C., who is running for governor, said he called the White House and ar-

Quake insurance writers shaky 3/1/86

LOS ANGELES -- Some insurance companies have imposed moratoriums on the sale of earthquake insurance because of the recent rash of tremors, officials say.

The moratoriums are legal because a state law that went into effect last year only requires insurance companies to offer earthquake insurance with property owner's insurance within 60 days of the sale date.

This provision makes it possible for insurance companies to place moratoriums of up to 60 days on the sale of earthquake insurance, said Richard H. Roth Jr., assistant

# Pray For Rain, South Carolina Residents Told

By The Associated Press

South Carolinians were urged to pray for rain and one Georgia town plans to shut off its water system part-time this weekend as officials seek relief from the deadly drought blamed for more than $1.6 billion in farm losses.

North Carolina Gov. Jim Martin on Friday asked that his whole state be declared a drought disaster area, joining parts of three others already on the list, and eight Southeastern senators urged the government to speed up aid.

Showers and thunderstorms fell in sections of drought-plagued Georgia, Alabama, and the Carolinas Saturday. In six hours overnight, more than an inch of rain fell on Athens, Ga., and Montgomery, Ala., and Wilmington, N.C., got 2.25 inches of rain Saturday, causing local flooding.

Rain also fell in several Southern states Friday and more was predicted for today, but forecasters said it was too little and too late to be of any benefit to farmers, who continue receiving tons of donated hay.

And hundreds of calls seeking and offering help for farmers flooded a U.S. Department of Agriculture hotline on its first day of operation.

See Town on page 10A

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=== Page 72 of 99

Heat's Still On

100° And Rising Around South

By The Associated Press

Temperatures topped 100 again Saturday after two weeks of a triple-digit heat wave blamed for at least 22 deaths, and farmers in South Carolina lined up for free hay from the Midwest in the midst of a drought that has cost growers in the Southeast millions of dollars.

Columbia, S.C., hit a record 106 degrees by late afternoon Saturday, the 14th consecutive day the city has hit 100 or higher. The heat index, a measure of how hot it felt with high humidity and little wind, was expected to reach 120 in South Carolina, the National Weather Service said.

Augusta, Ga., also hit a record 103 degrees, the 31st straight day of 90-plus temperatures in that east Georgia city.

Other records included 102 at Charlotte, N.C.; 100 at Jacksonville; 100 at Columbus, Ga.; 101 at Atlanta; 96 at Mobile, Ala. Charlotte's high tied a record of 99 set in 1970.

Whew! 98 In Ocala

By The Associated Press

The heat wave which has socked much of the South and Midwest hit Ocala and North Florida with a glancing blow Saturday in the form of three high temperature records.

The temperature hit 100 degrees at Jacksonville International Airport Saturday afternoon, breaking the record for the date of 99 set in 1970.

Tallahassee recorded a 98 to top the record of 97 set in 1965 and Daytona Beach surpassed a 38-year-old record with a 97 degree reading.

In Apalachicola, the high of 94 tied the record. St. Augustine and Crestview had the second highest readings in the state with 99s, while Ocala had a 98.

According to the National Weather Service, the hot temperatures in North Florida were caused by a weak low pressure trough over the area. No change is expected Sunday.

The southern part of the state had slightly lower temperatures because a weak high pressure ridge is controlling its weather. The high in Miami was 92, and Key West was a relatively cool 88.

Commissioner with the state Department of Insurance.

Another powerful earthquake - 6.1 on the Richter scale - rocked the Sierra Nevada early Thursday, breaking windows but causing no major damage or injuries.

Mulloy To Leave NASA Post

HUNTSVILLE, Ala. (AP) - Lawrence B. Mulloy, who directed the space shuttle's solid rocket booster program at the time of the Challenger disaster, announced Wednesday that he will retire from NASA at the end of the week.

Mulloy drew criticism in recent months for his actions prior to the liftoff of Challenger, which exploded in flight Jan. 28, killing its crew of seven, when flame licked out of a flawed solid rocket booster.

He has said "system failure" and not individuals were to blame for the Challenger tragedy. Mulloy, who is 52, gave no reason for his retirement and said it would be effective Friday.

On the night before the Challenger launch, Mulloy argued with engineers from the booster rocket's manufacturer, Morton Thiokol, who contended that cold weather might cause the booster joints to fail. Their concern did not reach those with power to halt the liftoff.

"Given the information I had at the time... I can't say that anything different would have been done. I do regret that it wasn't," Mulloy said in June.

A statement issued by the Marshall Space Flight Center said Mulloy, transferred to the post of assistant to the director of science and engineering at Marshall after the shuttle explosion, had recently been assigned to become deputy director of the propulsion, power and energy division office of Aeronautics and Space Technology at National Aeronautics and Space Administration headquarters in Washington.

"In lieu of accepting this position, considered an important post with responsibilities for the development of aeronautics and space technology, Mr. Mulloy decided to exercise his option to retire," the statement said.

The statement said Mulloy had been in government service for more than 30 years.

A lawsuit filed by the widow of Challenger pilot Michael Smith named Mulloy and others in the wrongful death of the astronaut.

Mulloy planned to make no comment on his retirement, said Marshall spokesman Ed Medal.

The report issued by the presidential commission investigating the shuttle disaster included comments critical of Mulloy and Marshall, who oversaw the shuttle's propulsion systems.

Lightning Fires Keep Crews Busy

By The Associated Press

Hundreds of fires burned early today over more than 375,000 acres of tinder-dry forest and range land after a thunderstorm scattered lightning strikes from eastern Oregon to Montana.

The storm packing winds of up to 50 mph swept across a 500-mile corridor Sunday from eastern Oregon through the northcentral Idaho forests and into western Montana. About 6,800 lightning strikes were recorded.

The blazes' combined acreage was estimated at up to 375,000 acres by Monday night and was still growing, said Arnold Hartigen, spokesman for the Boise Interagency Fire Center, which coordinates fire suppression nationwide.

"It's a major fire action the likes of which we haven't seen in Oregon for some time," said Jim Fisher, spokesman for the Oregon Department of Forestry.

About 50 new lightning-sparked fires have started on state-protected lands in eastern Oregon while tired crews who battled blazes in the region last week were sent to face more than 165 new fires on federal lands.

Fires ranging in size from 50 to 50,000 acres have burned 89,000 acres in the Vale, Ore., federal Bureau of Land Management district, said Barry Rose, fire information officer.

The largest single range blaze was the Bogus Creek fire, at more than 50,000 acres in southeastern Oregon, said Rose.

In Idaho, more than 700 firefighters were already on the lines around just a handful of the more than 400 blazes spawned by the Sunday storm, and up to another 1,000 reinforcements joined them Monday.

About 95,000 acres of southwestern Idaho range was already blackened by fire, and flames were running wild on a 50,000-acre four-fire complex northwest of Emmett, where the Squaw Butte Lookout was evacuated, and on remote terrain just southeast of Boise. That fire grew from 5,000 to 30,000 acres in a matter of hours.

On the Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana, 100 firefighters were battling a 400-acre blaze while fire teams assessed the potential from more than two dozen other blazes sparked by the storm.


=== Page 73 of 99

UFO Sun Attack

# Baptists Pray, Then It Rains

8/11/86

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) -- Scattered afternoon showers shattered drought-parched pastures in parts of Tennessee on Sunday, the day Baptists were asked to pray for rain.

The Rev. James McCluskey, president of the Tennessee Baptist Convention and a Knoxville pastor, had asked members of the state's 2,800 Southern Baptist churches to begin a season of prayer for rainfall Sunday. Rainfall has been well below normal for 18 months.

"We really need more than a shower. We need a rainy season to come. We're praying for that," he said.

McCluskey said he had no way of knowing how many Tennessee churches joined in the prayers.

The scattered showers dropped less than an inch of rain in wide areas of the state, including in eastern Tennessee, the area hardest hit by the drought.

McCluskey said he mentions the need for rain daily in prayer and has asked his congregation to do the same.

"Those of us in the city have only noticed the drought mainly by the brown grass in our yard. But the farmers really have been hard hit economically. They need our prayers," he said.

UFO Sun Attack 0.5B 7/24/86

# Rainfall Too Late For Crops

By The Associated Press

Storms poured more precious rain on the parched South, but too late to quench dusty cornfields or help farmers ease more than $1.5 billion in losses from a drought that has sparked emergency donations of hay and even ice.

Shipments of hay for starving livestock continued pouring in today from across the North and Midwest, where farmers already have donated tons. Services have been offered free by train, trucking, telephone and ice companies.

"My cows are eating Illinois hay for breakfast, Iowa hay for lunch, and they'll be having Indiana hay for Sunday dinner," Tom Trantham, a South Carolina dairy farmer, told officials in Indianapolis on Wednesday.

The drought has been compounded by a 2½-week heat wave, which eased this week after killing 42 people.

Storms dumped 3 inches of rain on Richmond, Va., within two hours Wednesday, about 2½ inches on Mobile, Ala., and Berea, S.C., and 1.3 inches on Atlanta in less than an hour. The rain generally dissipated by early this morning, the National Weather Service said.

Scattered thunderstorms stretched from Maryland to Florida on Tuesday, keeping temperatures below 100 degrees.

"The few bands of thunderstorms, of course -- where they hit certainly didn't hurt. But basically it's still a bad situation," said Homer Rowley, assistant statistician in Virginia's Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. "A lot of fields are beyond help."

See Rain Comes on page 8A

# South Prays For End To Drought

UFO Sun Attack 8/11/86

By The Associated Press

Southern Baptist churches in Tennessee were urged to make Sunday a day of prayer for relief from the Southeast's drought, which has forced some workers to go on reduced hours and is drawing donations of tons of hay.

"I call on Tennessee Baptists to join in prayer for rain to soak the parched earth and to replenish supplies of water," said Dr. James McCluskey, a Knoxville pastor and president of the Tennessee Baptist Convention.

"Farmers are already severely affected economically, and all of us will soon feel the effect," he said.

Agricultural losses from the drought are estimated at more than $2.3 billion and agriculture commissioners from seven parched states went to Washington Friday to lobby for more aid.

The commissioners proposed a redistribution of federal funds to assist the Southeast in reviving and reseeding parched pastures and forests, as well as advance commodity payments and government-guaranteed loan program.

"I'm terribly disappointed," South Carolina commissioner Les Tindal said after his meeting with Agriculture Secretary Richard Lyng.

Lyng "bluntly told us" that he is not going to help soybean farmers and feels the current crop insurance program is adequate, Tindal said.

Scattered rain showers last week did little to curb the months-long drought, said Macon Jackson, hydrologist with the U.S. Geological Survey in Raleigh, N.C.

UFO Sun Attack 0.5B 7/25/86

# Consumers Feel Pinch Of Drought

By The Associated Press

Economic shock waves from Dixie's devastating drought already are being felt outside the South, as grocers and farm officials around the nation report that consumers will be paying more for produce and poultry.

"All (produce) prices have been abnormally high this season, and I attribute that to the drought," said sales manager Scott Donner of the Pioneer Valley Growers Association, which represents about 50 Massachusetts farmers. "It's the worst undersupply since 1978."

The South's hot, dry weather has cost farmers more than $1.5 billion, forcing them to slaughter starving livestock early and killing more than a million chickens in the Southeast and mid-Atlantic states.

Poultry supplies have tightened up, said Celia Nix of Market News Service in Los Angeles. The average nationwide price for fryers was 69.5 cents a pound Monday, up 21 to 22 cents from July 1985, Ms. Nix said Thursday.

"The drought losses have affected not only California poultry but prices California consumers pay at the wholesale level and prices paid by fast-food restaurants," she added.

The Southeast produced 39 percent of the nation's poultry in 1985.

See Drought on page 10A

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=== Page 74 of 99

Twisters smash R.I. as storms sweep area

Psi Ripples Trib 8/9/86

PROVIDENCE, R.I. (UPI) - Rhode Island was belted by a second twister Friday and high winds smashed a hospital's windows in Massachusetts. Most of New England was under a tornado watch.

Another round of severe thunderstorms roared through the region, blowing out two ground-floor laboratory windows at New England Deaconess Hospital in Boston, a spokeswoman said. No one was injured.

Still reeling from a tornado that inflicted heavy damage in its capital city Thursday night, Rhode Island was hit with a new twister in North Smithfield, just south of the Massachusetts border.

National Guardsmen rushed to the Slatersville section of the town to help clear away dozens of uprooted trees and downed power lines that sparked several electrical fires.

One person was treated for minor injuries and at least 250 residents were left without power, officials said.

"We've got telephone poles down all over the place and trees blocking roads. It's a real mess out here," said police dispatcher Jerri Erickson.

The National Weather Service posted a tornado and severe thunderstorm watch for most of the region through 9 p.m.

In Boston, departures from Logan International Airport were halted from 12:12 a.m. to 12:55 p.m. One-hour delays were still reported after flights resumed, said Charles S. Shuler, assistant air traffic manager at the airport.

"We had a level 6 thunderstorm. That's by far the worst you could have. It went right over the top of the airport," he said.

The first of a series of severe storms gave Boston a drenching at noon, racing into the city from the southwest. Connecticut and Rhode Island were hit first.

Hail the size of golf balls pummeled the town of Medway, southwest of Boston, and the ground was briefly covered with a thin layer of ice.

Branches were blown down and torrential rains nearly blinded drivers and caused numerous fender-benders but no serious accidents were reported.

In New Hampshire, the National Weather Service posted a tornado watch after residents reported funnel-shaped clouds Thursday evening that flattened corn fields and knocked down tree limbs.

Tornadoes danced through Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine, causing at least one death. Construction worker Paul Albani, 22, was struck by a bolt of lightning while working on a house in Foxboro Thursday.

Cleanup crews went to work removing debris. "Our damage will be in the millions," said Providence Mayor Joseph Paolino after surveying stricken areas of his city.

Several cars were destroyed, a roof was torn off a house and a car was blown through a storefront. Most of the top floor of a jewelry factory was ripped off, raining bricks onto at least 30 cars parked below. Twenty people suffered minor injuries.

City and utility workers in Bedford, Mass., toiled through the night cleaning up debris left by another tornado that packed 150 mph winds. The twister ripped through town, uprooting trees and knocking out power to an estimated 900 customers.

A Cessna and two Pipers were overturned at nearby Hanscom Field and pieces of the aircraft were sent flying when the twister tore its way eastward into suburban areas, airport officials said. Damage to the planes was estimated at $50,000.

FDLE says crack fueling crime wave

0.58 7/18/86

TALLAHASSEE (UPI) - Crack cocaine is "the most serious drug problem we have seen in years" and is causing a sharp upswing in Florida's crime rate, Department of Law Enforcement Commissioner Robert Dempsey said Thursday.

Preliminary results of an ongoing FDLE survey, Dempsey said, suggest that crack is causing a "dramatic" increase in crime. He noted that last year's unexpected 14 percent jump in the crime rate paralleled the introduction of crack to the state.

"The addict who is caught in this terrible mire is out there constantly trying to replenish his funds, because he lives for only one thing - to get that crack," Dempsey said. "I feel there is a direct correlation between the availability and the increased use of crack and the crime situation in the state of Florida."

The survey will be completed in about a week, and will probably show even more increases in the state crime rate, Dempsey said. He plans to pass the study results on to Gov. Bob Graham, who has been asked by Sen. Lawton Chiles to call a special legislative session to act on crack.

Dempsey said he thought such a session would be "premature" until after the survey and a meeting of drug experts that Graham has organized.

The survey is part of a three-part initiative to combat the highly addictive drug, Dempsey announced at a morning press conference. FDLE also has produced a crack guidebook - describing the drug, how it's used and what the laws are - that has been sent to all Florida sheriffs and police chiefs. The agency also plans to prepare films and public announcements to educate the public about the drug.

Crack, also known as rock, is a highly concentrated form of cocaine that can be as much as five times more pure than the standard powder form. Crack has spread at a wildfire rate, Dempsey said, because it is relatively cheap, easy to produce and readily available.

"It is not just the old cocaine user who has gone to crack," Dempsey said. "This has dramatically increased the number of users all across society, because of its simplicity, its easy accessibility and its low cost. We've got kids using it. We have dramatically expanded the drug user market."

Dempsey hopes to counter that by informing the public about how addictive and dangerous crack is. Unlike powder cocaine, a crack user can become addicted after only one or two uses, Dempsey said. Because the drug is so pure, and because when smoked the reaction time is only about eight seconds, crack can cause heart attacks, brain hemorrhage and death.

Dempsey said the publicity campaign was not a "scare tactic" by law enforcement and other public officials. He cited 268 fatal drug overdoses in Florida last year, many of them from cocaine.

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=== Page 75 of 99

4A OCALA STAR-BANNER, THURSDAY, AUGUST 14, 1986

# Air Traffic Backs Up Around 5-State Blaze

By The Associated Press

Helicopters, air tankers and planes ferrying crews converged on the Northwest as 90 percent of the nation's federal firefighters headed for the battle against lightning-sparked blazes on 345,000 acres in five states.

In Idaho, Gov. John Evans declared a state of extreme emergency Wednesday as crews worked to save 70 homes threatened by a fire 40 miles north of Boise.

Firefighters in Utah turned to newer blazes after declaring the 7,000-acre Hose Lay Fire in west-central Utah under control Wednesday night. The blaze got its name because rugged terrain made it impossible to bring water tankers close, so hoses were dragged to the fire lines.

"It's looking very good. We've pulled everyone off there except the engines," said Bert Hart, a spokesman for the federal Bureau of Land Management. "During the day the humidity was up and the winds were down and that helped immensely. They have no fear of it getting away now."

About 13,500 firefighters, all but 10 percent of the nation's federal force, have been joined by thousands of support personnel in fighting hundreds of blazes ignited by lightning in the past week in Idaho, Oregon, Montana, Utah and Nevada, according to the Boise Interagency Fire Center, the nation's fire command post.

The Federal Aviation Administration set up temporary air control towers in Grangeville and McCall, Idaho, and in La Grande and Pendleton, Ore., to handle all the traffic.

The Grangeville airport was overwhelmed by the increase, said FAA spokesman Dick Meyer in Seattle. "Its normal operations include about 50 takeoffs and landings in a day. Today they're landing and taking off once every three minutes."

In Idaho, where 100 lightning-sparked blazes scorched 165,000 acres since Sunday, the governor sent National Guard troops and trucks to help 2,600 firefighters.

# Hot Gets Even Hotter In Dixie

Continued from page 1A

be answered. The National Weather Service predicted scattered thundershowers in North Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama today or Tuesday, but no rain for South Carolina.

Sporadic storms have replenished water supplies in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia, but that did little to help farmers ravaged by the worst spring drought on record, the service said.

"Most of it just runs off," said forecaster Joe Cefaratti.

Temperatures from the low 90s to the low 100s were expected for the next two days in a sweep from the Gulf coast to the Central Atlantic coast.

On Sunday, temperature records were tied or broken in at least 17 cities, the National Weather Service said. In 15 of those cities the mercury climbed to 100 or above.

The temperature crawled past 100 across much of Georgia on Sunday, hitting a record 104 at Augusta, 106 at Macon, and 102 in Columbus, which saw its 45th consecutive day of highs at 90 or above and 15th consecutive day where the mercury hit at least 100.

In Savannah, Ga., it was 105 degrees Sunday, the coastal city's hottest day this century, tying its all-time heat record set July 12, 1879.

Other records included 100 at Greenville-Spartanburg, S.C.; 100 at Tallahassee; 98 at Daytona Beach; and 104 at Memphis, Tenn.

# Soviets

From Page 1A

"That event, undoubtedly, would come the main real outcome of meeting," he said, "a considerable step on the way toward ending arms race."

Departing from previous statements on the prospects for a summit meeting, Gorbachev did not lay down any conditions for progress or agreement on arms control before such a meeting could be arranged.

He said the United States conducted 18 nuclear explosions, three of them unannounced, in the year after the Soviet moratorium was announced, and added:

"The Soviet Union has sufficient reasons for resuming its nuclear testing, yet we are convinced even now that the ending of nuclear testing, not only by the Soviet Union but also by the United States, would be a real breakthrough to arresting the nuclear arms race.

"The logic in this is simple: If there are no tests, the nuclear weapons, which both sides have stockpiled in abundance, will not be upgraded."

Still, Gorbachev said, the Soviet Union will answer any military challenge from the United States, including Reagan's proposed Strategic Defense Initiative, the Star Wars program.

Without going into detail, he said: "It would be wrong to hope to intimidate us or prompt us to needless expenditures. If need be, we shall promptly come up with the answer, and it will not be what the United States expects. But it will be the answer that will devalue the Star Wars program."

He said the "main harm" of the Strategic Defense Initiative is that it undermines the prospect of arms control talks and decreases trust between the negotiators.

Unless steps are taken to head them off, he said, such sophisticated weapons systems will emerge on both sides that it will be impossible to reach agreement on how to control them.

"The situation is becoming ever more intolerable," he said.

Gorbachev cited the accidents that destroyed the U.S. space shuttle Challenger, last January, and severely damaged the nuclear plant at Chernobyl, in April, as "brutal reminders" of what could happen if nuclear weapons were used.


=== Page 76 of 99

# Farm Loss May Top $2 Billion From Drought, Officials Warn

The New York Times

WASHINGTON -- Livestock and crop losses from the drought that has parched eight Middle-Atlantic and Southern states could total more than $2 billion, twice as much as was estimated earlier this week, state agricultural officials said Friday.

The loss would represent nearly 15 percent of the $15 billion of gross earnings last year by farmers in the arc of drought, which stretches from Alabama to southern Pennsylvania. No agricultural region has sustained such high losses since drought spread across the Middle West and Rocky Mountain states in the 1930s, according to the Department of Agriculture.

Meteorologists said Friday that parts of Alabama, North and South Carolina, Georgia and Virginia received some rain Thursday night, but predicted that the arid conditions would persist through August and possibly longer.

In Washington, employees of the Department of Agriculture manned a special telephone line, handling hundreds of calls from farmers seeking information on the department's program of emergency assistance.

Agriculture Secretary Richard E. Lyng has appointed special teams to study the affected areas, urged his deputies to accelerate the processing of applications for emergency assistance, and assured farmers in the stricken states that he is doing everything possible to lessen the economic effects of the drought.

Friday, Lyng toured poultry houses and peanut fields in Georgia, where the loss in the state's $520 million peanut industry is estimated at $100 million.

The South produces nearly 40 percent of the nation's poultry, and food market managers in the Northeast, Middle West, and the Rocky Mountain states said Friday that prices of chicken had increased in recent days, in some areas by as much as 10 cents a pound. The prices of other commodities, though, have remained largely unaffected.

The drought also has given rise to a political dispute in South Carolina, where Sen. Ernest F. Hollings, a Democrat, accused the Reagan administration Thursday of delaying shipments of hay donated by farmers from Massachusetts, New York and Oklahoma as part of an effort by better-off

See Losses on page 6A

# Tornado's damage toll $1.6 million

Tribune Wires

FORT MYERS -- At least 12 people were injured -- none seriously -- by a weekend tornado that touched down and caused more than $1.6 million worth of damage in a residential section of North Fort Myers, officials said Sunday.

Workers still were assessing damage in the area Sunday afternoon. The tornado damaged almost 120 houses in an eight-block area, Lee County sheriff's Capt. Bill Kiphart said.

Sixteen cars and trucks and four boats also were damaged by the twister, Kiphart said.

"The power company says there are seven dwellings they aren't even going to put power back in because they figure they're devastated beyond repair," he said. "What we picked up here locally is approximately 12 injuries and no deaths."

The tornado touched down about 5:40 p.m. Saturday in an eight- to 10-square-block area of North Fort Myers and Cape Coral. Preliminary damage was estimated at $1,626,580, said Larry Pfeiffer of the National Weather Service in Ruskin.

# Californians Clean Up, Brace For More Quakes

BISHOP, Calif. (AP) -- Californians were warned to brace for more earthquakes as residents recovered from the state's fourth big temblor in two weeks, which damaged every home in one mountain town and shook buildings as far away as Utah.

Despite the warnings, some of the 300 residents of Chalfant Valley, a High Sierra town where all 145 houses were damaged, said they wouldn't leave.

"I like it here," said Nona Roripaugh, 29, a police dispatcher in Bishop, five miles away. "It could happen anywhere, and if it happened in the city, it would be that much worse. Buildings fall on you in the city. Here you go outside and you're OK."

Monday's quake at 7:42 a.m. left 50 people homeless, swayed buildings hundreds of miles away in Las Vegas, Nev., and Salt Lake City, buckled a road, caused rock slides and briefly stranded hundreds of campers. Two minor injuries were reported.

The quake, estimated at 6.1 on the Richter scale, was centered in the High Sierra, 240 miles north of Los Angeles and five miles from Chalfant Valley, which sustained the heaviest damage.

It came one day after a 5.5 magni- See Californians on page 8A

"We won't put a force factor on it until all the damage is assessed," he said. "It was obviously a strong tornado, not your everyday garden type of tornado or mini-tornado that we get in the state of Florida."

The tornado damaged 117 houses, and of those, 25 suffered major structural major damage, Pfeiffer said.

"It was pretty bad. It's been a few years since we had something that bad," said Sgt. Dale Williams of the Lee County Sheriff's Office. "We had boats that were parked in yards and that were found several blocks down the street."

"It sounded like a train coming and then it took the roof off," said Dea Baker, whose duplex was destroyed by the funnel cloud. A neighbor's pickup truck landed against the front wall of her home.

Ron Fortier was returning to his home when the tornado hit. It ripped part of the roof off the back of his apartment and pulled the nails out of the sheetrock in the walls.

"It took one of the cars out in the parking lot and threw it into another one. The dumpster's in the swimming pool," Fortier said.


=== Page 77 of 99

# Quake

Trib 7/22/86

## From Page 1A

under tables or broke for the doors when the 6.1 quake hit, assistant manager Dave Campbell said.

"They were grabbing hold of each other and just trying to hang on," he said. "Anything that was laying down flat was just going across the counter."

Part of the ceiling caved in at a Burger King restaurant in Bishop, U.S. Forest Service spokesman Brian Miller said.

At Pleasant Valley campground near Bishop, 50 campers were stranded when a crevasse obliterated a road and swallowed a parked pickup truck, Inyo County sheriff's Sgt. Dick Wood said. All those in the camp's 200 campsites were safely evacuated later Monday.

Wood said the opening was 150 yards wide and 200 yards long but didn't know how deep, although it was "enough to put a pickup truck down into."

The pickup truck sank about 30 feet deep and caught fire, said Parrish. At least one occupant was removed and the truck was later pulled out as well.

A group of about 20 Sierra Club trail builders near Pine Lake also were stranded by rock slides but were unharmed, she said.

Wood said bulldozers worked to open another access road covered by boulders to evacuate the campground. The Hot Creek bathing area 40 miles north of Bishop was closed.

"An inspection was made and there was found to be more fissures and more hot water coming through. We don't know the temperature of the water but we felt it was safer to close it," said Miller.

He didn't know if anyone was in the popular swimming hole at the time of the quake.

"We have no indication of any injuries; however, power is out in the Bishop area and we have a building off its foundation and there's a broken sewer line," said Nancy Hardaker at the state Office of Emergency Services in Sacramento.

"We have some glass breakage on storefronts," added Bishop police officer Ted Gardner. "At this time, we're experiencing power difficulties with signal lights and so forth."

Dogs howled and horses ran wild after the 5.5 temblor Sunday, police dispatcher Nora Roripaugh said. That quake shook the Sierra and a 200-mile stretch of the San Joaquin Valley at 7:30 a.m., leaving 75 percent of Bishop's 5,000 residents without electricity for less than an hour.

Seismologist Lucy Jones of the U.S. Geological Survey said Sunday's temblor was a foreshock to Monday's quake. She said about a dozen "feelable" earthquakes followed in the two hours after the initial quake plus many smaller ones "coming so close together we haven't been able to count them." She said Monday's full moon had no effect on the quake, although scientists have speculated on lunar influences.

Meredith said Caltech's Richter reading Monday had been 6.2, but he said Berkeley's 6.1 reading would be more accurate. The U.S. Geological Survey meanwhile estimated the quake at 6.0. Such variances are not unusual.

Both quakes were on the Sierra Nevada fault system, said Hardaker of the state emergency office.

Monday's quake and aftershock came exactly 34 years after a 7.7 quake rocked Tehachapi on July 21, 1952.

On July 13, a quake centered in the ocean off Oceanside measured 5.3 on the Richter scale. On July 8, a 5.9 quake struck in the desert north of Palm Springs, causing $6 million damage to homes, roads and utilities, but Caltech seismologist Kate Hutton said those were unrelated to Sunday's and Monday's.

Tribune map

# Lightning-Sparked Fires Rip Forests

By The Associated Press

Psi-Ripple 0.5B 8/11/86

Idaho firefighters Friday fortified lines against a 1,000-acre blaze that had threatened 70 homes north of Boise, while fires continued to rage out of control in two Oregon national forests.

Crews in several other Northwestern states were able to take a breather after bringing fires under control.

Scores of lightning-sparked blazes have scorched more than 560,000 acres in the Northwest since Aug. 1, said Dave Damron of the Boise Interagency Fire Center, the national fire command post.

In Idaho, the 1,000-acre Garden Valley fire was contained late Thursday, but officials said the weather would determine how long it would take to bring it under control.

At least 800 firefighters were battling a complex of 20 fires, including the Garden Valley blaze, that have burned more than 7,200 acres.

Helicopters were dropping water on the Garden Valley fire, which was spewing dense smoke all the way to the desert, 40 miles away. The heavy smoke had grounded planes carrying tanks of flame retardant.

"We have not been able to drop retardant because it's in a big basin, a big bowl, so all the smoke is settling in there, so we're having to concentrate in some of the more outlying areas where we've got visibility, which allows us to drop," said Mike Campbell of the Boise National Forest.

The weekend weather forecast for the state did not look promising.

"We're supposed to get some gusty winds, and there's a chance for more lightning activity this weekend."

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=== Page 78 of 99

Cloudiness brings brief respite to drought-parched Southeast

Tribune Staff and Wires

Cloudy skies and scattered rain brought temporary relief Tuesday from the Southeast's heat wave but did little for its drought.

"We've been severely hit. It's the worst I've ever seen," 75-year-old Harold Arant told a federal task force on his son's farm near Bowman, S.C.

"This is a terrible situation. It's almost unbelievable to see the crops in this destroyed position," said Assistant U.S. Agriculture Secretary George Dunlop, head of the task force which earlier visited Georgia and Alabama.

Increased cloud cover kept temperatures in the upper 80s and mid-90s instead of 100 Tuesday across much of the Carolinas and Georgia, although Macon, Ga., reached 99.

However, the cooler weather won't last, said Jerry Harrison, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Columbia, S.C. "It's a temporary thing. We just got a little relief. The cloudiness will be gone by tomorrow or the day after."

Months of below-normal rain have withered crops and nearly dried up water supplies in parts of the Southeast despite scattered storms, like those that hit parts of the region Monday and Tuesday.

"It's been so dry for so long, the rain is barely keeping pace with daily needs," meteorologist Bob Dietlein said in Alabama.

Crop losses have been estimated at up to $700 million for farmers ready hard-hit by rising costs and failing prices in Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia.

Dunlop said in North Carolina that he would ask Agriculture Secretary Richard Lyng to see that federal assistance programs go into effect quickly but said, "I can't make any promises. I have nothing to announce."

Florida Agriculture Commissioner Doyle Conner said he would ask Gov. Bob Graham to declare a disaster in eight to 10 counties of northern Florida, where some areas haven't had rain in 50 days.

In the Bay area, today and Thursday are expected to be cloudy with a chance of showers. The chance of rain is 50 percent for both days, and highs should be around 90, forecasters said.

Jim Berry
© 1986 by NEA, Inc. 7-E

"FORGET finding a cactus plant for water. We're in the SouthEAST."

Southwest Blazes Burn Out Of Control

By The Associated Press

Weary firefighters reported progress Friday in their week-long battle against lightning-kindled fires that have charred more than 90,000 acres in Oregon, while 100 firefighters fought two blazes that blackened 17,000 acres in southwestern Idaho.

"The big thing that's helping us today is the wind has died," said Phil Stanbro, a spokesman for the Bureau of Land Management in Oregon. "We're hoping that continues and we can get a line around the hot spots."

Most of the Oregon fires that began earlier this week were either contained or under control by Friday.

The largest blaze that remained out of control was the Tub Mountain fire between Vale and Ontario, just west of the Idaho-Oregon border. It had consumed 25,000 acres of sage and brush, but no structures were threatened, Stanbro said.

A firefighter injured Wednesday, Gary Paxson of Whiteriver, Ariz., was in fair condition at a Portland hospital after amputation of his right arm, which was crushed by a falling tree as he fought to contain a 1,000-acre fire in Oregon's Umatilla National Forest.

Idaho fire bosses reported crews gaining the upper hand on major forest fires in north-central Idaho and range fires west of Boise, but had no estimate on when two new blazes that scorched 17,000 acres in the southwest would be contained.

Flames raged along 80 percent of the line of the 10,000-acre Danskin Fire which earlier forced the evacuation of a ranger station and three aerial retardant drops to save the structure.

Seven miles to the south, the so-called Long Tom fire covered 7,000 acres.

The fires throughout southwestern Idaho were started by a summer storm that blasted the area Thursday with about 600 lightning strikes.

To the north, fire bosses in the Nezperce National Forest released four 20-member crews from the 1,000-acre Gus Creek Fire.


=== Page 79 of 99

UFO Sun Attack Trib 7/29/86

STAYSKAL
86 TAMPA TRIBUNE

FIRST BANK OF GEORGIA

DROUGHT

NI DEP

NEWS ITEM: FBI SAYS CRIME UP; HIGHEST IN THE SOUTH.

Radon threat in shower 8/5/86

WASHINGTON -- Millions of Americans are exposed to carcinogenic radon gas when showering or using washing machines, it was reported Monday.

One-fourth of American homes use water containing radon, a radioactive gas given off by decaying uranium particles found in much of North American rock, U.S. News & World Report magazine reported in this week's issue.

When the water is heated, up to 80 percent of the carcinogenic gas is released and can be inhaled.

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE,

Business Brief

Bank sues Hunts

DALLAS -- Bank of America filed a counterclaim in federal court in Dallas Monday demanding more than $76 million of outstanding debt from the Hunt family and their trusts owning Penrod Drilling Co.

The demand was in response to a multi-billion dollar lawsuit brought against the bank and 22 other financial institutions on June 24 by the Hunt family whose fabulous fortunes have suffered huge losses in recent years.

A Bank of America announcement said it and other banks were seeking to recover more than $1.2 billion in loans "on which the Hunt-controlled companies and trusts have defaulted." Hunt's 7/29/86

Deadly storm dumps 6 inches of rain
UFO Sun Attack T 7/31/86
SPRINGFIELD, Mass. (AP) -- Scores of farmhouses remained isolated Wednesday by washed-out roads after thunderstorms that knocked out power to thousands and dumped more than 6 inches of rain.
One man drowned in a flash flood in western Massachusetts and another was electrocuted by a fallen power line in Rhode Island.

(60)


=== Page 80 of 99

Drought Adding To Farming Woes

Hardships Just Keep Mounting

BONIFAY (AP) -- Drought and hot weather are just the latest hardships faced by Florida farmers and ranchers who need more than rain to stop their slide toward financial failure.

The 1986 drought, drier-than-normal weather last year and three years of harsh winters are compounding the problems of low prices, foreign competition, and uncertainty over federal farm programs. Plus, farms are reeling still from the effects of high interest rates in the early 1980s.

"A lot of farmers here are bitter about what's happened to them," said Wilson Brogdon, director of federal farm programs in Jackson County near Bonifay, which is considered the center of Florida's drought belt.

Brogdon estimated that at least one-third of the 1,400 to 1,500 farm families in Jackson live below the federal poverty line of $11,000 a year for a family of four.

About 500 Jackson farms have failed over the past decade, but at least that many more could fail in the next two years, he said.

"Farmers have a way of hanging in there, somehow finding a way," he said. "They stay at it because there's not that much else to do here, and farming is basically what they want to do. Their parents did it before them. . . . They just hate to be a failure."

Jackson County is one of 21 counties Gov. Bob Graham has asked the federal government to declare a disaster area to make way for federal assistance.

Commissioner of Agriculture Doyle Conner said he talked to officials at the U.S. Department of Agriculture Monday. They told him there would be an answer soon to Graham's request, but they did not give him an estimate of when a decision would be made.

The drought has cut a 300-mile swath of hardship across the Panhandle. About 120 miles east of Jackson, for example, farmers in Suwannee County have been harvesting a meager corn crop and tobacco that ripened too early.

At least half of three normal hay cuttings have been lost, and soybeans and peanut vines are only half the size they should be.

Strong rains might salvage some crops, but corn, tobacco and small grains are past recovery, said Jim Rich, a farmer and agriculture specialist with the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences in Live Oak.

Suwannee farmer Verneil Johnson said the dry spring and summer come on the heels of drier-than-normal weather last year and three winters of record cold. Half the county's 126,800 acres of cultivated farmland, the fourth largest acreage in the state, is fallow, or growing weeds.

"Between the drought and the freezes, it has been a disaster for cattle," said Johnson who is harvesting crops on area farms with his $80,000 combine to help make ends meet.

"We don't always get cash for it," he said. "There's a lot of horse-trading, anything to survive."

Earl Boswell, Brogdon's counterpart in Suwannee County, said the economic crunch could drive farmers out of the business.

"I see one way to make money out of farmland; selling it off in 5-acre lots," he said.

For now, the immediate needs must be met. Ranchers must have hay for their herds and farmers must have water for their row crops.

In Bonifay, ranchers were pleading for hay. Tons of the feed have been trucked in over recent weeks from greener Florida acres and other states, but the hay goes quickly.

AROUND THE
World

Chinese Say Typhoon Peggy Killed 172 In Guangdong

PEKING (AP) -- Typhoon Peggy killed 172 people when it struck Guangdong province last week, officials said Wednesday, calling it the worst disaster to hit the southern coastal province in nearly four decades.

Officials at the provincial Disaster Prevention Office, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said in telephone interviews that Typhoon Peggy also left 1,250 people injured, destroyed 214,000 homes and damaged or washed away 2,200 bridges and 2,542 miles of electric power lines.

They estimated damages at $470 million, and said about 1.35 million acres of farmland were flooded when the typhoon hit last Friday.

The officials said 3.67 million people were affected by the storm, which also killed at least 93 in the northern Philippines before hitting China.

Heat Claims 17 Victims In South

By The Associated Press

Southern states that have baked for weeks had no hope of cooling temperatures any time soon, but some farmers facing empty pens and shriveled crops got good news Friday -- help is on the way from the Farm Belt.

Meanwhile, the human toll continued to rise, with 17 deaths in the South and the Midwest blamed on the relentless heat.

Afternoon temperatures ranged from the low 90s in Michigan to 100 in Augusta, Ga., and 103 in Fayetteville, N.C. It hit 99 in Atlanta, breaking a record set in 1944, and 98 at North Carolina's Raleigh-Durham Airport, breaking a 1948 record. It was 105 in Columbia, S.C., marking the 13th day in a row that city had seen the mercury in triple digits.

While some parts of the upper Midwest were expected to cool by early next week, temperatures of over 100 were forecast for the weekend in South Carolina and Georgia.

"It looks like more of the same," Wes Tyler, assistant climatologist for South Carolina, said Friday. "Barring any tropical influence, it's getting more serious by the day. We ain't asking to be hit by a hurricane, but See Live'stock' Aid on page 8A


=== Page 81 of 99

8/5/86
Bandits PK

7/18/86
Many whites leave South Africa

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa -- White South Africans are increasingly moving abroad to escape political violence and economic depression, latest official statistics show.

In the first four months of this year, 4,760 people emigrated and 2,603 immigrated, a net outflow of 2,067, compared with a gain of 5,011 in the same period last year, the Central Statistical Services said. Most of the people involved are white, government officials said.

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Monday, August 18, 1986

Lightning starts more fires across charred Northwest

Associated Press
8/18/86

Lightning ignited more range and forest fires Sunday in the tinder-dry Northwest, where nearly 400,000 acres have been charred in the past week, despite the efforts of an estimated 17,000 firefighters.

"It's probably the worst fire season we've had since 1910," said Ray Naddy, spokesman for the federal-state firefighting command center in Salem, Ore., which recorded 1,522 lightning strikes across Oregon late Saturday.

Officials issued a "red flag" alert, a top-level fire warning that likely will result in a ban on open burning in high-risk areas of Idaho, Montana, eastern Washington and eastern Oregon, said Anne Jeffery, spokeswoman for the Boise Interagency Fire Center in Idaho, the national forest fire command center.

She said that as of late Saturday, lightning-sparked fires in those four states and Utah had charred 382,762 acres since last weekend's storms, nearly 180,000 acres in Idaho alone.

Weather officials said lightning storms, without rain, are expected through Tuesday.

Tribune photo by AUGUST STAEBLER

Thrown for a loss

Sheriff's deputies seized Bandits equipment and retail sportswear Monday. A former Bandit, claiming the team owes him $150,000, was granted a court order to place a lien on the gear. Taking inventory at the team's HCC facility is Dave Barile of All Points Distributing Bonded Warehouse. Story, 1C

(62)


=== Page 82 of 99

Columbia

* From Page 1A 7/26/86

sional summer temperatures of 100 degrees or more aren't unusual. Folks here take the heat in stride. That's why it was especially frustrating for me, a relative newcomer from subtropical Tampa, Fla., when the heat wave first struck.

"What's wrong with these people?" I asked my wife one night after riding my bicycle home from my job at the morning newspaper. It was past 11 p.m. and still in the 90s outside. "Don't these people know its hot?"

If they didn't know at first, it didn't take them long to figure it out.

The farmers knew right away, of course. Before July arrived, their corn was withering in the fields, unfit to be chopped up and fed to livestock. The produce stands gradually starting selling more fruits and vegetables from Texas and Mexico.

Then the mercury soared into triple digits and stayed there. There's no relief in sight, and the farmers are helpless to save their crops.

The helplessness is the worst of it. When we watch the evening news, we're accustomed to seeing grain airlifted to Ethiopia, not hay being flown into Greenville.

This is America, where no problem is too big for the likes of United Technologies and Phil Donohue. We're supposed to control our environment. We put men on the moon, right?

Yeah, but we also blew up the Challenger.

We're 20 inches shy of our normal rainfall for the year, and nobody can do anything about it.

Some Lutherans in the next county prayed for rain on the courthouse steps. One of the student DJs for the university radio station has been playing nothing but songs with the word "rain" in the title or lyrics. Everybody does what he or she can.

In our long, narrow apartment, window units at each end struggle to air-condition our refuge from the heat. When the high dipped to 97 the other day, I turned off our ceiling fan for the first time in three weeks. Houses never cool off when the overnight low is 78 degrees.

How hot is 105 day-in and day-out? In Tampa, routine summer highs hover around 90. That's 15 degrees less than 105. If the 15 degrees between 75 and 90 is the difference between comfort and discomfort, then the 15 degrees between 90 and 105 is the difference between endurable and unendurable.

Yet we endure. The heat creates different problems for different people.

For one of my co-workers, it's the daily challenge of coming up with a new headline for the front-page weather story--How many ways are there to say "it's hot"?

For me, it's bicycling six miles to work in mid-afternoon. For the first time, I started carrying a water bottle, and it's nearly empty when I get to the office. I could drive, but that would be giving in. We're not ready to give in yet.

My 8-year-old son attended soccer camp at the University of South Carolina's downtown campus last week. It was a least 104 every day. He didn't give in, but by the end of the week, he gave out and slept for most of the day. Thankfully, none of the kids became sick from the heat.

Actually, South Carolina has been lucky. There have been only two official heat-related deaths this summer. But you have to be careful. A little girl near Greenville was walking down the road barefooted and wound up with a coating of melted asphalt on the soles of her feet. They soaked her feet in mayonnaise to remove the asphalt.

It isn't just the humans who are suffering. Our family's three cats spend their days sprawled pathetically on the wooden floors, trying to get as close to the ground as possible.

My son and his friend have been finding lots of turtles wandering aimlessly in a nearby woods. Seeking moisture, they're always grateful for a handout of cantaloupe.

But we've put the woods off-limits now. The last time the kids went there, they brought home ticks, which are the only living things that seem to be thriving around here this summer.

Even the traditional summer retreats offer no refuge. We delivered our daughter to camp near Asheville, N.C., one afternoon, and it was 96 degrees. When we picked her up a week later at 10 a.m., it was 89, and we felt lucky to be where it was cool.

I read a story that quoted an expert who had studied tree rings, and he said this is the worst drought in the Carolinas since 1711.

One of my neighbors, an old Southern gentleman who always wears a white shirt and bow tie when he works in the yard, has lived here all his life.

He has seen a lot of hot, dry weather, but he says he's worried. He's worried that when he isn't allowed to water the yard anymore, the oak trees may die. Forget the grass. He's watering his trees.

Like some other folks around here, I'm hoping for a big hurricane. I've been through a hurricane in Florida, and I know hurricanes aren't any fun either, but that's what it's going to take to break this drought.

Until that big storm blows up, I'll be spending a lot of time inside, watching the news and hoping I don't see the Air Force airlifting jugs of water to South Carolina. Already, it's getting hard to find Popsicles at the store.

All we can do is hole up and wait for the seige to end, one way or another. In Leningrad, there were survivors. Everybody knows what happened at Masada and the Alamo.

Larry Haueter is a former copy chief in the Tribune's Features Department. He now is a wire editor at The State newspaper in Columbia, S.C.

UFO Sun Attack

# Even Fish Dying As South Bakes

By DUDLEY CLENDINEN
The New York Times 7/17/86

ATLANTA -- For a week and a half, it has been so hot across the South that chickens in their sheds, fish in their ponds, cattle in their fields, ancient oaks in their woods and people in their homes have died of heat.

The drought, now the worst in the region's history, has left the earth so dry and hard that cemetery crews have had to soak the ground with increasingly precious water to dig a grave.

It has been a complex phenomenon: 10 days of record heat on top of four months of drought, on top of a farm crisis that is now almost a decade old in the South, dating from the drought of 1977.

In terms of major crops, it has most hurt cotton, peanuts, soybeans, corn and pecans. If steady rains do not come, the consumer may notice smaller peaches and nuts in the markets and smaller chickens in the grocery cooler. But with the harvest season for most crops still months away, rainfall in the See Major on page 8A

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=== Page 83 of 99

# Moderate, Light Quakes Hit California

By The Associated Press

Seven light to moderate earthquakes struck a wide area of California on Tuesday, and a scientist said they could be part of an increase in seismic activity leading to a superquake on the San Andreas Fault.

The quakes ranged from 3.0 to 4.4 on the Richter scale, causing no reported damage or injuries, and five were aftershocks of three larger temblors this month in the Sierra Nevada, near Palm Springs in Riverside County and off Oceanside in San Diego County. One was 20 miles southeast of San Jose and another rumbled through southwestern Los Angeles County in the evening.

"Most likely it's just chance... particularly in the case of earthquakes that are well separated geographically," said David Hill, geophysicist with the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park.

But Hill also said: "The activity we're seeing is symptomatic of a regional increase in moderate earthquake activity that seems to build up in the decades prior to a large earthquake on the San Andreas."

He said such large quakes, which he defined as magnitude 8 or greater on the Richter scale, occur on the San Andreas only every 100 to 200 years, and the last one occurred in San Francisco in 1906. Another occurred on the San Andreas near Fort Tejon in Southern California in 1857, he said.

"As we enter the few decades before those earthquakes, these activities tend to pick up, so certainly we're in that interval in Southern California," Hill said. "Certainly we can see the evidence for that in '06," although he said data was hazier in the 1857 quake because of poor reporting quality.

Thomas Mullins of the state Office of Emergency Services said no problems were reported in any of Tuesday's quakes, and few people bothered to call the police.

The temblors included:

- [ ] A 3.9 quake at 12:12 a.m. 15 miles east of Crowley Lake in the Sierra, an aftershock of the July 21 quake that registered 6.1, shook 53 mobile homes off their foundations and caused an estimated $2.7 million in damage, mostly in Chalfant Valley.
- [ ] The 3.6 quake 20 miles southeast of San Jose at 1:04 a.m.
- [ ] The 4.4 quake, which occurred in the ocean 28 miles southwest of Oceanside at 1:18 a.m., an aftershock of the 5.3 temblor that caused an estimated $500,000 damage in San Diego County on July 13.
- [ ] A 4.2 quake at 2:58 a.m. 20 mile northeast of Crowley Lake, another Sierra aftershock.

# Aftershocks still shaking Californians

CHALFANT VALLEY, Calif. (UPI) -- Hundreds of aftershocks shuddered through the central Sierra on Tuesday, keeping residents jittery while emergency agencies prepared for the possibility of more damaging quakes.

Ray Schaaf, spokesman at the inter-agency command center in nearby Bishop, Calif., said he was told by the U.S. Geological Survey that 1,003 tremors of magnitude 3 or stronger were recorded in the 24 hours following the 6.2 Monday morning temblor that destroyed 20 mobile homes and damaged more than 100 others.

The aftershocks continued through Tuesday, with at least two greater than 4 magnitude.

The state Office of Emergency Services dispatched two large National Guard helicopters, a medical evacuation copter, a communications van and a fuel tanker to Bishop to stand by in case of need.

"The U.S. Geological Survey has advised that it would not be unusual to have more quakes of 6 magnitude in the next few days," said Tom Mullins of the state agency in Sacramento.

"We have advised local governments to check all their resources, communications equipment and hospitals to make sure they have what would be needed and have it secured," he said.

Don Finley of the Geological Survey said Tuesday the scientists were not predicting an imminent great quake. But he said that this region of the White Mountain fault system has not had an earth movement of 7 magnitude in the past 100 years, while there have been great quakes on the same range to the north and south.

# Soviets To Allow U.S. Anglers To Fish For Giant Siberian Trout

The New York Times

MOSCOW -- The chance to fish for the giant Siberian taimen, long just a gleam in the eye of American anglers, should soon be possible under an agreement signed recently by Soviet and American fishing groups.

The taimen, the largest member of the trout family, commonly weighs 40 pounds or more when fully grown and has been known to reach more than 130 pounds. It is unknown outside the cold, remote rivers of Siberia.

The fishing agreement, one of the more unusual to emerge from the improvement in relations between Moscow and Washington, was negotiated and signed in Moscow in July.

American diplomats said it was an example of how an American group, operating without the help of the government, could develop ties with the Soviet Union.

The signatories were representatives of Trout Unlimited, an American fishing and conservation group based in Vienna, Va., and the Union for Hunting and Fishing in the Russian republic, the largest of the Soviet Union's 15 constituent republics.

Under the agreement, American anglers should be able to fish for taimen in Siberian rivers next summer, with an exploratory expedition possible early this fall before it turns too cold.

Stephen Lundy, the Rocky Mountain regional vice president of Trout Unlimited and one of the Americans who negotiated the accord, said in a telephone interview from Denver Saturday, "To be able to fly fish in the Soviet Union, in strange waters for an unfamiliar fish, would be an unbelievable experience."

Lundy ranked the taimen with the Atlantic salmon and brown trout, two of the fish most prized by fly fishermen for their elusiveness and fighting instincts.

Eventually, Americans may also have a chance to fish for Atlantic salmon and char, a small trout, in Soviet rivers near the coast of the White and Barents Seas, Lundy said.

In addition to fishing trips, the agreement called for exchanges of information on wildlife management and conservation. It also encouraged exchanges of fishing equipment and techniques that may introduce to the Soviet Union fly fishing, fiberglass rods and some unfamiliar practices, including the release of caught fish.

The practice, known as catch-and-release, has gained popularity in the United States in recent years to help manage fish stocks, Lundy said.

"That was the one thing that fascinated the Russians the most," he said.

Freshwater fishing is one of the most popular sports in the Soviet Union, but fly fishing is almost unknown, according to Russians.


=== Page 84 of 99

Soviet Policy Changing

Hong Kong PK
The New York Times 8.1.86

MOSCOW -- The Soviet Union's foreign-policy apparatus has been undergoing a major overhaul, including the most thorough reorganization of the Foreign Ministry in memory, according to Soviet officials and Western diplomats.

The structural and personnel changes have resulted in a shift of authority away from the Foreign Ministry to the party's Central Committee. The key person in policy making is now Anatoly F. Dobrynin, the former ambassador to the United States, who, as a national party secretary, became a member of the top Soviet leadership.

The changes have contributed to the development under Mikhail S. Gorbachev of a more flexible, less dogmatic foreign policy that presents new challenges, problems and opportunities for the West, the diplomats said.

Western diplomats cited Soviet overtures to China and Israel as well as improved relations with the United States as evidence of a less ideological approach among Russians.

"There is a degree of suppleness they have not shown before," a Western diplomat said this week.

The recent movement in arms-control talks stems in part from Soviet proposals in June that bore Dobrynin's pragmatic stamp, diplomats said.

Moscow proposed a compromise on medium-range missiles and offered cuts in strategic forces in exchange for an extension of the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty that would have the effect of delaying American development of a space-based missile defense.

Train spills chemicals in Iowa river

UFO Sun Attack Trib 7/30/86

BOONE, Iowa (UPI) -- More than 200 teen-agers were evacuated Tuesday from a summer camp because of toxic chemicals spilled into the Des Moines River when a train was blown off a 190-foot-high trestle by 60 mph winds, officials said.

"All indications are the train was hit by extremely high winds or a tornado," Chicago and North Western Vice President Jim Foote said. None of the train's four crew members was injured.

Star Wars spending criticized

The Pentagon misused research money, the audit said.

with space work Trib 7/29/86

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The Pentagon's Strategic Defense Initiative Organization used money earmarked for Star Wars research for unauthorized projects such as air-conditioning office buildings and repairing roofs, according to a congressional audit released Monday.

"We conclude that SDIO improperly charged its (research) accounts for expenditures that should have been charged against military construction funds," the General Accounting Office said in a 45-page audit.

"We also found that SDI research funds were used for operational support such as to repair a roof and to maintain facilities. We found no evidence that the Congress was aware that SDIO funds were used for such items," it said.

The Star Wars program, known formally as the Strategic Defense Initiative, is a research program to develop lasers and other exotic weaponry that could be used to auto-

See AUDIT, Page 5A

California quake felt in 3 states

The High Sierra temblor was the fifth sizable quake to hit California in two weeks.

By JACK SCHREIBMAN
Associated Press

Pac Ripple Trib 7/22/86

BISHOP, Calif. -- A severe earthquake and a powerful aftershock rumbled across California and parts of Nevada and Utah on Monday, wrecking up to 20 homes, cutting off a town's water and triggering rockslides in the High Sierra.

One giant fissure -- 200 yards long and 150 yards wide -- swallowed a parked pickup truck and stranded 50 campers near Bishop, but no injuries were reported. Later Monday, violent thunderstorms prompted a flash flood warning.

The temblors measured 6.1 and 5.2 on the Richter scale, according to the University of California at Berkeley, the second strong earthquake in as many days. It was the fifth sizable quake to hit California in two weeks.

The quake struck at 7:42 a.m. in the White Mountains 240 miles north of Los Angeles and was felt from San Francisco to Las Vegas, Nev., and in Salt Lake City, more than 500 miles away. The aftershock came nine minutes later. Both were centered 15 miles north of Bishop in the same area where a 5.5-magnitude quake hit Sunday, said Dennis Meredith, spokesman for California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.

"A number of mobile homes were rocked off their foundations" in Chalfant Valley, 17 miles north of Bishop, Mono County sheriff's Sgt. Terry Padilla said.

"Currently there are about 145 homes in the immediate Chalfant area with about 300 residents," Forest Service spokeswoman Lorraine Parrish said. "Of those, about 50 to 60 are mobile homes. ... Probably about 50 mobile homes were shaken off their foundations."

Chalfant firefighter Rick Mitchell said 20 homes, mostly mobile homes, were damaged beyond repair. But, he said, several non-mobile homes also were damaged, and one frame house nearly collapsed.

Customers of the Denny's restaurant in Bishop dove

65


=== Page 85 of 99

Atlantic

* From Page 1A

the National Marine Fisheries Service in Gloucester said about 120 tons of tuna have been landed so far this summer, less than one-third of last year's catch at this time.

And spiny dogfish are eluding the few Gloucester fishermen who make their livelihood off the sharks, said Steven Murawski, an NMFS biologist in Woods Hole.

Meanwhile, giant fish called basking sharks recently were spotted as close as 50 yards from Massachusetts' southern shores.

Police closed beaches in several towns over the weekend despite the assurances of scientists that the sharks were harmless.

What's causing odd creatures to show up off the coast and familiar ones to disappear are as-yet unexplained changes in the northeast Atlantic, biologists say.

One such inexplicable change is a sudden uniformity of water surface temperatures that before this summer had fluctuated radically, said Paul Sieswerda, curator of fisheries and mammals at the New England Aquarium.

But the most obvious change has been a sudden scarcity of pencil-thin animals called sand eels, the staple diet of many of the whales and fish that have vanished from familiar places.

"I've been in the sand eel business 55 years and I've always seen plenty off Stellwagen," said Malcolm Hudson, owner of Hudson's Outboarding Inc. of Newburyport. "They're very scarce this year."

Sand eels became the meal of choice for humpbacks and spiny dogfish a decade ago when the predators ran out of herring, made scarce from being overfished and overeaten. Humpbacks eat more than a ton of the sand eels daily.

To find the sand eels, however, the predators had to move from George's Bank far off the coast to the much closer Stellwagen. Fishermen and whale watchers followed soon after.

"Many people built their lives around the kind of system we've had for the last decade," said Charles Mayo, director of whale research at the Center for Coastal Studies in Provincetown.

Now the predators have moved back out toward George's Bank and off New York and New Jersey, out of the reach of most Massachusetts whale-watch boats and small fishing vessels, in their search for a new food supply.

A resurgence in mackerel catches off the Gulf of Maine is leading scientists to suspect that herring -- a mackerel favorite -- may be on the rise there too, said Douglas Beach, a whale expert with the NMFS.

# Sea shifts

The northeast Atlantic changes baffle scientists and worry some industries.

UFO Sun Attack

By CAROLYN LUMSDEN
Associated Press

Fri 8/14/86

BOSTON -- Unforeseen shifts in the sea are making profitable creatures scarce off the Massachusetts coast and sending sharks close to shore, and those who make their living on the water say they fear the phenomenon may be their ruination.

"It's damaged me many thousands of dollars," said Al Avelar, who runs a $500,000-a-year whale-watch business out of Provincetown.

For weeks, whale-watch boats laden with camera-toting tourists have searched in vain for the 1,000 huge humpback whales that used to lounge on Stellwagen Bank just 20 miles off the coast.

What the boats have found instead is an abundance of right whales, a nearly extinct breed that usually summers off New Jersey.

The humpback scarcity has hurt the business despite the good fortune in finding the rare whales, Avelar said.

Tuna also are missing from their usual spots. Biologist Bill Jerome of

# Water restrictions tightened; more hay heads to dry South

UFO Sun Attack

Associated Press

Fri 8/7/86

Some communities in the drought-scarred Southeast have tightened the screws on water use, and more donated hay was crammed into boxcars Wednesday to help keep the region's cattle farmers in business.

And in Washington, the House, pressing for more aid to the Southeast's farmers than the Reagan administration has so far offered, voted 418-0 on a bill to require the Agriculture Department to provide free government grain to areas suffering a critical shortage of livestock feed.

"The additional assistance in our bill clearly cannot solve the entire drought problem. But it can help," said Rep. Kika de la Garza, D-Texas, chairman of the Agriculture Committee.

Donations of hay have mounted into the thousands of tons, but officials in the heart of the drought say they may need millions by spring.

The months-old drought, the worst in the Southeast in a century, has caused an estimated $2.3 billion in farm losses from southern Pennsylvania to northern Florida. A concurrent heat wave has killed 117 people from the Southeast to the Plains since July 1.

The government of Villa Rica, Ga., voted to restrict some commercial water uses, extending its previous ban on outside watering to car washes, car lots and service stations.

"We had hoped to avoid hitting anyone in the pocketbook," City Manager Robert Barr said. "But I'm afraid that's what we're going to have to do."

One hundred Georgia cities have imposed water restrictions of various degrees.

At least 47 North Carolina cities, counties and towns have voluntary conservation measures and the state's latest Drought Advisory Bulletin says water supplies will likely fall more over the next two months.

A train named "Haymaker" rolled through Maine on Wednesday picking up boxcars loaded with donated hay. It was expected to total 57 cars hauling 38,170 bales and 304 huge rolls of hay destined for North Carolina and Delaware.

(70)


=== Page 86 of 99

Soviet satellite falls into the Indian Ocean

NORAD had predicted the huge satellite would fall into the Pacific off Alaska.

By WILLIAM HARWOOD
UPI Science Writer
8/17/86

CAPE CANAVERAL - A massive Soviet satellite fell from its decaying orbit Saturday and plunged back into the atmosphere, presumably breaking up in fiery chunks as it streaked toward Earth over the south Indian Ocean.

Del Kindshi, a spokesman for the North American Aerospace Defense Command, NORAD, near Colorado Springs, Colo., said Cosmos 1767 fell to Earth sometime between 5:26 p.m. and 5:40 p.m. EDT, according to tracking radars that have been following the errant satellite for the past two weeks.

"It came in over the south Indian Ocean," he said. "From the trajectory, it appeared to be heading northwest to southeast."

Precise information on where any debris may have fallen must await analysis of radar data, Kindshi said.

The initial "terminal impact prediction," which called for re-entry earlier in the afternoon over the North Pacific Ocean off Alaska, turned out to be incorrect. There were no immediate reports of any sightings and while some chunks of debris may have made it to the surface, there was little chance of personal injury.

"We missed our prediction," another NORAD spokesman said in a telephone interview.

"Sometimes they strike the atmosphere and skip out," Kindshi said. "We've had some go around the Earth again before coming in."

Experts believe the satellite was launched July 30 atop a Soviet SL-X-16 medium-class booster but it apparently failed to achieve the proper orbit, either because of a booster failure or a malfunction with on-board maneuvering jets.

Because of the SL-X-16 booster's payload capability, the satellite may have weighed up to 15 tons. If so, it

See SATELLITE, Page 12A

Air Control Tower Hit By Lightning

8/8/86

ATLANTA (AP) - Air traffic across the Southeast was disrupted when lightning struck a major control center, knocking out computer, radar and radio signals for about an hour.

After the lightning strike Thursday afternoon, the Federal Aviation Administration grounded all outbound flights in the Southeast while it concentrated on directing planes already airborne.

FAA spokesman Jack Barker said several bolts of lightning hit the Air Route Traffic Control Center in Hampton, south of Atlanta, at 3:25 p.m. The center controls air traffic for the northern three-quarters of Georgia once the planes leave the areas controlled by airports.

After the outage, all planes in the air were ordered to fly holding patterns, and no other aircraft were allowed into the Southeast region for an hour.

"It was a monster," said Jerry Crosley, a senior vice president with Miami-based Eastern Airlines. "The impact of this has got to be felt clear across the whole country."

"We concentrated on getting the aircraft that were already in the air either down safely or on through our area," Barker said. He said he did not know how many planes were in the center's control area when the lightning struck.

He said a backup computer began functioning immediately, and that various affected systems started working again almost from the time they stopped. He said all equipment was working properly within about an hour.

He said the controllers never completely lost contact with the planes under their control.

"They were able to maintain contact using tower radars along the way, using adjacent (FAA) centers, and all the radar in Hampton didn't go down," Barker said. "The controllers did a very good job of keeping things orderly.

"There were no operational errors reported at all," he said.

5/31/86

Barfield said: "It's depressing. The drought has changed the morale here. People feel helpless."

Last month was the hottest July on record in Columbus, so hot that grass crackled underfoot and air conditioners were stolen from homes and offices. The daily high temperatures in this city of 170,000 people averaged 97.6 degrees and exceeded 100 on eight days. The last day in July was the hottest, 104 degrees.

Californians Brace For More Quakes

7/21/86

Continued from page 1A

tude quake and was followed by two strong aftershocks measuring 5.2 and 5.1 on the Richter scale and dozens of smaller aftershocks. Quakes earlier this month shook the Southern California coastline near Oceanside and the desert around Palm Springs.

Dr. Dallas Peck, director of the U.S. Geological Survey, wrote Monday to William Medigovich, director of the state Office of Emergency Services, warning that the Sierra area faces more quakes.

"It is our assessment that the region of Chalfant Valley from Bishop north to the Nevada border may experience additional earthquakes similar to the July 21 event during the next several days," Peck said.

A series of smaller quakes that began July 3 and led up to Monday's temblor are part of a marked increase in seismic activity over the last decade that could generate an earthquake of 7 on the Richter scale, he said.

The Richter scale is a measure of ground motion as recorded on seismographs. Every increase of one number means a tenfold increase in the strength of the shaking. Thus a reading of 7.5 reflects ground movement 10 times stronger than one of 6.5.

A 7 reading is a "major" earthquake, capable of widespread heavy damage; 8 is a "great" quake, capable of tremendous damage.

The San Francisco earthquake of 1906, which occurred before the Richter scale was devised, has been estimated at 8.3.

Officials said all 145 homes in Chalfant Valley, 10 miles north of Bishop, sustained some damage. Fifty-three mobile homes were knocked from their stands and some were badly damaged. Uninhabitable mobile homes forced about 50 people to seek other lodging, said U.S. Forest Service spokesman Dick Serino.


=== Page 87 of 99

Ground gained on forest fires in Northwest
Psi-Ripples 8/19/86
Associated Press

An estimated 18,000 firefighters gained ground against lightning-sparked blazes that have burned nearly 400,000 acres of forest and grazing land in a week.

Most of the fires remaining in northeastern Oregon were contained or nearly contained and only two blazes of more than 10,000 acres remained out of control in that state, fire officials said.

"If the wind dies down, by golly, we're going to put a hammerlock on this thing in a few days, we think," said Ron DeHart, a spokesman for the U.S. Forest Service in Enterprise, Ore.

The 2,191-acre Garden Valley complex of fires in Idaho, where temperatures soared to near 100 degrees, also was nearly contained.

So far this month, 387,000 acres have been burned in Idaho, Montana, Utah, Oregon and Washington, with fires on 92,150 acres still out of control, said Lee Poague, spokesman for the Boise Interagency Fire Center, the forest fire command post for the West.

The center said an estimated 18,000 firefighters were committed. Poague said the center called in 32 more crews Sunday night, and some 20-member teams from Missouri and Michigan arrived in Boise during the night.

The center dropped a "red flag" alert issued over the weekend when more lightning storms were predicted. Lightning detectors registered 1,522 strikes Saturday night in central Oregon. But on Sunday, a smaller storm left only 18 strikes in the region.

UFO 202 SpaceWork 0.SB 8/16/86
# Veteran Space Pilot Requests New Post

SPACE CENTER, Houston (AP) -- Gordon Fullerton, a veteran space pilot who recently criticized NASA's space station plans, has asked to be transferred from the astronaut corps to an aeronautical research group, according to a source.

Fullerton has asked to join a group of NASA test pilots who conduct research flights in advanced aircraft at the Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base in California, according to a space agency official who spoke only on condition he not be identified. No final action has been taken on the request, the source said.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration spokesman Steve Nesbitt said Fullerton, a 49-year-old Air Force Colonel who has twice flown on the shuttle, declines to be interviewed and would neither confirm or deny the report.

If Fullerton is transferred, it will reduce the astronaut corps to 87. In the last 13 months, eight astronauts have resigned or been reassigned. One was killed in a plane crash, and five were among the seven people killed in the Jan. 28 explosion of Challenger.

In a report, he urged that the station include a life boat system that would enable astronaut crews to quickly return to Earth if a rescue space shuttle was not available. Fullerton also urged that most of the critical parts in the station be housed inside the module, thus reducing the number of space walks required for routine maintenance.

Fullerton is one of seven military astronauts who transferred to NASA in 1969 after an Air Force manned space program was canceled. He earlier served as a test pilot on Air Force bombers.

Tampa Bay Bandits FK
By JOEY JOHNSTON and NICK PUGLIESE 8/9/86
Tribune Sports Writers

Bandits owner Lee Scarfone said Coach Steve Spurrier, the entire coaching staff and most of the front-office personnel will be released from the organization by next Friday.

The Bandits are awaiting a Sept. 3 hearing on the damages portion of the United States Football League's antitrust suit against the National Football League. The USFL plans to play again in the fall of 1987.

Scarfone said Spurrier will be paid the guaranteed portion of his contract ($100,000). Spurrier could not be reached for comment. Although he is free to pursue other coaching jobs, Spurrier has said there are really none available until November or December.

Director of business operations Abbey Sierra and some secretarial help will be retained throughout the off-season, Scarfone said.

Meantime, the 61 players under contract to the Bandits were released from their obligations at 5 p.m. on Friday. Most will explore opportunities in the NFL or Canadian Football League, but some are giving up football.

After sifting through all the player moves, the Bandits will submit a protected roster of at least 10 players to the USFL on Sept. 15. The Bandits will be responsible for those players' off-season compensation, the details of which have not been finalized.

UFO 102 SpaceWork
# Thieves Get Moon Dust When Stealing Van

MEMPHIS, Tenn. (AP) -- Thieves who stole a NASA van carried off moon dust samples, a small computer and a laser-activated video recorder and destroyed a space suit when they torched the van, police said.

There was no way to put a cash value on the moon dust, said police spokesman Ness Smith. "They're not replaceable," he said.

The 1982 Ford van was stolen near the residence of Louis Marshall, who conducts educational programs for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It was found burned on the outskirts of town, police said Friday. O.SB 8/10/86

(72)


=== Page 88 of 99

UFO Sun Attack Trib 8/16/86

Drought hits animals' food

GATLINBURG, Tenn. -- Many bear cubs may die over the winter because drought shrank the acorn crop in the Smoky Mountains, wildlife expert Mike Pelton of the University of Tennessee in Knoxville said.

State officials are just beginning the annual acorn survey, but there have been some signs that the prolonged drought has caused oak trees to drop the nuts prematurely.

"We are experiencing a fantastic cub crop this year because we had a good acorn crop last year," he said. "The worry is that we'll lose a lot of the cubs as they begin to leave their mothers and have to compete with other bears."

# 12 North Florida counties declared disaster areas

UFO Sun Attack Trib 8/14/86

TALLAHASSEE (AP) -- U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Richard Lyng named 12 drought-stricken counties in North Florida disaster areas Wednesday.

The designation will make farmers eligible for low-interest loans and other aid in Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Walton, Baker, Columbia, Gadsden, Hamilton, Jefferson, Leon, Madison and Nassau counties.

Gov. Bob Graham had asked for government relief for 21 counties, although Nassau wasn't one of them.

Weeks of hot, dry weather have scorched North Florida crops and left cattle herds without feed.

Graham said the designation for the 12 counties was based on the fact they are contiguous to counties in Georgia and Alabama that have previously been designated disaster areas.

"We appreciate the prompt response of the Department of Agriculture, enabling eligible farmers in these counties to obtain Farmers Home Administration low interest loans, emergency feed assistance and other aid as they face production losses and other hardships caused by the drought," Graham said.

Graham said he would continue to push for disaster assistance for the other counties -- Union, Escambia, Santa Rosa, Washington, Calhoun, Liberty, Wakulla, Taylor, Suwannee and Lafayette.

Hong Kong PK Trib 8/7/86

Arms experts slate consultations

MOSCOW -- U.S. and Soviet arms experts will meet in Moscow next week for talks on space and nuclear weapons, the official news agency Tass said Wednesday.

The consultations on August 11 and 12 form part of preparations for a meeting between Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze and Secretary of State George Shultz in Washington on September 19 and 20, the agency said. Shevardnadze and Shultz will devote their talks to preparing a second summit between Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and President Reagan.

, 1986

# 11,000 Firefighters Still On The Attack

By The Associated Press

UFO Sun Attack 8/17/86

Thick smoke obscured parts of the Northwest again Saturday as an estimated 11,000 firefighters battled range and forest fires that have threatened homes and charred at least 300,000 acres in a week.

About 90,000 acres still burned out of control Saturday in Idaho and eastern Oregon, and fire crews likely will spend another week stopping them, said Arnold Hartigan, spokesman for the Boise Interagency Fire Center, the national forest fire control center.

About 170 new fires were reported to the center Friday, and "our weather forecast isn't particularly conducive to making much headway," said Boise National Forest spokesman Gary Cornell.

Another onslaught of lightning, similar to the storm that sparked hundreds of blazes across the state a week ago, was predicted for this weekend along with high temperatures and low humidity.

Firefighters in Idaho concentrated Saturday on a fast-moving 1,000-acre range fire south of Salmon that had threatened 40 homes, and on blazes near Garden Valley that had charred nearly 10,000 acres.

Heavy smoke, which grounded earlier fire retardant air drops, built up again Saturday in west-central Idaho valleys, said Barb Forderhase of the Boise National Forest.

On Friday, the smoke lifted long enough to let firefighters drop flame retardant from airplanes on the three Anderson Creek fires in the Garden Valley area, but that was abandoned because it had no effect on the intense, wind-fanned fires. Those fires had burned some 7,700 acres.

Also in the Garden Valley complex, three smaller fires burned into one larger one of about 1,700 acres centered about 20 miles north of Crouch.


=== Page 89 of 99

5, 1986

# Tornado Rips Through Lee, Few Injuries

CAPE CORAL (AP) -- A tornado touched down on the edge of this Southwestern Florida town Saturday afternoon, peeling roofs off houses and turning boats into planes, but causing no serious injuries, officials said.

At least 10 houses suffered heavy damage, and more than 100 others were slightly damaged, sheriff's deputies and emergency officials estimated.

The Lee County Emergency Medical Service transported only five people to Cape Coral Hospital, all suffering from minor injuries, said EMS coordinator John Wilson.

"We're going house-by-house now to see if there are any left in houses with injuries we don't know about," Wilson said.

Capt. Tom Halvorsen of the Lee County Sheriff's Department, who lives in the area hit by the twister, said damage was limited to an area of about 8 to 10 square blocks. The area covers several blocks in Cape Coral and the rest in an area known as Lochmoor Pines in unincorporated Lee County.

"It looked like a war zone," Halvorsen said. "In the 14 years I've been an officer, I've never seen that kind of damage in such a small area. That's what was so amazing about it, it was such a small area."

Halvorsen said he had not seen the twister, but several residents reported viewing the funnel cloud at about 5:30 p.m.

He said 10 to 15 houses had extensive damage and another 50 to 60 had less severe damage, such as shingles and screens missing.

The Cape Coral Police dispatcher said she didn't have any damage estimates from officers on the scene, but Wilson said Cape Coral officials had told him about 70 houses suffered minor damage and one duplex was destroyed in the city.

Halvorsen said he didn't see any houses which were leveled.

"None were completely destroyed because most of the houses around here are that concrete block construction and their pretty tough," he said. "The roofs just blow off."

The sheriff's officer said he first got word of the twister from his wife, who called him at the office to report their 16-foot boat had blown away.

# President optimistic on arms control

## Reagan denied he offered to delay deployment of Star Wars, and said he looks forward to a summit.

* Reagan offers new farm aid -- 5A
* Botha: South Africa will survive -- 8A

CHICAGO (UPI) -- President Reagan said Tuesday he is optimistic that he will hold a summit with Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev this year and that "we're going to make more progress than we've made in a number of years."

Reagan refused to detail the reason for his optimism beyond indicating it was the results of recent exchanges with Gorbachev and the possibility of a summit with him later this year.

Reagan, holding his first formal news conference since June, denied he offered to delay deployment of his Star Wars missile-defense system as a point of leverage in arms negotiations in a letter to Gorbachev.

"I'm not going to discuss what was in my letter," Reagan said. "No one guessing has guessed right yet."

"I'm optimistic that we're going to make more progress than we've made in a number of years," was all Reagan would say when asked about prospects for a summit. He said his optimism was linked to "problems" Gorbachev was having currently, but he did not elaborate on what they were.

**Reagan**

**Quake shakes California**

OCEANSIDE, Calif. -- An earthquake measuring 4.4 on the Richter scale shook parts of San Diego and Orange counties early Tuesday, but authorities received few calls and no reports of damage.

The temblor struck at 1:18 a.m. and was centered 28 miles southwest of Oceanside in the Pacific Ocean, said Dennis Meredith, a spokesman for the Caltech Seismology Laboratory in Pasadena.


=== Page 90 of 99

SOUTHEAST DROUGHT

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Thursday, July 24, 1986

# Temperatures in Bay area normal, rains break pattern

By ALAN SVERDLIK
Tribune Staff Writer

While a hot spell of historic magnitude continues to blister the Southeast, the Tampa Bay area registers temperatures in keeping with summers past.

The highs generally have climbed into the low 90s, deviating very little from past averages. But if the heat is conforming to longstanding trends, the rains are defying them.

"We just don't have an identifiable pattern this year," explained Lois Ball, director of Tropical Weather International, a private forecasting firm based in Tampa. "We're picking up more sporadic showers at different times of the day."

An example of the atypical weather occurred Wednesday when a major thundershower drenched downtown Tampa shortly after noon. Usually, downpours like that one form much later in the day.

Overall this summer, the rainfall patterns have been topsy-turvy because the winds that usually carry showers across the peninsula from the East Coast have been dormant. Instead, winds off the Gulf of Mexico have prevailed, bringing morning and early afternoon showers to the Bay area as they sweep eastward across the state.

Meteorologists blame this on a large high pressure area that determines the prevailing winds by its location in the atmosphere.

For most of the summer, the "Bermuda high," as it is known, has been out of kilter.

"Sometimes it breaks southward for a week or two," said Jim Noffsinger, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Ruskin. "But I can't remember when it's lasted this long. It's somewhat unprecedented."

High pressure systems trap moisture near the Earth's surface, creating sticky conditions in the Bay area. They inhibit cloud formation, one reason temperatures remain so high in Georgia and other states.

Bay area rainfall slacked off this spring and thus far this summer because high pressure systems militate against the formation of thunderstorms.

But officials say West-Central Florida is not as dry as last year, when they imposed water-use restrictions.

Some weather specialists see a connection in the life-threatening drought in the region and the ways in which local weather is taking unexpected turns.

"I wouldn't be a bit surprised if someone came along and associated these high pressure systems with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation," said Jay Martsolf, a University of Florida meteorologist. El Nino refers to a Pacific Ocean phenomenon that affects the world's weather.

Meteorologist Noffsinger said whatever cools off the Southeast probably would cause the trade winds to change directions, and bring back the more conventional rain patterns to Tampa.

# Georgia considers water curbs

ATLANTA (AP) -- If Georgia's water supplies continue to dry up under a broiling heat wave and lengthy drought, state officials may cut off the tap to businesses and some cities may be forced to take farmers to court to ensure adequate drinking water supplies.

The state may require "curtailment or closing" of certain commercial operations later this year, state Natural Resources Commissioner Leonard Ledbetter said Wednesday.

Under water conservation guidelines already on the books, the first to go would be such businesses as car washes and coin-operated laundries.

Georgia's water priority laws have been invoked in recent weeks to order 103 municipalities to issue outdoor water use restrictions or bans.

If an emergency develops, Ledbetter said hospitals and nursing homes would be given top priority for water. Residential water supplies for drinking, cooking and basic sanitation are second on the list, followed by farmers who grow perishable goods such as poultry, fruits and vegetables.

"Everything else can be cut off," Ledbetter said.

That system may be too rigid, said Paul DeLoach, a spokesman for the Miller Brewing Co.'s brewery in Albany.

"I certainly think business has to be included," he said. "No one would say hospitals shouldn't have priority, but when you start talking about agriculture and other businesses, you have to be... flexible."

Cutting back production or closing the brewery, which employs 950 people and an additional 200 at a can-making facility 20 miles away, would have severe economic repercussions, DeLoach said.

Tribune photo by FRED FOX

Hay donated by Midwestern farmers is unloaded from a military cargo plane in Greenville, S.C.

75


=== Page 91 of 99

USFL 8/5/86

Bandits PK Trib

From Page 1A

Bandits owner Lee Scarfone, who attended the meeting with Abbey Sierra, the team's director of business operations, said he was intent on playing the 1986 season.

But, "We could not effectively put enough people together to go forward and lose $3 million to $5 million apiece," he said. "Tony Cunningham (co-owner) and I have spent over $3 million in cash (since purchasing the Bandits in August 1985), and now we're not going to see a football team. It's very disappointing."

"We just don't think we could have gotten the amount of fans one would need. I think the best thing to do is suspend play until we get some kind of judicial relief."

Scarfone said Bandits' season ticket holders, of which there are "less than 5,000," will receive a full refund plus 10 percent interest "very shortly."

Of immediate concern is the status of USFL coaches and players. Bandits coach Steve Spurrier, whose contract expires Jan. 31, 1987, will remain, Scarfone said.

But the players, who have already been inactive for one year and may be asked to sit out another, have a cloudy future.

Scarfone also has to deal with how he is going to retrieve thousands of dollars of equipment, sportswear and souvenirs confiscated by sheriff's deputies on a lien filed by former free safety Bret Clark, who said the team owes him $150,000.

Usher has appointed a three-man committee, chaired by Jacksonville Bulls owner Fred Bullard, to study the status of USFL players and their offseason compensation. The committee will meet with the USFL Players Association later this week, probably Thursday, at an unknown location.

USFLPA Executive Director Doug Allen said he wants a solution "as soon as possible, if not sooner." There is no time to delay, he added, considering that NFL training camps and the job opportunities they bring are under way.

If the committee and USFLPA agree to release players from their contracts, stars such as Herschel Walker, Jim Kelly, Doug Flutie and Kelvin Bryant could jump to the NFL as early as Friday. The Buccaneers hold the NFL rights to Arizona quarterback Doug Williams and New Jersey linebacker Andy Hawkins.

Some owners said they expect to lose some players, but they will be replaced.

"A new league came in and got three Heisman Trophy winners (Walker, Mike Rozier and Flutie) in three years," said Argovitz. "And a new league can do the same thing again, but with a solid business plan."

"There's a new pool of players every year," added the Stars' Ross.

The USFL's plan will mean continuing to pay salaries without any income.

The USFL, which lost approximately $150 million in three spring seasons, was to have begun its first fall season Sept. 13. But that season was contingent on a heavy damage award in its suit against the NFL. The suit claimed that the older league had used pressure tactics to prevent the USFL from obtaining a network television contract.

Last Tuesday in U.S. District Court, a six-member jury found the NFL guilty of monopoly power, willfully acquiring or maintaining monopoly power, and causing injury to the USFL.

However, the jury awarded just $1 in damages (tripled to $3 under antitrust regulations). The USFL plans to ask for a retrial on the damage issue during a Sept. 3 hearing with Judge Peter Leisure.

USFL attorney Harvey Myerson said the league's legal options are: pursuit of a retrial on damages, an appeal to the 2nd Circuit Court of New York, an application for injunctive relief, or enlistment of help from the Department of Justice.

"We are sitting here with a verdict that you have one of the most powerful monopolies in the history of American sports," Myerson said. "It had the intent to injure my clients with actual injury to my clients. And not only my clients, it hurts the American public and competition in this country."

"We are not dead. Those of you who came to bury the United States Football League will be sadly disappointed."

Chilling preview of fall shocks Midwesterners with record lows

* Holiday forecast -- 2B

United Press International

Crisp, autumn-like temperatures, under sparkling blue skies chilled the Midwest on Thursday, shattering record lows in at least 30 cities across nine states, including a century-old reading in Louisville, Ky.

Along the edge of the cold Canadian air, rain stretched from the middle Atlantic Coast across the southern Appalachians into the Tennessee Valley, the National Weather Service said.

Unseasonably cool temperatures in the 50s and 60s chilled the Midwest. Early morning record lows were set in 30 cities in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio and Wisconsin.

In Louisville, a 101-year-old record of 52 degrees was broken by a reading of 51 degrees, the weather service said.

Deep in the Appalachian mountains along the Kentucky-Virginia border, morning fog combined with dropping temperatures kept down the number of hikers at Kentucky's Kingdom Come State Park, but trout fishermen were delighted and showed up in greater numbers.

In Milwaukee, Martin Williams, an assistant manager at a concession stand at Bradford Beach on Lake Michigan, said the cold weather had driven away beach-goers.

"It's ruining our business," Williams said. "The beach is empty."

Readings of 42 in Columbia, Mo., and 41 in Des Moines, Iowa, toppled records set in 1891. It was a record 39 in Kokomo, Ind., and 36 in Lansing, Mich. The lowest reading nationwide was 29 degrees at Hibbing, Mont., the weather service said.

"It's still August, but (the temperatures) are probably more typical of late September or early October," said weather service forecaster Paul Fike.

Showers and thunderstorms were scattered over Texas. Three to 4 inches of rain fell from the Water Valley area to Grape Creek.

In Fairfax County, Va., at least 18 people were injured, three seriously, when a van traveling on a rain-slick road hit a car head-on and careened into a tree early Thursday, police said.

The record temperatures listed in this story are based on the period from midnight to midnight. They may not match the list at right, which reports lows and highs without regard to the 24-hour calendar day. Both lists are prepared by the National Weather Service.


=== Page 92 of 99

At least $25 million spent to fight fires

United Press International

UFO Sun Attack Trib 8/21/86

The cost of fighting this summer's rash of forest and brush fires around the nation has been at least $25 million, most of it in the West where stubborn hot spots raged Wednesday over 88,850 acres in nine states, officials said.

Bureau of Land Management Director Bob Burford was in Idaho to present an award to the Boise Interagency Fire Center, firefighter headquarters, for its performance for the 1985 season.

But he noted the huge effort being expended in the battle against 6,161 fires, most of them started by barrages of dry lightning storms, spread over 710,685 acres of dry wilderness across the West since Aug. 2.

"You've already surpassed last year's records in the number of people dispatched and the number of calls responded to during this season, which isn't over yet," Burford said.

This week, 17,800 firefighters and support personnel from nearly every state were dispatched to the fire lines. In 1985, the Interagency Fire Center called up more than 14,000 firefighters during a four-day period.

This fire season has been one of the West's worst.

Still uncontained were blazes on 64,000 acres in Oregon, 18,500 in Idaho, 2,500 in Utah, 2,200 in Colorado, 400 each in Montana and Wyoming, 200 each in Washington and California and 150 in Nevada.

Burford said conservatively it has cost at least $25 million nationally to fight forest and brush fires this summer. More than 90 percent of the activity has been in the Northwest, he said.

He said more than 1 million pounds of grass seed has been ordered to rehabilitate the ranges.

He noted the BLM spent $9 million on seed in 1984, but this year the cost will be higher.

Among the newest blazes, seven brushfires broke out in the Los Angeles foothills Tuesday but were contained. Firefighters suffered through 100-degree temperatures Wednesday to keep hot spots from flaring up.

A 250-acre suspected arson blaze in the hills between Glendale and Pasadena damaged four homes before being contained.

There was hope that the infernos in eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho were nearing an end.

Roland Emetaz of the Unified Fire Command in Salem, Ore., said the fires in northeast Oregon were 80 percent contained.

"No major lightning storms are projected, and it looks like it'll be a little bit cooler and more humid later in the week," he said.

In southern Oregon, 100 firefighters were back on the lines fighting the 4,000-acre fire near the Deschutes National Forest. It was 50 percent contained by midday Wednesday.

On the other hand, a fire in east-central Oregon thought to be contained, jumped from 8,000 to 19,000 acres during a three-hour span Wednesday morning.

In Colorado, rain helped firefighters contain a 2,268-acre timber and brush fire in the northwest corner of the state.

At least two forest fires were burning out of control in the Bitterroot National Forest of southwestern Montana but they totaled only 410 acres.

More miserable weather expected in Tampa; tornadoes hit Detroit

UFO Sun Attack Ripple

Tribune Staff and Wires

8/3/86

More hot, muggy weather is in store for the Tampa Bay area today with an expected heat index of 105 based on the temperature and the humidity, according to the National Weather Service in Ruskin.

The index that reached 116 on Friday decreased to 107 Saturday when a high of 93 degrees was reported. The 93 degrees failed to break a 96-degree record set in 1908, according to Weather Service meteorologist Chuck Eggleton.

He attributed the lower heat index to clouds blocking the sun and a sea breeze.

Widely scattered thunderstorms were expected in the afternoon and evening today and Monday with a 50 percent chance of rain each day, 20 percent tonight.

Highs during the day are expected to reach the low to mid-90s, with lows in the middle to upper 70s.

"We won't be quite as miserable (as on Friday), just miserable," Eggleton said.

Meanwhile in the Detroit area, three tornadoes touched down Saturday, overturning cars on a freeway and injuring three passengers. And gusty thunderstorms brought cool air and widespread damage to the heat-weary South.

In Detroit, three people were injured by a tornado that lifted four cars off the eight-lane Interstate 96, police said. The victims were admitted in good condition with cuts and bruises to Mount Carmel Mercy Hospital in Detroit.

The twisters tore down several light poles and street signs, but caused no severe damage, police said. Two other tornadoes touched down in Macomb County, northwest of Detroit, causing minor damage while thunderstorms in southeast lower Michigan knocked out power to 7,000 home, police said.

In the South, storms knocked down power lines and thousands of trees, but brought some relief from the record 100-degree-plus temperatures that have plagued the region for the last week. Several minor injuries were reported.

"The most recent record-breaking heat wave is over," said meteorologist Bill Alexander in Atlanta.

Cold records tumble in 55 cities as Canadian air mass chills East

UFO Sun Attack Trib 8/30/86

United Press International

Cold Canadian air chilled the eastern half of the nation Friday, shattering record lows in 55 cities from Louisiana to New Hampshire and toppling a 112-year-old record in the nation's capital.

Light drizzle fell over western Texas and the Southwest where heavy thunderstorms overnight knocked out power to two Phoenix hospitals, forcing surgeons to operate by flashlight and the evacuation of patients.

Easterners pulled on sweaters and long underwear to weather the unseasonable cold. Record lows were set or tied in 55 cities in 23 states and record lows for August set in a dozen cities, the National Weather Service said.

The temperature dipped to 25 degrees in Bradford, Pa., overnight.

In the nation's capital, the mercury dropped to 49, breaking 112-year-old record of 50 degrees. It was the second consecutive day of record low temperatures.

Morning lows were in the 30s and 40s in upper Midwest and Northeast. The chilliest readings were near the Appalachian Mountains and frost was reported as far south as Newland, N.C.

A staff member at the Mount Washington Weather Observatory said nearly an inch of snow fell on the highest peak in the Northeast, prompting him to put on his long underwear.

Readings of 54 in Monroe, La., 51 in Kansas City, Mo., and 32 in Concord, N.H., also set records, the weather service said.

Showers and thunderstorms also dampened northern Florida, southeast Georgia and southern South Carolina.

77


=== Page 93 of 99

Cold air chills upper Midwest; snow falls in parts of Michigan&
UFO Sm Attack United Press International Trib. 9/28/86
Cold air over the upper Midwest Wednesday chased away the dog days of August with record low tem- peratures in the 30s and 40s and light snow that whitened the skies of | In a special statement. northern Michigan for the first time in August.
The cold front, which churned up severe thunderstorms and torna- does Tuesday as it raced across the Midwest, pushed storms into the East and dropped temperatures in the 30s and 40s overnight from the Dakotas to the Great Lakes.
In Atlantic City, N.J., a private plane crashed in high winds, killing two of three people aboard, officials said.
The cool temperatures and brisk north winds gusting across the Great Lakes and northern Ohio Valley made the closing days of August seem like opening days of winter.
Early morning readings of 32 in Duluth, Minn., 44 in Minneapolis and 38 in St. Cloud, Minn., set or tied new records for the date. Midday tem- peratures were in the 60s and 70s across most of the region, the Na- tional Weather Service said.
A shower of light snow pellets fell at midday Wednesday around the Marquette County Airport and nearby K.I. Sawyer Air Force Base
in the Upper Peninsula. By 2 p.m. Marquette was the coldest spot in the nation at 51 degrees.
"The National Weather Service has no records of previous snowfall during August in Michigan," it said/
Frost is possible in low-lying areas of the Upper Michigan Penin- sula this morning.
The cold front triggered thunder- storms over the Appalachians and rain was widespread across New England.
The record temperatures listed in this story are based on the period from midnight to midnight (day of the week). They may not match the list at right, which is recorded with- out regard to the 24-hour calendar day. Both lists are prepared by the National Weather Service.
Steamy And Sticky
MEUSmAttack
Continued from page 1A 53 13 e will be from the southwest at five to
Some weather watchers reported a short, but heavy downpour while others got only a drizzle in early morning
showers. Sam and Helen Noyce at Cotton Plant reported "four or five drops of rain and thunder," this morning. The high there Sunday reached 99 with a 100-degree read- ing on Saturday and humidities in the 80s and 90s.
In Anthony, Frances and Marga- ret Sturgis reported a drizzling rain after a high of 91 on Sunday. Donald Garton at Lake Joe in the Ocala Na- tional Forest had no rain this morn- ing and a high of 94 on Sunday.
The Ocala Water Treatment Plant recorded a high of 98 on Sun- day after a low of 75 and no rain. Rain fell at a drizzling pace this morning and the low was 71 - though early morning tempera- tures as high as 84 were registered throughout the Big Sun.
Very hot days and warm nights are forecast in Marion and Levy counties with the heat index to reach 105 to 110 during the day and drop only to about 80 at night through Tuesday.
As skies clear in the morning skies will be sunny, hazy and very hot with temperatures expected to be near 100 degrees. A 40 percent chance of scattered afternoon thun- derstorms is forecast and winds
~10 mph.
In Citrus and Sumter counties, the chance of rain is 30 percent as temperatures are expected to reach the low 90s.
Skies will be sunny today and Tuesday and fair tonight as winds at 10 mph are expected from the southwest. The heat index is fore- cast near 105. Florida Record-breaking temperatures continued statewide through the weekend as a heat wave sent tem- peratures soaring Sunday.
The mercury climbed to a statewide high of 102 degrees in Jacksonville, tying a record for the date set in 1942. A 100-degree after- noon in Tallahassee broke a record of 99 degrees set in the same year, while 95 degrees recorded at Miami International Airport tied a 1981 record.
In Apalachicola, the high was 95 degrees and the heat index, a mea- surement that combines tempera- ture with humidity to indicate how hot it feels, was 112.
Other high readings throughout the state included 99 degrees in Mil- ton and 98 degrees in Crestview and Pensacola.
It was 97 degrees in Gainesville and Daytona Beach and 96 in Mel- bourne, Orlando and Vero Beach.
78


=== Page 94 of 99

# Billionaire Hunt Clan Files For Chapter 11 Protection

Texas/Hunt PK 8/30/86

DALLAS (AP) -- The embattled billionaire Hunt brothers, struggling to hang onto their empire in the worldwide depression of oil prices, filed for protection in federal bankruptcy court Friday to shield their oil company from bankers.

The Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition for Dallas-based Placid Oil Co. and its real estate subsidiary was the latest move in years of wheeling and dealing designed to save one of the nation's legendary fortunes, beginning with the 1980 silver debacle.

Without the court protection, Hunt assets, including the brothers' downtown Dallas office tower, would have been auctioned off.

Nelson Bunker Hunt, William Herbert Hunt and Lamar Hunt are behind on $1.5 billion in loans, but have charged that 23 banks conspired to wreck Placid and its sister firm, Penrod Drilling Co. The banks deny any wrongdoing, and say they only want repayment of the loans.

Hunt spokesman Keith Burton said the family had not decided what action to take regarding Penrod but that a bankruptcy petition still was being considered.

Placid President Dan Brown said the filing "was necessary to ensure the viability and profitability of Placid until such times as the litigation can be concluded."

In its court filing, Placid listed assets of $2 billion, and liabilities of $979 million. Brown said the company would proceed with "business as usual."

The two companies employ 20,000 people and are among the largest energy firms in the world.

Placid's papers were filed in federal bankruptcy court in New Orleans because most of the privately held company's domestic assets are in Louisiana or offshore in the Gulf of Mexico, Brown said.

The brothers, heirs to flamboyant wildcatter H.L. Hunt, allege the 23 banks are trying to corner the offshore drilling market by putting the two companies out of business, and have filed suits seeking $14 billion from the banks.

H.L. was a Texas gambler who parlayed a $5,000 inheritance into one of the world's great oil fortunes, and his sons have carried on his sometimes eccentric, sometimes wild ways.

But the brothers have fallen on hard times since the worldwide plunge in oil prices. Assets such as drilling rigs and leases once valued at $2 billion or more now are said to be basically worthless.

The Hunts acknowledge that if forced to liquidate to repay the $1.5 billion in loans, Placid and Penrod would be destroyed.

The Hunts' financial woes began surfacing years ago when Bunker and Herbert lost some $1.3 billion in what some called an attempt to corner the silver market.

Analysts said the Hunts' suit against the banks was most likely a stalling tactic, and on Wednesday a federal judge denied a Hunt request to postpone the foreclosures.

Still, Burton said, the family will fight to save its embattled companies.

Bunker, Herbert and Lamar Hunt rarely have offered public glimpses of their vast empire, which once was valued at some $6 billion and included farms, ranches and agriculture equipment throughout the Midwest, real estate in several states, sugar refiners and numerous other commodities in addition to the oil and gas operations.

![Lamar Hunt]
Lamar Hunt

![Nelson Hunt]
Nelson Hunt

![William Hunt]
William Hunt

79


=== Page 95 of 99

2 chemical fires leave 14 injured

Hundreds of people in Indiana and North Carolina had to evacuate their homes.

Associated Press

Explosions at chemical plants in Indiana and North Carolina shot balls of flames into the early morning sky Thursday, injuring 14 people and forcing 1,600 people to flee their homes as thick fumes drifted over populated areas.

Three tractor-trailer rigs filled with industrial chemicals exploded early Thursday at the Southchem plant in Durham, N.C., releasing a cloud that drifted over downtown.

Seven firefighters and a police officer were treated for breathing difficulties and released.

About 600 residents forced to leave in the middle of the night were allowed to return home about 6 a.m. EDT Thursday.

"It was very frightening because a chemical fire, that could be anything," said one of the evacuees, Rudolph Moore. "It could blow up, it could turn into anything. So we left."

A fire reported about 10 p.m. Wednesday at the Superior Chemical Co. in Elkhart, Ind., was extinguished Thursday after exploding 55-gallon chemical drums in a spectacular display that forced evacuation of about 1,000 people.

"When I got there just a little bit of smoke was coming out of the eaves. In 10 to 15 minutes the whole building was involved," said Patrolman Milt Montandon. "We didn't know what we had at first. We had to wait for someone from the company to get here."

Those residents were allowed back into their homes about 8 a.m. EDT. Six firefighters suffered chest pains and shortness of breath battling the blaze, said Baugo Township Fire Chief James Ferro.

Scientists from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency who tested the air concluded there was no danger.

The warehouse contained resin, acetone, dichloromethane and organic peroxide for use in the recreational vehicle industry.

Firefighters allowed the blaze to burn through the night on the advice of hazardous chemical specialists, who said dousing the flames with water might contaminate groundwater supplies. The fire later was extinguished with chemical foam.

Joseph Collie, president of the North Carolina chemical company, said the materials involved there were phosphates, chlorides and sulfides -- "basic industrial products" that are not poisonous.

AP photo

An explosion and resulting fire rip through a chemical warehouse in Indiana late Wednesday in a blaze that forced the evacuation of 1,000 people.


=== Page 96 of 99

# China To Soviets: Get Out Of Cambodia

Hongkong PK O.SB 9/7/86

PEKING (AP) -- Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping said he was ready to "go any place in the Soviet Union to meet with (Soviet leader Mikhail) Gorbachev" if Moscow withdraws its support for Vietnam's intervention in Cambodia.

The 82-year-old Deng also said that U.S. backing for Taiwan remains a serious obstacle to Chinese-U.S. relations.

Deng spoke in an interview last Tuesday With Mike Wallace, a reporter for CBS. The interview will be broadcast Sunday on CBS' "60 Minutes."

Excerpts from the interview were carried by the official Xinhua News Agency.

Deng said China and the Soviet Union "are actually in a state of confrontation" in Cambodia, where Soviet-backed Vietnamese troops have been fighting the past seven years against Cambodian resistance forces armed and financed by China.

"If the Soviet Union can contribute to the withdrawal of Vietnamese troopsfrom Kampuchea (Cambodia), this will remove the main obstacle in Chinese-Soviet relations."

China and the Soviet Union have been at odds since Mao Tse-tung and Nikita Khrushchev split over ideological differences in 1960. The last visit by a senior power holder was by Khrushchev to China in 1959. Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin met Chinese Premier Chou En-lai in Peking in 1969.

Economic and cultural relations have gradually improved in recent years, and Gorbachev in a major address in Vladivostok on July 28 called for an end to decades of hostility.

China says the Soviet Union must first remove the "three obstacles" -- Cambodia, Soviet intervention in Afghanistan, and Soviet troop deployment along the Soviet-Chinese border.

Deng emphasized that Cambodia is the most important of the three.

"Once this problem is resolved, I will be ready to meet Gorbachev. Now I am over 82, already advanced in years. I have long accomplished my historical task of making overseas visits. If this obstacle in Chinese-Soviet relations is removed, I will be ready to break the rule and go to any place in the Soviet Union to meet with Gorbachev."

# Snow, Heavy Rains Thrash West

By The Associated Press UFO Sun Attack

Eleven inches of new snow fell on Colorado's San Juan Mountains, while thunderstorms and winds up to 50 mph swept into Wisconsin on Friday, knocking down power lines and destroying a home.

A tornado touched down Friday afternoon in Elkhart, Ind., near Elkhart Central High School and overturned at least one school bus, but injured none of the four children inside, officials said.

Travelers' advisories for snow and slippery roads O.SD 9/27/86 were posted for the Cascades of Oregon, parts of the northern Sierra Nevada and in the Colorado mountains.

Heavy thunderstorms led to flash-flood watches in lower Michigan and a flood warning was in effect for the Milk River and its tributaries in northern Montana.

A state of emergency was declared in Van Buren County, Mich., where more than $200,000 damage was sustained by 50 to 70 homes and more than 7 inches of rain fell in two days.

The new round of storms that began early Thursday have killed one person and injured five in South Haven Township, police said. Eight people have died in floods that began Sept. 10, and one missing person is presumed drowned.

In South Haven, Mich., two miles of Interstate 196 was closed for two hours Friday because of water 4 feet deep under an overpass, said state police Sgt. Charles Keebler.

# Floods Sock Montana; National Guard Called

UFO Sun Attack O.SB 9/27/86

MALTA, Mont. (AP) -- National Guardsmen and residents sandbagged the rising Milk River and more than 120 people fled their homes Friday after torrential rains in north-central Montana left one person drowned, many animals dead and major highways closed.

For the second day, hundreds of Amtrak passengers had to be bused 90 miles around washed out sections of railroad track.

Gov. Ted Schwinden mobilized the Guard to help reinforce dikes at Malta when heavy rains Thursday caused what the National Weather Service called the worst flooding in 30 years along the Canadian border. As much as 8 inches of rain fell in 18 hours.

About 45 miles to the west, in Harlem, one woman died Thursday when she and her husband were trapped by water and tried to swim to safety, authorities said.

Officials said there were reports of large numbers of livestock drowned. The major highway across northern Montana, U.S. 2, was was closed Thursday but reopened Friday morning.

The high water moved east Friday See National on page 6A


=== Page 97 of 99

# Southeast Drought Eases; $1 Billion in Losses Expected

COLUMBIA, S.C. (AP) -- Increased rainfall since early August has boosted crop yields and lessened agricultural damage in the Southeast, but losses from the region's worst drought on record are still expected to exceed $1 billion, officials say.

"The reality of the loss hits home when you actually harvest," said Charlie Curtis, an agriculture economist at Clemson University in South Carolina.

At the peak of the dry spell, crops wilted from southern Pennsylvania all the way into northern Florida. Now, even after the rain, many farmers in the Carolinas, Georgia, Tennessee and Virginia are on the brink of ruin.

The Federal Land Bank will foreclose on Elbert Coleman's 500-acre farm in central South Carolina if he doesn't make a $5,500 payment by Oct. 1 and a $6,000 payment in January.

But his corn, wheat and tobacco gave him virtually nothing back, and his soybeans may represent his last chance.

"I'm so afraid they're going to start shedding if they don't get some more rain soon," Coleman, 56, said.

"I've been farming all my life," said Coleman, who has leukemia. "With the help of the good Lord and the good people, maybe I'll survive."

Donations of hay continue to flow into the Southeast, but are expected to slow to a trickle when cold weather ends the growing season.

"Things look pretty good now, but a lot of people aren't going to have enough feed for the winter," said Dan Ezell, assistant director of the Clemson University Extension Service.

Rain came too late and at the wrong time for many crops, and was inadequate for others, said officials throughout the region. In many areas of the Southeast, rainfall is still more than 20 inches below normal and has not restored subsoil moisture, meteorologists said.

"The rain has not eliminated the disaster by any means," said Bryan Patrick, director of the Agriculture Stabilization and Conservation Service in South Carolina.

The total damage won't be known until after harvest, but officials with the U.S. Department of Agriculture have projected that losses may surpass $1 billion. Some state projections have been lowered dramatically by the increased rain.

South Carolina and Georgia were hit hardest, said Norton Strommen, chief meteorologist for the USDA.

Damages to crops, livestock and forestry in South Carolina are predicted at $260 million, Hal Harris, a Clemson agriculture economist, said Friday. That's more than $100 million less than earlier estimates.

"It's quite a significant blow, but not as big as anticipated," Harris said.

In Georgia, the estimate of crop losses tabulated Friday is $247.4 million, said Steve Rich, a spokesman for the state Department of Agriculture.

The department has not finished adding losses in tobacco and grain sorghum, he said. About $1 million may be lost in tree seedlings and growth, said Lynn Hooven of the Georgia Forestry Commission.

In July, the Georgia Farm Bureau Federation estimated that losses could run as high as $533 million.

The rain in late August and early September has led to slight improvements for some crops in North Carolina, but state officials have not revised their August estimate of $330 million in losses.

# Storms sweep Missouri, cutting power, flooding roads, homes

United Press International

Heavy thunderstorms followed Interstate 70 across the breadth of Missouri Thursday, drenching the state with up to 7 inches of rain that flooded roads and apartments, cut electricity to thousands of homes and stranded motorists.

Storms stretched from southern Illinois to southwest Indiana and into western Kentucky, the National Weather Service said.

Meanwhile, President Reagan declared 22 Michigan counties a major disaster Thursday because of severe storms that produced torrential rains and flooding last week that was blamed for six deaths and $323 million in damage.

In the Kansas City area, almost 7 inches of rain that fell during four hours flooded streets and creeks. About 12,000 customers lost electrical power, utilities reported.

Residents along the Blue River in Kansas City were advised to evacuate because flooding was expected.

Police and firefighters rescued stranded motorists in the Plaza and Westport areas of Kansas City, Mo., and in Mission, Kan. Westwood had 6.6 inches of rain, the weather service said.

The heavy rains flooded parts of Interstate 70, which stretches across Missouri from Kansas City to St. Louis. Floodwaters 3 feet deep made Highway 50 between Sedalia and Jefferson City, Mo., impassable, the weather service said. The Little Blue River at Lake City, Mo., was 6 feet above flood stage at midday, officials said.

More than 7 inches of rain fell in eastern Missouri and southwest Illinois, prompting officials to issue a flash-flood warning. Ste. Genevieve, Mo., had 7 inches of rain and Evansville, Ind., had 4 inches. In Jackson County, Ill., many roads were under water.

# Weather satellite launch set

LOS ANGELES -- A government weather satellite scheduled for launch next week atop an Atlas rocket will close some gaps in America's weather forecasting capabilities, project officials said Friday.

The launch of the NOAA-G weather satellite from Vandenberg Air Force Base on Wednesday has been delayed for a year by a series of administrative changes and technical troubles.

The NOAA-G weather satellite will replace a malfunctioning meteorological satellite that no longer beams clear information back to Earth, a problem that has hampered weather forecasting capabilities, said project director Larry Heacock of the U.S. Weather Service.

# Red tide sweeps Texas Coast

CORPUS CHRISTI, Texas -- Wildlife officials monitored winds and currents on the Gulf of Mexico on Monday to track a two-week-old red tide outbreak that has killed thousands of fish.

The outbreak has been moving down the coast, remaining from Matagorda Bay at Port O'Connor to Cedar Bayou.


=== Page 98 of 99

# Floodwaters Swamp Michigan Killing 4, Forcing Evacuations

PENTWATER, Mich. (AP) -- Floodwaters surged through lower Michigan today after days of torrential rains that killed four people, injured at least 20 and destroyed three dams, forcing hundreds of residents to flee.

The three days of thunderstorms dumped up to 13 inches of rain, causing millions of dollars in damage, authorities said.

The concrete Childsdale Dam south of Rockford in Kent County collapsed at 2:15 a.m. today, sending floodwaters down the Rogue River toward the village of Belmont, said Kent County Sgt. Clifford Atwood.

"The whole thing's gone," he said of the hydroelectric dam at a defunct paper mill. An unknown number of Belmont residents fled, he said.

An earthen dam at Rainbow Lake in Gratiot County crumbled shortly before 2 a.m. today, flooding Maple River and forcing at least 20 residents at Maple Valley from their homes, the Clinton County Sheriff's Department said.

The floods also forced evacuations downstream in Matherton, Lyons and Muir in Ionia County, said sheriff's dispatcher Judy Batchelder. Temporary shelters were set up in Muir and Hubbardston.

The earthen Hart Dam, seven miles upstream from Pentwater, gave way Thursday night and washed out the southbound bridge carrying U.S. Route 31 over the Pentwater River. But the flooding in Pentwater, where at least 250 residents evacuated, wasn't as bad as expected.

"There were a lot of people here waiting for the tidal wave to come," Village Superintendent Dan Tarnowski said. "But the damage doesn't look too bad now."

The showers ended early today, but flooding was likely to worsen in the Saginaw, Muskegon and White river basins, the National Weather Service said.

In White Cloud, authorities intentionally breached an earthen embankment on the White River to relieve pressure on a concrete dam downstream, said Newago County sheriff's officer Brian Kolk.

# Floods hit Michigan, Wisconsin; thousands flee as dams break

United Press International

Torrential rains across Michigan and Wisconsin Friday triggered a third day of flooding that broke dams, forced thousands to flee their soggy homes, cut power to 65,000 customers and killed at least five people.

Storms that drenched lower Michigan with 13 inches of rain moved into the Northeast, but the runoff broke several dams, closed highways and schools and sent water cascading into basements in Michigan and southeast Wisconsin, the National Weather Service said.

The Michigan Department of Natural Resources warned that flood water in several areas of the central lower Penninsula may be contaminated with untreated sewage and toxic materials from an inundated Dow Chemical Co. plant.

Michigan Gov. James J. Blanchard declared disasters in 18 western state counties and called out the National Guard to help with the cleanup. At least five people have died in flood-related accidents in Michigan, and 65,000 homes were left without electricity, authorities said.

Belding Dam northeast of Grand Rapids was on the verge of breaking Friday night, and about 100 families were evacuated from low-lying areas beneath the concrete barrier, authorities said.

# Dow takes record fall

The 86.61 point single-day slide for the Dow Jones industrial average sets an all-time record, surpassing the previous drop of 61 points set on July 7.

| | | | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | | | | | | |
| 1900 | | | | | | |
| 1850 | | | | | | |
| 1800 | | | | | Down 86.61 | |
| 1750 | | | | | | |
| 1700 | | | | | | |
| | 4 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| | September | | | | | |


=== Page 99 of 99

Flooded Illinois county declared disaster; Atlantic Coast sizzles

United Press International

Illinois Gov. James Thompson declared rain-soaked Lake County north of Chicago a disaster area Sunday because of flooding that caused at least $20 million in damage, and a heat wave over the southern Atlantic Coast broke records set at the turn of the century.

Thompson issued the declaration before leaving to tour the area Sunday afternoon in a boat. He said field reports from emergency officials indicated flood waters damaged at least 500 homes and 50 businesses and left more than 100 residents homeless.

In Malta, Mont., the Milk River began to recede after water had spilled over sandbag-reinforced dikes because of jams caused by hay bales and logs.

Showers and thunderstorms were scattered over the southern Plains and from the Tennessee and lower Ohio valleys across the upper and middle Mississippi Valley to the northern Plains.

Residents of the southern Atlantic Coast states baked in 90-degree weather. Records were broken or tied in several states.

Savannah, Ga., reached 98 degrees Sunday, toppling a record set in 1900 and making it the fifth day in a row a high for the date has been recorded. Both Columbia, S.C., and Augusta, Ga., hit 96, breaking records set in 1900 and 1904, respectively.

To the west, record lows were set in Klamath Falls, Ore., with a reading of 26, while in California, Sacramento had a record 46 and in Stockton, Calif., the mercury dipped to 45.

(The record temperatures listed in this story are based on the period from midnight to midnight. They may not match the list at right, which reports recent overnight lows and daytime highs without regard to the 24-hour calendar day. Both lists are prepared by the National Weather Service.)

Wed 7/16/86

Wakened by mechanical sound - loud speaker - out of nearby woods. Had to be UFO. Explain Beau heard it too. (must be important.)

David thought ahead of Martha + let her walk into it. She did + turned + said "Oh, I haven't given you an alcohol rub yet!" (this tech could be developed)

many, many plane crashes from disorientation

8/5/86

cleaner tried to steal my Chinese shirt. Hassle. Shop burned down.