8511 Newspaper Files

8511 Newspaper Files

=== Page 1 of 31

October 3, 1985

SCIENTISTS

Perhaps you have been reading in the papers about the tremendous numbers of plane crashes recently. In the world...it is due to the Sun Attack of the UFOs. In the U.S. add the effect of the displacement of the Bermuda Triangle Effect overlaid upon the U.S., causing disorientation of humans in cars, trains and planes.

In the UFO Sun Attack mechanism are incorporated a number of effects...a "shotgun effect", if you will. Rays of the Sun and powers of the Sun, unknown to humans, are beamed down upon Earth by four giant UFOs positioned around Earth. The Pacific, Atlantic and Gulf waters are attacking the U.S. from three directions, with their intelligence...which they have. The UFOs are working to create a giant earthquake in California. A mechanism is set up in southern Florida to make, and call in, hurricanes toward Florida and U.S. coasts.

In the enclosed newsclips you will read about the results of this constantly ongoing UFO activity, the sole motivation for which is to bring forth from the U.S. government or some other country the UFO Base which they so urgently desire.

In a recent communication I pointed out how I had caused Hurricane Elena to reverse its path and turn away from Ocala, where I live with my family, because of a request that came over the phone from a "Jim Michaels with the Ocala Star-Banner newspaper in Ocala". After sending it to you, and turning away the hurricane, I persisted in trying to reach this Jim Michaels with the Ocala newspaper. Enclosed you will find a letter from the editor saying that there is no such man with them. So...I was tricked. However, I learned something from it. Remember when the principal of the Oakcrest school requested on the phone, unexpectedly, that I stop the horrendous rainstorm on that one day that would ruin their school carnival...and I did so...and it was documented. Then the local newspaper writer, Mary Ann Murdoch, requested unexpectedly, that I give a demonstration of my powers...and I did so, and it is documented. Following these two incidents was a mysterious phone call from an intelligent sounding man who gave me three names of men to see at the local Vancouver School just before Elena was to strike...said he was from the local newspaper. More than that, my number was unlisted. But he had it. More than that, he had the exact names of the men who were there when I got there: Marcos, Viannello and Smiley. I took my boys there with me and we met them. So...I put it to you...these three unusual requests for demonstrations of my powers, coming unexpectedly over my phone...had to be from government intelligence agencies. This Florida area is a highly sensitive area from a government intelligence standpoint (NASA, Air Force bases, etc.) and they are well aware of my work and capabilities. And...they are testing me. Herein are newsclips showing just how well my UFOs are doing in their attack upon space work activity. Remember, my UFOs will not allow humans to spread their military and political disease into outer space as the humans do upon Earth.

Note the clips about the world water shortage...and Italy suffering from lack of rain. My UFOs Sun Attack is having a devastating effect.

Note that when Elena and Gloria chewed up parts of the U.S. there were few, if any, fatalities and injuries. I am mystified how my UFOs did it...but they know that I want only powerful demonstrations in order to obtain the UFO Base...not fatalities. They somehow erred in the Mexico City quake...but they were perfect in the Japan quake. Also they did beautifully in demonstrating to the U.S. government how well they can affect space shuttles and satellites... without causing fatalities.

Now for a real shocker. Some years ago, in the book "What The Seers Predict For 1972" there appeared a chapter on my work. Am including the chapter en toto herein for you. Note on page 140: "...The SIs and I intend to drive out all whites in Africa and to stop the needless killing of wildlife there. We shall return the country to its native blacks so that the country can once again become healthy and grow. The animals will then multiply and Africa can once again become the wonderful 'cradle of the Earth' that it once was." No doubt you have been reading about all the present trouble between whites and blacks in South Africa at present. It has taken longer for my psi-force attack to develop and begin producing results than I had anticipated, but with regard to the 'mass' of the matter, I understand. I.e., am not bending spoons or working with small 'mass'. See the interesting clips on the Africa project herein. Interestingly, I had dinner in a Washington, D.C., restaurant long years ago when he was


=== Page 2 of 31

2

visiting there (Prime Minister Ian Smith). We had a delightful chat during dinner. I met him in the restaurant by accident...read him as a most interesting person; went over to his table and made inquiry; he invited me to sit down and eat with him and he told me about Africa.

Herein is a clip about Joe McGinnis, who has written another best seller. Years ago Joe did a big article about me and my work in a Philadelphia newspaper, where he was just a reporter. I told him then that in appreciation of his article about me my UFOs would see that he became famous. Not long afterward he was on a train to New York, engaged in idle conversation with some fellow who gave Joe the idea for his first book, which was a best seller.

Note the clips herein showing "freak" storms around the world, such as the freak hailstorm in Brazil; the freak hailstorm in Mexico City, etc. These things, of course, are being caused by my UFOs Sun Attack.

The clip re the UFO seen over Italy...is one of my UFOs.

On 9/4/85 I went to the Sun Bank and they told me that their computers had gone crazy all over town. Not only that, the other banks were having the same troubles. Hence they could not give me my bank balance. It would seem that the powerful psi-force effect that I projected onto the Ocala Star-Banner newspaper is spreading over town... growing, as it were. Note also the clip that mentions the Ocala Star-Banner presses breaking down. Again. Evidently the fact that I discontinued the project after obtaining the desired results (and sending the documentation to you) has not disconnected the psi-force in activity.

Have you wondered about the unbelievable number of plane crashes lately, as well as train and car accidents? It is because of one portion of the Sun Attack...the displaced Bermuda Triangle effect...which is working over the U.S. and actually spreading to other parts of the world.

Joe McGinnis was amply rewarded for helping me, at one time. The same sort of thing will amply reward Dr. Mishlove and Scott Rogo if they get the book published that they wrote about me, my UFOs, and my work.

There are two things now left...that my UFOs want, and so do I. The book published and the UFO Base. When those things are forthcoming, you will stop receiving files like these. I will be too bush working in the Base laboratory, creating wonderfully positive human and weather changes, for the better, all around the world.

Ted Owens (PK Man)


=== Page 3 of 31

UFOs vs. Space Work

# 3rd Stage Engine Fired Too Late

0.83 9/14/85

KOUROU, French Guiana (AP) -- The third stage engine of Europe's Ariane-3 rocket ignited a fraction of a second late, caused the engine to stop and forced ground control to blow up Ariane and its $150 million payload of satellites, officials said in a statement Friday.

The rocket was destroyed Thursday when it veered off course less than 10 minutes after liftoff and began to fall.

The statement released by Arianespace, commercial arm of the European Space Agency, said the reason for the engine failure had not been determined.

It said the combustion chamber of Ariane's third stage failed to ignite "eight minutes and four seconds after the extinction of the second stage."

An "abnormal, late" ignition took place in the combustion chamber 0.4 seconds late, causing the engine to stop, the statement said.

It was the 15th launch in the European Space Agency's Ariane series, the main commercial challenger of the U.S. Space Shuttle. The rocket carried two telecommunications satellites, one U.S. and one European. It blasted off on schedule at 8:26 p.m. (7:26 p.m. local time) Thursday from the agency's base in Kourou on the northeast shoulder of South America.

But, as visiting President Francois Mitterrand of France followed the launcher's progress on a video display terminal in the control room at Kourou, the trajectory began to sag.

Nine minutes and 52 seconds after liftoff, and about 10 minutes before it would have put the satellites into orbit, technicians had to send a self-destruct signal when it became clear Ariane would fall to Earth in an inhabited area of Brazil.

The American Spacenet-3 satellite, built by RCA for GTE-Spacenet, was insured for $85 million and the European Communications Satellite, ECS-3, for $65 million.

The rocket's third stage was to put the satellites into fixed orbits over Earth.

Besides being a direct rival of America's Space Shuttle, the Ariane program is big business and a matter of European pride. France is Ariane's main backer and sees itself as the leader in Europe's technology of the future.

Thursday's failure, the third in 15 Ariane shots, followed nine straight successes. It will not immediately affect business because Arianespace, the commercial arm of the European Space Agency, is booked solid for the next four years.

But in the longer term, negative consequences could result.

The Europeans always claimed Ariane is more reliable than the Space Shuttle because it puts satellites directly into orbit. The shuttle takes satellites out over the Earth, and then boosts them into orbit -- two operations and double the risk, the Europeans contended.

# Weather Satellite Falters

0.5B 8/29/85

UFOs vs. NASA (Space)

WASHINGTON (AP) -- America spent about four hours without a good look at its weather last weekend, when the main meteorological satellite decided to turn its back and stare at the sky instead of the Earth.

Experts at the National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service say they don't know why the orbiter, called GOES-6, reversed itself Sunday evening -- but they finally got it turned around again.

The incident could have had a major impact if severe weather had been developing, officials indicated, although as it turned out no serious problems occurred.

The popular weather map photos widely used by television stations and newspapers, and other readings supplied by the satellite, were not available during the period GOES-6 was out of service.

The loss totaled more than 200 images of Earth, said Doug McCallum of the satellite service, the division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration which operates satellites.

Some readings were available from other satellites which orbit over the poles, rather than remaining in a fixed position, but those pass over particular areas only twice daily, McCallum explained. Thus, they offer less protection in the event of rapidly developing storms.

If a failure such as occurred Sunday extended over a longer time, it could have a serious impact on the ability to monitor severe storms, McCallum explained.

An unexplained timing upset caused the GOES-6 satellite to turn its eye toward space from about 4:35 p.m. until about 9 p.m. EDT Sunday.

Located at a fixed point about 22,000 miles above the Earth, since August 1984, GOES-6 has been the lone fixed-point satellite doing this work. A companion, GOES-5, lost its ability to transmit photos when a light in the satellite failed at that time.

A replacement for GOES-5 is scheduled to be launched next spring, so that the United States will again have two such satellites in service.

Normally two fixed weather satellites are located over the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, looking at the nation from the East and West. However, since last summer, GOES-6 has been repositioned south of Texas to cover the whole country from a central location.

Fri. 9/1/85

# Indonesia satellite malfunctions

UFOs vs NASA (Space)

JAKARTA, Indonesia -- An equipment malfunction caused Indonesia's Palapa B-1 satellite to tilt out of its operating position, a government official said Saturday.

The Palapa B-1, designed to last nine years, was put into orbit by the American space shuttle Challenger in June 1983.

One of two units that monitor the temperature of satellite and rotate it to prevent overheating in the sunlight, malfunctioned Friday for unknown reasons, said Achmad Tahir, the minister of tourism, postal and telecommunications.

# Satellite launch delayed

UFOs vs NASA 9/27/85

CAPE CANAVERAL -- The launch of an Atlas Centaur rocket carrying a $30 million communications satellite was postponed Thursday until at least Saturday because of a malfunctioning data processing unit, NASA officials said.

The unit, which processes information from several spacecraft systems, will be replaced and studied to determine why it failed.

The two-ton Intelsat 5-A will be part of a communications system owned and operated by the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, made up of 109 countries.


=== Page 4 of 31

# Shuttle Astronauts To Try And Salvage Satellite

(1)

CAPE CANAVERAL (AP) -- Five astronauts who will try to salvage a disabled satellite later this month boarded space shuttle Discovery on Friday and completed a successful countdown rehearsal.

"We had a very good test," commander Joe Engle said after the simulated liftoff. "We're definitely ready to go."

The launch is set for Aug. 24 but that is contingent on the investigation into why one of sister ship Challenger's engines quit early during liftoff July 29. Challenger achieved orbit on the power of its two remaining engines and flew an eight-day mission on a lower-than-planned path.

NASA engineers believe faulty heat sensors falsely sensed a fuel pump overheating and sent a message to a computer to shut down the powerplant.

Preliminary inspection of the engine at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., where Challenger landed, tends to support that theory. Using a fiber-optics boroscope, technicians probed inside the engine and found no damage or indication of overheating, the National Aeronautics and Space and Administration said.

The sensors were removed and shipped to their manufacturer, Rosemount Inc. in Minneapolis, for examination. Results are expected next week.

New sensors will be installed in Discovery's engines.

Joining Engle for the flight will be pilot Dick Covey, Mike Lounge, Bill Fisher and Jim van Hoften.

They are to deploy three commercial communications satellites and then track down and try to repair the $85 million Syncom satellite that failed to activate when deployed by another shuttle crew in April.

During a spacewalk, Fisher and van Hoften will attempt to "jump start" Syncom by rewiring its timing mechanism, believed to be the cause of the failure. Before making the repair, they will have to disarm two payload fuel systems, re-arming them later.

(2)

Satellite written off

An $85 million Hughes Communications Inc. communications satellite launched from the shuttle Discovery last month was written off as a failure Monday, pushing satellite insurance losses to some $234 million in a single week. The satellite, launched Aug. 29 by the space shuttle, worked well for two days but abruptly lost its UHF transmission capabilities. The failure pushes satellite insurance claims to some $600 million for the past year and a half.

8-A THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Wednesday, August 28, 1985

# Shuttle's problems send costs soaring

Los Angeles Times

Despite its much-heralded successes, the space shuttle program remains far more costly and its flight schedule far less reliable than Congress and the nation had been led to expect when the project was approved in the early 1970s.

About $25 billion has been spent developing, building and launching the fleet of four reusable space planes. But something has gone wrong on almost every flight, including a dramatic engine shutdown during last month's launch.

(The space shuttle Discovery finally lifted off Tuesday after back-to-back weekend "scrubs" -- one because of the weather and the other because of a computer failure.)


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UFOs vs. NASA (Space)

# Satellite Salvage Planned

O.S.S 8/27/85

CAPE CANAVERAL (AP) -- Shuttle Discovery found a hole in the clouds today and finally rocketed away from Earth on a daring salvage mission in which space-walking astronauts will try to "hot-wire" a derelict satellite.

The twice-delayed shuttle mission began spectacularly as the 100-ton space plane thundered off its launch pad at 6:58 a.m. EDT and dashed high over the Atlantic Ocean, spewing a 700-foot-long tail of flame and lighting up the dawn sky.

Discovery got off just in time. Minutes after liftoff, the hole in the clouds closed and heavy rain deluged the launch pad.

Weather had once again threatened to block the launching as clouds from a tropical disturbance dumped rain on the space center throughout the early morning. The five astronauts wore rain slickers as they left their crew quarters for the 8-mile ride to the launch pad.

But forecasters spotted a large hole in the center of the system and predicted it would pass over the Cape shortly after 7 a.m. With that information, launch director Bob Sieck pushed the liftoff back from 6:55 a.m. to 7:05, then ahead when the hole moved over.

The clock was counted down to nine minutes and was held there while meteorologists watched the weather. The hole materialized early, the count resumed, and Discovery blasted into space, a pillar of fire against the dark sky.

Nine minutes later, Mission Control Center in Houston reported Discovery was in a secure orbit more than 200 miles high, racing at more than 17,000 mph.

A thunderstorm wiped out the first launch attempt Saturday and a failed spacecraft computer forced a second postponement on Sunday.

The launch team had only a 34-minute period in which to put Discovery on a proper course to deploy three communications satellites and to track down a fourth for repair.

If Discovery had not been launched by Thursday, the rescue would have been abandoned because the derelict satellite no longer would be in a proper position for a rendezvous. In that case, the astronauts would have flown a shortened mission to deploy three communications satellites.

Although the rescue of the $85 million Syncom communications satellite is the glamour part of the flight, the release of the trio of satellites for paying See Shuttle on page 8A

# Unexplained timing problem puts weather satellite out of service

Trib. 8/29/85

WASHINGTON (AP) -- The nation's main weather satellite began staring out into space Sunday, but government officials got it to turn back towards Earth within a few hours, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration reports.

An unexplained timing upset caused the GOES-6 satellite to turn its eye toward space for about 4½ hours Sunday, officials said. It was out of service from 4:35 p.m. until about 9 p.m. EDT.

Located at a fixed point about 22,000 miles above the Earth, GOES-6 transmits the weather photos widely used by television stations and newspapers across the nation.

Since August 1984, it has been the lone fixed-point satellite doing this work. A companion, GOES-5, lost its ability to transmit photos when a light in the satellite failed. A replacement for GOES-5 is scheduled to be launched next spring.

Normally, two fixed weather satellites are located over the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, looking at the nation from the east and west. However, since it became the lone fixed satellite last summer, GOES-6 has been repositioned south of Texas to cover the whole country.

The popular weather-map photos and other readings supplied by the satellite were not available during the period GOES-6 was out of service. The loss totaled more than 200 images of Earth, said Doug McCallum of NOAA's National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service.

Some readings were available from other satellites that orbit over the poles rather than remain in a fixed position, but those pass over particular areas only twice daily.


=== Page 6 of 31

Shuttle To Lift Off
After Errant Satellite

Ocalan Survives Lightning Strike

By STACY PARKER
Staff Writer
8/13/85

Robert Olesky Jr. of Ocala hopes that lightning never strikes twice - he might not live the second time around.

Last Saturday Olesky was struck in the head by a bolt of lightning that traveled through his body, singeing his hair and welding shut the zipper on his pants.

Doctors are calling it a miracle that the 20-year-old man is alive.

Olesky, of 2514 Northeast 12th Ct., and a friend, Rudy Newman, said they had just left Olesky's father at a convenience store in Zuber Saturday afternoon and were walking across a nearby field, on their way to visit friends, when the lightning struck.

The last thing Olesky remembers about the accident is his friend telling him to watch out for the lightning.

"I remember it was pouring outside, and I saw a streak of lightning," Olesky said. "But it looked far away so we kept walking. Then I remember Rudy telling me to watch out."

See Ocalan on page 6A

UFOS vs NASA
Shuttle glitch identified 8/13/85

CAPE CANAVERAL - The engine shutdown that almost aborted space shuttle Challenger's launch last month was caused, as suspected, by sensors that broke and falsely reported a fuel pump was overheating, officials reported Monday. All three thermal sensors removed after the shuttle landed were defective.

Meanwhile, NASA reported the launch pad where Discovery is being groomed for its Aug. 24 launch was struck by lightning Saturday night. The bolt hit a large lightning rod and there was no damage to the shuttle or to the pad, officials said.

Note: Ocala a "rare happening" tied in with Cape Canaveral shuttle lightning hit.

Owens
4

Ocalan Ranks As Rare Survivor Of Lightning Strike

Continued from page 1A 8/13/85

"The first thing I remember was waking up in the ambulance on the way to the hospital," he said. "But I passed out again and then woke up in the emergency room. I couldn't remember my name or my birthday. It was scary."

Newman, who was only a few feet away from Olesky when the lightning hit, said he felt only a tingling sensation and was unhurt. He said he looked at the unconscious Olesky and then ran for help.

Witnesses in a nearby house said Olesky fell to a push-up position on the ground when the lightning struck him, and that he appeared to be trying to get up when his arms gave way and he fell on his face.

Olesky's father, Robert Sr., was the first person to reach his son.

"My main concern was that he was breathing," he said. "I have had all types of first aid training, and I could've helped someone else; but looking at my own son I just trembled. I froze. It was a hair-raising experience."

Olesky Sr. said a paramedic team from Munroe Regional Medical Center arrived within minutes and quickly treated his son. Olesky said one of the medics came to visit him in the hospital twice to check on him.

The victim was released from the hospital Monday but says he is still in pain and has trouble hearing. Doctors said they are unsure what, if any, permanent effects Olesky will face and are concerned that he may not fully regain his hearing.

"The doctors said the lightning struck me in the head then came out my neck," Olesky said. "Then it went down to my zipper, traveled through my leg and blew a hole in my shoe. It welded my zipper shut. If it would have hit me full force, it would have fried me."

A sheriff's deputy investigating the accident was shocked to find Olesky alive.

"He told me has has been on the force 15 years and all lightning victims he has seen were either dead on the scene or died at the hospital," Olesky said.


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# Shuttle To Lift Off After Errant Satellite

UFOC v2. NASA (Space) 0.5B 8/24/85

CAPE CANAVERAL (AP) -- Fitted with improved engine gauges to avoid another cliffhanger launch, Discovery was primed Friday to begin one of the most daring space shuttle missions, the capture and rewiring of an $85 million wandering satellite.

Launch was set for 8:38 a.m. today and an Air Force weatherman said "the worst we expect are scattered clouds."

If all goes well, the shuttle will edge alongside the 7½-ton slowly spinning derelict on Thursday, and one of the five astronauts will grab the satellite with his gloved hands and stop its rotation.

Each of Discovery's three main engines is fitted with two new sensors to measure the temperature on fuel pumps. On Challenger's last launch, July 29, two thermometers indicated one engine pump was overheating and it was shut down by a computer.

It was the first time in the manned space program that an engine was shut down in flight, causing concern for the safety of the astronauts. Engineers determined later that the instruments, not the pump, were at fault and an improved version was installed.

"We've got a lot of confidence in the new sensors, that they are going to solve our problems," said Jesse Moore, director of the shuttle program.

"We think the activities are safe," he said. "I don't think we're taking any additional risk in terms of the rescue."

Discovery will start its sixth flight in less than a year with a cargo of three satellites which will be deployed at a one-a-day rate before the rescue attempt. One of the satellites is a Syncom scheduled to join two others already in proper orbit. It has been modified to prevent the same problems that befell No. 3.

Hughes Communications and the other two customers, American Satellite Co. and the Australian government, are paying NASA nearly $40 million for the delivery service. In addition, Hughes is paying about $8.5 million for the rescue, which Moore said represents NASA's costs.

The rescue attempt will be the second for the Syncom satellite, which failed to activate after it was released from another shuttle last April.

After the satellite proved to be a dud in April, the shuttle crew fashioned a "flyswatter" from plastic book covers to snag a master switch thought to be at fault. The snare attempt was successful but it failed to bring the satellite to life.

Marvin Mixon, vice president of Hughes Communications, was not overly optimistic Friday night.

"It's 50-50, the entire success of the mission," he said. "That is, that we get it into orbit, that it is a viable satellite and that we can turn it over to the Navy."

The satellite, the third of four, is to be leased by Hughes for the Navy's communications network.

Hughes Communications worked out the plan with NASA in which astronauts James "Ox" Van Hoften and William Fisher will "hot-wire" the Syncom to bypass the electrical circuits of the entire timing mechanism.

# Thunderstorm Delayed Planned Launch

Continued from page 1A O SB 8/25/85

Officials worried not only about the shuttle climbing through rain and lightning, but also the visibility from the air of the Kennedy Space Center runway in case the shuttle had to make an emergency landing in the early minutes of flight.

Rain could damage the shuttle's fragile tiles and lightning could zap its computers and guidance systems.

In early afternoon, lightning struck a main transformer that feeds the northern half of the space center, including the launch control room and its many computers and the launch pad 3½ miles away.

Lights were out in many areas of the Cape for up to 20 minutes, but NASA spokesman Dick Young said there was only a momentary outage in the launch control room and on the pad. Both have emergency power, but it was not needed.

Young said the shuttle, which was being drained of fuel at the time, lost internal power but that was picked up immediately by fuel cells that provide electricity while the ship is in orbit.

For a brief period, it appeared the liftoff might be delayed slightly because a freighter had to be chased from the restricted area near the launch pad. The problem was mooted by the storm clouds.

Meteorologists had predicted good weather for Saturday. For Sunday, they forecast thunderclouds and rainshowers in the vicinity and offshore.


=== Page 8 of 31

Note: Got it! Duane

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Saturday, August 24, 1985 3-A

# Space walkers cleared for launch of shuttle

By WILLIAM HARWOOD
UPI Science Writer

CAPE CANAVERAL -- Discovery's space-age hardhats Friday were cleared for launch this morning on a weeklong shuttle flight to hot-wire a satellite loaded with fuel but marooned in the wrong orbit.

"We've given a green light to go for launch in the morning," said Jesse Moore, associate NASA administrator in charge of the shuttle program. "It's going to be an extremely challenging mission."

In a display of "right stuff" bravura, space walkers James "Ox" van Hoften and William Fisher plan to perform electronic bypass surgery on the Syncom communications satellite to salvage its mission and to demonstrate a space repair capability no other nation can match.

Discovery was scheduled to take off at 8:38 a.m. EDT from the Kennedy Space Center and Air Force weather officers predicted acceptable weather for the 20th shuttle launching in four years.

"The crew is ready to fly and we're ready to have a good launch in the morning," Moore said at a launch eve news conference.

The final segment of the countdown got under way on schedule at 7:18 p.m. EDT Friday after an eight-hour, 18-minute rest period. The technicians' first job was to move a service tower away from Discovery for fueling operations.

New fuel pump heat sensors have been installed in Discovery's three main engines to prevent a repeat of last month's premature engine shutdown during shuttle Challenger's climb to space.

Discovery will land at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., on Aug. 31 or Sept. 1, depending on the progress of the mission.

Commander Joe Engle, co-pilot Richard Covey and crewmates van Hoften, Fisher and John "Mike" Lounge plan to launch a communications satellite owned by the American Satellite Co. about 6:12 p.m. today.

After launching a relay station owned by Australia and deploying a modified Syncom, the crew will turn its attention to the satellite repair job.

In recent interviews, neither Fisher nor van Hoften expressed any fear of working around a satellite with obvious electrical problems and a "live" solid rocket motor packed with 7,382 pounds of propellant.

"We don't want to do anything that's unsafe," Fisher said. "We can't afford to lose a vehicle, we can't afford to lose a crewman. None of us are interested in an unsafe or risky task just to be heroes."

In what promises to be one of the most dramatic moments yet in the shuttle program, van Hoften, anchored to the end of Discovery's spindly robot arm, plans to install a handlebar on the side of the slowly spinning 15,200-pound Syncom to wrestle it to a standstill so Fisher can attempt repairs.

The $85 million Syncom, owned by Hughes Communications Inc. and leased by the Navy, was launched from Discovery in April, but an automatic timer never engaged to fire its ICBM-type rocket motor.

The satellite was left dead in space in an orbit thousands of miles too low, despite a valiant effort by the shuttle crew to flip the relay station's start switch using homemade "flyswatter" tools on the end of the ship's robot arm.

Once van Hoften has stopped the satellite's 1 rpm spin, the craft will be held by the arm while Fisher installs gear to make sure the satellite's rocket motor cannot fire.


=== Page 9 of 31

12-A THE TAMPA TRIBUNE-TIMES, Sunday, August 25, 1985

# Thunderstorm causes scrubbing of launch

By HARRY F. ROSENTHAL
AP Aerospace Writer

CAPE CANAVERAL -- The launch of space shuttle Discovery was scrubbed Saturday by a thunderstorm that lingered just long enough to cause a one-day postponement.

A new attempt to launch the ship and its crew of five on a satellite delivery-and-rescue mission was set for today at 7:57 a.m. EDT.

Storm clouds began building as Saturday's countdown reached the final scheduled "hold" at the 9-minutes-to-liftoff mark.

"We are taking a close look at thunderstorms in the vicinity of the landing facility," said Launch Control's Hugh Harris. Moments later, clouds closed in, thunder rolled over Cape Canaveral, and the clock ticked toward the end of the 34-minute "window" in which the shuttle could leave.

Launch director Bob Sieck allowed the count to continue to the 5-minute mark, hoping for a last-minute change, then ordered the scrub.

Within minutes, the sky again was a brilliant blue.

"The weather was simply unpredictable this morning and nobody wanted to take a chance," Harris said. "There were little rainshowers springing up out of nothing."

Officials worried not only about the shuttle climbing through rain and lightning, but also the visibility from the air of the Kennedy Space Center runway in case the shuttle had to make an emergency landing in the early minutes of flight.

Rain could damage the shuttle's fragile tiles and lightning could zap its computers and guidance systems.

In early afternoon, lightning struck a main transformer that feeds the northern half of the space center, including the launch control room and its many computers and the launch pad 3½ miles away.

Lights were out in many areas of the Cape for up to 20 minutes, but NASA spokesman Dick Young said there was only a momentary outage in the launch control room and on the pad. Both have emergency power, but it was not needed.

Young said the shuttle, which was being drained of fuel at the time, lost internal power but that was picked up immediately by fuel cells that provide electricity while the ship is in orbit.

For a brief period, it appeared the liftoff might be delayed slightly because a freighter had to be chased from the restricted area near the launch pad. The problem was mooted by the storm clouds.

Meteorologists had predicted good weather for Saturday. For today they forecast thunderclouds and rainshowers in the vicinity and offshore.

Only six of the 19 previous shuttle missions have been launched when they were supposed to; weather caused four of the delays. Officials waited out rain in April and launched with 55 seconds to spare.

The launch window is determined by several factors, including the time that three communications satellites are to be deployed by the astronauts and by the position of the disabled satellite they will try to rescue.

The five astronauts had been in the shuttle cabin for more than two hours when the countdown was halted. They were given a free afternoon and time was set aside in the evening so that commander Joe Engle and pilot Richard Covey could practice emergency landings.

The other crew members are mission specialists James van Hoften, William Fisher and John M. Lounge.

On the first day of eight-day flight, the astronauts will launch a satellite for American Satellite Co.

# Death Toll Hovering At 230

More About The Earthquake, 1D

MEXICO CITY (AP) -- Fires flared across this devastated city today and desperate rescue teams clambered over the ruins as the hemisphere's greatest metropolis dug out of one of its greatest tragedies, a giant earthquake that tore at the midsection of the Americas.

Officials and witnesses confirmed at least 230 dead in the Thursday morning quake, but the toll was expected to go much higher. Mexico's Channel 2 television, in a report that was not attributed, said 770 people were killed.

"I would not dare give a number," said a grim-faced Mayor Ramon Aguirre.

He said an estimated 1,000 people were entombed in collapsed buildings in this huge, teeming city. Five thousand people had been treated for injuries, he said.

Mexico City and four coastal states, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco and Michoacan, were hardest hit by the 7:18 a.m. (9:18 a.m. EDT) quake, which leveled cathedrals, schools, hospitals, hotels and scores of other buildings -- at least 250 buildings in Mexico City alone, according to Aguirre.

The tremor measured 7.8 on the Richter scale of ground motion, making it the strongest to rock Mexico since 1973.

"It's like a big monster," said a disbelieving volunteer rescue worker, Juan-Carlos Christy, outside a destroyed hotel. "It's like being bombed or in a war."

"We know there are people in there, we know," a soldier said sadly as he stood outside a badly damaged apartment building. "But it's just too weak ... and smoky and we just can't go in there."

Associated Press reporter Mike See Earthquake on page 8A


=== Page 10 of 31

UPI photo

Unable to fly the space shuttle, a grinning shuttle commander Joe Engle settles for a joy ride in a T-38 jet.

# Malfunction in computer scrubs launch of shuttle

The flight was further postponed so NASA could check for possible damage from fueling and refueling.

By AL ROSSITER Jr.
UPI Science Editor

Trib. 8/26/85

CAPE CANAVERAL -- Computer failure Sunday forced the second launch postponement in two days for the shuttle Discovery and the ship was grounded until Tuesday so technicians could check for possible engine plumbing damage.

The faulty $1.2 million flight control computer was replaced by a spare 11 hours after the "scrub" and engineers expected to complete the engine inspections by this morning.

An increasing chance of bad weather appeared to be the only obstacle for a blastoff Tuesday. There was a 40 percent chance of thunderstorms and forecasters were watching an area of cloudiness extending northward in the Atlantic from Hispaniola.

The back-to-back weekend delays imposed extra pressure on the Kennedy Space Center ground crew to get Discovery airborne because Thursday is the deadline for sending the shuttle up to capture and rewire the disabled Syncom 3 communications satellite.

The main mission for the ship's five astronauts, however, is to deploy three communications satellites and earn NASA $35 million in orbital delivery fees. The satellite launchings could be accomplished with a later blastoff, but the disabled Syncom 3 will be out of rendezvous range after Thursday.

"The team is pretty disappointed having been denied two days in a row in getting this very ambitious mission going," said launch director Robert Sieck. "We'd been hit by weather the day before and today we had a hardware problem. The team was pretty discouraged."

Discovery commander Joe Engle, seemingly undaunted by the setbacks, echoed his statement of Saturday, when the launch was delayed by bad weather, and said Sunday: "We'll get it tomorrow." Officials later, how-

See SHUTTLE, Page 6A

# Shuttle

* From Page 1A

Trib. 8/26/85

ever, decided to delay for 48 hours.

Engle, Richard Covey, William Fisher, James van Hoften and John Lounge spent a little more than two hours in Discovery's cabin Sunday before returning to their crew quarters. They had the afternoon off and Engle went for a joy ride in a T-38 jet.

Sieck said the two-day delay was necessary to allow technicians to inspect large liquid hydrogen pipes between the two fuel pumps on each of the three main engines. They wanted to see if two cycles of alternate cold temperatures from the minus-423 degree F. hydrogen and subsequent warming after the fuel was drained damaged the pipe's insulation.

The concern was that nitrogen might penetrate the insulation and expand as it was frozen and dent the fuel pipes. A significant dent could slow the flow of fuel to the engine and lead to a possible explosive engine shutdown.

The ship was fueled twice with more than 500,000 gallons of liquid hydrogen and oxygen. Even though the propellants were drained from Discovery after each delay, a considerable amount of hydrogen evaporates and NASA ordered 10 tank trucks of hydrogen rushed in from a plant in New Orleans.

Sieck said every day Discovery's takeoff is set back would have a corresponding delay on the maiden launch of the fourth shuttle, Atlantis, on a secret military flight. Its launch had been targeted for Sept. 30.

Discovery's countdown Sunday rolled along smoothly until 45 minutes before the planned 7:55 a.m. EDT launch time. A computer that serves as a backup to four identical computers aboard Discovery indicated it had an error in its 106,000-word memory.

A quick evaluation revealed that the trouble was not in the computer's programming, but in the computer itself. Engineers ordered the unit removed from Discovery and sent to Houston for testing.

"It's disappointing to get all the flight systems up to where they are and then you have a hardware problem," shuttle chief Jesse Moore said in an interview. "But anybody who works in this business who deals with hardware knows that sometimes you're going to have hardware problems.

"My philosophy is that I'd much rather find them on the ground than find them in flight," he said.

It was the second time in the four-year shuttle program that a shuttle blastoff had been delayed twice in successive days. Discovery's first flight attempt June 25, 1984 was halted by a failure in the backup computer and a launch try the next day was aborted when its main engines shut down on the launch pad because of a valve problem.


=== Page 11 of 31

UFOs vs NASA (Space)

# Astronauts Check Gear For Salvage

CAPE CANAVERAL (AP) -- After a frantic first day in space that included an unplanned double-header satellite launch, Discovery's astronauts took it easy today, checking out electronic gear they will use in a spacecraft salvage effort Saturday.

That rescue-and-repair effort might be complicated, however, because the "elbow" on the shuttle robot arm does not respond to computer directions and must be operated by tedious manual switches. Officials said the ailment should not block the salvage but could turn it into a longer task.

The 50-foot arm will grasp and hold the Syncom 3 satellite steady after space-walkers James van Hoften and Bill Fisher have secured it by hand and have attached a grapple to it.

"Tomorrow will be a very light day for the crew, which is a fairly well deserved light day," said flight director Bill Reeves Tuesday night. "We rewrote the mission today, at least the first day of it, with real-time planning."

The astronauts ran into trouble Tuesday, two hours after Discovery was launched spectacularly through a break in a large storm system that dumped heavy rain on the spaceport before and after liftoff.

# Discovery goes up despite weather

UFOs vs NASA (Space)

By HARRY F. ROSENTHAL
Associated Press

CAPE CANAVERAL -- Discovery's astronauts were launched Tuesday through the worst weather of the space shuttle program, then had to rush the release of an Australian satellite to keep it from broiling in the sun.

The astronauts also deployed a second satellite, the first such doubleheader in the shuttle program, and Mission Control praised them for setting "a new world's record."

"Fantastic. We all breathed a sigh of relief down here," Mission Control said after the Aussat satellite was deployed over the equator a day ahead of schedule. The job had to be done quickly because a sunshield would not close properly.

Later, a rocket motor fired to send the $60 million satellite toward a duty station 22,300 miles high. From there it will handle television and telephone service for the Australian continent and ease what an Aussat official called "the tyranny of distance."

Tracking data showed the rocket firing went perfectly.

"Aussat is halfway to geosynch (its proper orbit) and so far the system is in excellent health," Mission Control announced. "That's outstanding. That's good news," said astronaut John "Mike" Lounge.

Whether the satellite's antenna was damaged by the sunshield won't be known for about 10 days when the first electronic tests begin.

Less than five hours after the Aussat deployment, and one orbit later than originally scheduled, the astronauts released a satellite owned by American Satellite Co. The firm, which provides communications for 450 of the nation's largest business and government agencies, said it has nearly $100 million invested in the satellite project.

The ASC satellite also had a successful "burn" en route to its outpost.

In the sunshield operation, Lounge had trouble with the shuttle arm, which will become vital Sunday when astronauts James van Hoften and Bill Fisher try to retrieve a dead satellite from orbit to rewire it.

The 50-foot device, which has joint motions similar to those of the human shoulder, arm and hand, would not respond to computer commands in its "elbow." As a result, Lounge had to control each of its six motions separately by throwing switches.

Flight director Bill Reeves said that will make Lounge's task on Sunday much more time consuming and might force a second day's spacewalk to complete the satellite rescue.

The Australian payload, one of three satellites carried aloft in Discovery's cargo bay, had been scheduled for launch Wednesday but the damaged sunshield changed the flight plan.

The frame-and-fabric device was supposed to close like a clamshell over the satellite in the cargo bay until deployment time, but it hung up in the halfway position as it was opened for a satellite health check. Lounge then guided the ship's 50-foot robot arm to push it out of the way, leaving the satellite exposed.

"Mike's got it open," commander Joe Engle informed Mission Control.

"The Aussat satellite would have considerable difficulty in the cargo bay unprotected by a sunshield from the cold of deep space or from direct solar radiation," said Mission Control's Brian Welch. "The satellite has a very limited lifetime in the bay, perhaps only a few more orbits and at that point it would have serious problems."

Once in orbit, satellites rotate constantly like meat on a barbecue spit, preventing any portion from overheating or getting too cold.

After back-to-back scrubs Saturday and Sunday, tense launch officials gambled on a break in the clouds and sent Discovery on its eight-day mission with a spectacular liftoff that colored the clouds red, white and orange. Soon after the liftoff, the pad was obscured by a torrential downpour.

The sunshield frame may have been bent out of shape by being hit with a television camera on the shuttle arm elbow. Flight director Gary Coen said the cause had not been determined and he did not know if a crew member had been at fault.

The Aussat satellite is the first of three intended to provide communications to Australia, its offshore islands and Papua New Guinea.

Heavy rain pelted the launch pad before and just after liftoff of a flight in which space-walking astronauts will try Sunday to "hot-wire" a derelict $85 million Syncom satellite stuck in a uselessly low orbit.


=== Page 12 of 31

# Mexico leader reassures kin of missing

U.S. Sun Attack Frid. 9/20/85

MEXICO CITY (UPI) -- The official death toll in Mexico's two killer earthquakes climbed past 5,200 Sunday. President Miguel de la Madrid promised relatives of missing victims that searches will continue until "there are no signs of life."

Meanwhile, U.S. Embassy officials said they believe that 24 missing Americans died in hotels that collapsed in the quakes Sept. 19-20. "Frankly, we may never find their bodies," an embassy spokesman told UPI.

De la Madrid said earlier he soon would announce a reconstruction program expected to include a plan for moving factories and offices out of the heavily congested Mexico City area, where more than 17 million people live.

He met Saturday night with his Cabinet to discuss the program, but no details were available.

Julio A. Millan, a leader of the Industrial Chamber of Commerce, said that earthquake damages had been estimated at $5 billion and that foreign financing would be needed to supplement domestic spending to rebuild the city.

He told the Excelsior newspaper that Mexico would have to work out new terms on its $98 billion foreign debt, the second-highest in the developing world.

Many relatives and volunteer workers expressed anger and concern Friday when the army began using heavy equipment to remove large blocks of rubble from the ruins of the 12-story Juarez Hospital, where 1,200 patients and employees were trapped by the first quake.

When de la Madrid, dressed in casual clothes, appeared at the site Sunday, thousands of people crowded around him.

"Give us effective help. We have been victims of deceit. We want the truth about our families," one person shouted to the president, who has been visiting disaster spots.

"I promise you we are not going to dynamite until we are sure there are no signs of life," de la Madrid told the crowd. "We cannot advance further just using our hands. We must use heavy equipment, but prudently."

# Officials won't even try to guess Gloria's harm

U.S. Sun Attack Frid 9/30/85

Associated Press

The East Coast continued to clean up Sunday from Hurricane Gloria's fury and most government and utility officials said they still had no estimate of the storm's damage, although some early loss figures exceeded $47 million.

Seven more deaths were attributed to Gloria, bringing to 16 the number of people believed killed as a result of Friday's storm.

About 1 million utility customers remained without power Sunday in New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Maine and North Carolina.

In Connecticut, Gov. William O'Neill notified the White House he would seek federal emergency money, but declined to give an estimate of the damage before state and federal officials tour the state today.

About 318,000 customers in Connecticut were without electricity Sunday afternoon, and officials said they were concerned about water shortages and food spoilages.

"Nobody is counting the cost at this stage," said Emmanuel Forde, spokesman for Connecticut's Northeast Utilities, which had 60 percent of its 21,000 miles of lines downed or damaged. The company earlier said its damage could exceed $20 million.

In New York, where thousands of utility linemen worked to turn power back on for 400,000 customers on Long Island, a damage estimate was not expected until mid-week.

In Maryland, the Army Corps of Engineers estimated about $6 million damage to Ocean City, a vulnerable barrier island and the state's resort capital.

In New Jersey, officials in three coastal counties estimated hurricane damage would amount to at least $8.5 million.

Civil defense officials in Massachusetts and New Hampshire said they would have no damage figures until today at the earliest.

Massachusetts agriculture officials estimated that $5 million to $7 million of the state's $25 million annual apple crop was damaged, as well as half the state's $800,000 corn crop and 30 percent of its $3 million silage corn crop.

There was no official damage figure in Rhode Island, where early estimates predicted a toll between $2.6 million and $4 million.


=== Page 13 of 31

UFOs Sun Attack Trib 9/4/85

# Mexico hailstorm leaves foot of ice

MEXICO CITY -- A heavy hailstorm battered the center of the Mexican capital Monday evening and police said the weight of the ice knocked down 25 old buildings, killing one person and injuring some 185.

A National Weather Service report, describing the storm as one of the worst in half a century, said it pelted the downtown area and adjacent districts for more than an hour.

The freak storm left the streets covered with more than a foot of ice, damaged parked automobiles, knocked out power and causing citywide traffic snarls.

# World water shortage looms

WASHINGTON -- The loss of irrigation water before it reaches crops and water waste by manufacturers and households threatens shortages that could limit food production and economic growth, the Worldwatch Institute said Saturday.

"Collectively, these factors -- pervasive depletion and overuse of water supplies, the high capital cost of new large water projects, rising pumping costs and worsening ecological damage -- call for a shift in the way water is valued, used and managed," said the study by the environmental research group.

UFO signal to me - of Quake Shakes Owens Valley In California Calif. disaster quake? 8/16/85

# Quake Shakes Owens Valley In California

OLANCHA, Calif. (AP) -- A moderate earthquake shook the Owens Valley on Thursday night, but there were no reports of injuries or damage.

The quake's epicenter was about 15 miles east of Olancha, a community of about 100 people about 150 miles north of Los Angeles, said Russ Needham, a spokesman for the National Earthquake Information Center in Golden, Colo.

UFO Sun Attack Trib 9/30/85

# Italy suffering from lack of rain

ROME -- Cities that haven't had rain in months are turning off fountains, Florence could run dry in days and the grape harvest could suffer from a drought that has driven some places to water rationing.

However, the drought has gripped Italy unevenly, with some cities such as Rome largely escaping its effects because of adequate reservoir levels.

Three months without much more than a drop has forced government officials to draw up an emergency plan to bring water from other areas to Florence, which they say has enough water in its reservoir for only a few more days.

UFOs Sun Attack

# Where Hurricane Elena did the most damage

APALACHICOLA: Elena chewed up roads and docks and buried oyster beds, alarming local fishermen. Along with Cedar Key, this area was the most damaged in the state.

CEDAR KEY: The town had some of the state's worst damage. Homes, restaurants and hotels were severely hurt and three-fourths of the town's pier was destroyed.

ESCAMBIA: Road damage is estimated at $1.6 million. Losses to private property not yet known.

PASCO: Tornadoes caused destruction to inland areas while wind and water damaged homes along the coast. The Withlacoochee is expected to flood Saturday from runoff.

PINELLAS: Elena destroyed at least eight homes and caused major damage to 130 others along the beaches. Some 740 homes suffered minor damage. A 2-mile swath south of Clearwater on Indian Rocks Beach was hit hardest.

HILLSBOROUGH: Parts of Davis Islands, Bayshore Boulevard and other low-lying areas took the brunt of the storm. Damage to city-owned facilities is estimated at up to $5 million.

Source: Tribune staff and wires 9/4/85 Tribune graphic by WARREN HUSKEY


=== Page 14 of 31

UFDe Sun Attack
Trib. 10/8/85

# Water Woes Ahead

"Water could supplant oil as the problem commodity of the late 1980s and 1990s. ..."

So wrote Rhonda L. Rundle in a recent Wall Street Journal "Heard on the Street" column.

The point is well taken. New York City was in the grip of a severe water shortage all summer. Numerous restrictions have been ordered to conserve what precious supplies are available, but the problem extends beyond depleted reservoirs.

New York, together with other Northeastern cities, has an antiquated distribution system that is badly in need of overhaul. Many cities in both the Northeast and Midwest face serious water-pollution problems.

Parts of Florida, including the Tampa Bay area, spent most of the summer under restricted water use, until Hurricane Elena ended what remained of a long drought.

Florida's water woes, alleviated for the moment, have not been eliminated by any means.

There will be other dry winters, followed by dry springs and summer shortages. It will be necessary to deal with these by tapping water now lost to the Gulf of Mexico in Northern Florida, processing brackish or salt water to produce fresh water, or recycling effluent from sewage-treatment plants.

Whatever the solutions to water shortages, they will be expensive in New York City and Central Florida.

Financial analysts are forecasting that billions of dollars will be spent by municipalities and state governments to assure adequate supplies of irrigation and drinking water. This is causing a minor boom in stocks of companies that deal in the technology of curtailing water demand, improving its quality or distributing it more efficiently.

Unlike oil, there is no substitute for water. Those investors betting that governments and consumers are going to be paying more for water in the future may be right on target.

Yes indeed. Water could very well supplant oil as the problem commodity of the future.


=== Page 15 of 31

Mississippi declared disaster by president
UFO= Sun Attack FFil a/5/85 found for the occupants.
GULFPORT, Miss. (UPI) President Reagan declared the Mis- sissippi coast ravaged by Hurricane Elena a disaster area Wednesday, making the thousands of people who lost homes and businesses in the 125- mph storm eligible for federal aid.
The relief effort will be coordi- nated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, which re- ported the Labor Day storm dam- aged or destroyed 3,790 dwellings and 1,400 businesses in the three counties along Mississippi's 80-mile Gulf Coast.
FEMA said 3,000 homes were damaged so severely they are unliv- able and temporary housing must be
Paul E. Hall of FEMA's Atlanta office, who will head the relief ef- fort, said homeowners may borrow up to $100,000 for structural repairs and up to $20,000 for personal prop- erty.
The Small Business Administra- tion will authorize loans up to $500,000 for businesses damaged or destroyed in the storm. The interest rates on loans will be 4 percent or 8 percent, depending on the borrow- er's credit rating.
FEMA said "millions of dollars" in federal assistance would be avail- able to the hurricane-ravaged coast, but said official estimates of Elena's
damage were not yet available.
Richard Glazier, public informa- tion officer for the Harrison County Civil Defense, indicated the overall damage in Mississippi, Florida, Ala- bama and Louisiana could exceed the $2 billion total of Hurricane Frederic in 1979.
"The damage itself (from Elena) is less than in Frederic, but the dol- lar amount is greater because of inflation," Glazier said.
Federal officials said an overall damage total should be known soon, but Glazier said preliminary esti- mates place Mississippi's damage at more than a half-billion dollars.
Jerry Melvin, executive vice president of the Greater Fort Walton Beach (Fla.) Chamber of Com- merce, said the hurricane cost $16.4 million in lost tourist dollars for the Panhandle counties of Escambia, Santa Rosa, Okaloosa, Walton and Bay.
1/FOR Sim Attack Alabama Delared Disaster Area By Preisident 0.53 9/5/85
WASHINGTON (AP) L President Reagan declared -- Alabama a major disaster area Saturday, permitting the use of federal funds for relief and recovery efforts stemming from the damage caused by Hurricane Elena.
The president's action, announced by the White House, means that federal assistance from the president's disaster relief fund will be available for inidividual or family grants, as well as temporary housing for disaster victims.
Disaster loans from the Small Business Administration and emergency loans from the Farmers Home Administration will also be available, the White House statement said.
Local governments will receive assistance for damaged public facilities under the president's action, the announcement said.
Dragomán June1, 1979
Muzorewa takes helm of Zimbabwe Rhodesia
By SERGE SCHMEMANN
SALISBURY, Zimbabwe Rhodesia (AP) - Prime Minister Abel Muzorewa ushered in the new state of Zimbabwe Rhodesia at the stroke of midnight Thursday, declaring it "the victorious minute we have struggled for and wait- ed for over 88 years of colonial domina- tion and subjugation."
The brief radio and television ad- dress by the country's first black prime minister, along with a government ga- zette proclamation, were the only offi- cial acts marking the inception of the new state - which was saddled from birth with international isolation, es- calating civil war and factional rival- ries.
"This is Friday, June 1, 1979, this is the day the Lord has made, let us rejoice and be grateful and be extremely glad, began Muzorewa, a 54-year-old bishop of the United Methodist Church.
He promised "sober and decent lead- ership" and fervently appealed for na- tional unity:
"I ask you to devote all your physi- cal, mental and spiritual energies to achieve . . . in this wonderful land of
ours a oneness which will be the envy of the whole world."
The gazette proclamation ended the 15-year white-minority administration of Prime Minister Ian Smith and offi- cially transferred government powers to Muzorewa and his Cabinet of 11 blacks and five whites. The new minis- ters will be sworn in Friday, with Smith becoming a minister without portfolio.
But in the last hours before the transfer, informed sources said nation- alist guerrillas had been warning blacks in rural villages and towns to stay in- doors.
'In Salisbury, the rift between Mu- zorewa and his former partner in the 14-month transitional government, the Rev. Ndabaningi Sithole, widened with police detentions of at least 11 officials of Sithole's Zimbabwe African National Union.
Sithole has charged that April's par- liamentary elections were rigged and he is boycotting the new government. He made the allegations after his party was overwhelmed by Muzorewa's United African National Council.


=== Page 16 of 31

Kenneth Englade

# Biggest Rhodesian Battle Shaping Up

① Send to Jeffrey - ② (Dear in next life, confronts mountain lion...)

Feb. 26, 1978

SALISBURY, Rhodesia -- The biggest battle of the 12-year-old Rhodesian war is shaping up, and it promises to be as vicious and uncompromising as any that has been fought in this southern African country.

In the bush, it's Prime Minister Ian Smith's white-led forces against black guerrillas sweeping in from neighboring Zambia and Mozambique. But the forthcoming battle will be between the country's 90,000 or so white voters. And it's going to be deadly.

Consider the mood in this outwardly peaceful, flower-decked capital.

* The war. The usual rainy season increase notwithstanding, the fighting is steadily intensifying and January was one of the bloodiest months on record. Guerrillas attacked in the Salisbury suburbs, ambushing one white family in the driveway of their home. In one week-long span the guerrillas killed eight whites within an hour's drive of downtown Salisbury.

* The government. Possibly as a result of the increased fighting, or fearful of its effects on white morale, the government passed two new censorship laws tightening restrictions on the press to such an extent that almost everything now has to be cleared through military censors.

* The tension. After the attacks on the Salisbury outskirts, weapons sales climbed dramatically. People living on the city's edges talked about moving closer into town. Farmers in a previously "safe" area began erecting eight-foot-high chainlink fences around their homes. Bomb scares have forced scattered evacuations of large sections of the downtown area.

* The politicians. Prime Minister Ian Smith, undoubtedly under tremendous pressure, lost his temper with newsmen at a televised news conference. A newspaper called it "his worst radio and television broadcast." Bishop Abel Muzorewa, one of the black nationalists negotiating with Smith, walked out of a meeting after claiming Smith's deputy called him a liar.

* The pressure. The British, after saying for many months they would not recognize a settlement worked out without the leaders of the guerrilla armies -- Joshua Nkomo and Robert Mugabe -- reluctantly admitted they might take a look at a new majority rule constitution drawn up by Smith and nationalists living within Rhodesia.

But one has to be drawn up first. And it has to be approved by the country's white voters in what is building up as the conclusive battle of Rhodesia.

The closer Smith gets to a settlement, the more restive the rightwing whites become. Represented almost exclusively by the Rhodesian Action Party (RAP) -- a breakaway force from Smith's ruling Rhodesian Front (RF) Party -- the conservatives have found some able spokesmen, and perhaps some willing listeners.

In the last few days more than 900 persons have turned out for RAP gatherings in opposite ends of the California-sized country. That's a pretty good showing considering the small number of whites in Rhodesia. It is especially good when one considers the RAP was not able to win a single seat in last August's parliamentary elections.

The concern now -- as opposed to last summer -- is an impending internal settlement designed to end the five-year-old guerrilla war. The country's conservative whites, however, apparently fear a settlement worked out by Smith is going to sell them down the river.

Since Smith has already promised whites he would submit any proposed constitution to a popular vote before it becomes effective, a strong enough drive by RAP could wreck months of work by the negotiators.

Experts figure Smith will need to get 80 percent approval by the voters before he can count it a victory. And RAP is already making tentative jabs to see that Smith's effort fails.

Ted Sutton-Pryce, one of the most accomplished RAP spokesmen, told an eager audience: "There is still the will to survive in Rhodesia... no one has us on the ground and is going to kick us around... the survival of the white community is at stake... it is a question of survival against Marxist pressure to kick us out."
PK Power

Sutton-Pryce also debunked Smith's much vaunted attempt to ensure "safeguards" for whites after a black takeover. "There are no recognized safeguards for minority groups. This is... a fact of life. The RF has committed us to majority rule. This is a disaster looking for a place to happen."
True!!

*The writer is a former United Press International bureau chief in Albuquerque and is now a free lance writer in Rhodesia.*


=== Page 17 of 31

March 9, 1978

# South Africa Has Largest White Exodus Since '60

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa (UPI) -- South Africa last year suffered its biggest white exodus since 1960 and only its second since World War II and the figures would have been greater had not thousands of whites entered the country from neighboring Rhodesia.

Figures released by the Department of Statistics showed that 26,000 whites left South Africa last year and 24,822 came to settle.

The net loss of 1,178 white emigrants during 1977 was kept relatively low by 8,077 whites fleeing political and economic uncertainty and the guerrilla war in neighboring white-ruled Rhodesia.

The 1977 statistics show a dramatic reversal over the previous two years and according to political analysts is symptomatic of South Africa's political situation.

The analysts noted the continuing unrest in the black townships, increasing pressure from western nations for meaningful changes for the black majority and the government's failure to respond.

They said another factor contributing to the exodus were the persistent warnings from opposition politicians and black leaders of future disaster if the government did not change its policies towards the blacks.

Statistics show that in 1975 South Africa had a net gain of 40,209 white immigrants and in 1976 there was a net gain of 30,598.

Last year's net loss was the second negative migration figure since 1945: in 1960, 9,805 whites came to settle but 12,705 left the country -- a net loss of 2,906.

It was the greatest white exodus since 1960 -- the year when bloody antigovernment demonstrations in black townships such as Sharpville and political developments at the time sent thousands of whites out of the country.

Alf Widman, opposition progressive Federal Party parliamentary spokesman on immigration, described the 1977 figures as "staggering."

"South Africa cannot afford a population loss of this magnitude," he said.

# Cold Canadian air causes record temperatures in 33 U.S. cities

Tribune Staff and Wires

10 / 2 / 85

Cold Canadian air chilled the Plains and Rockies Tuesday with temperatures in the 20s and 30s, setting records in 33 cities from North Dakota to Texas while 8 inches of snow blanketed Poplar Lake, Minn.

High pressure systems over southwest Montana and southeast Kansas brought the unseasonably cold, early morning temperatures to the Plains, breaking records in 11 states. Readings were in the 40s as far south as southeast Texas.

"It's cold Canadian air pouring down into the central part of the nation," said Paul Fike, a National Weather Service meteorologist in Kansas City, Mo. "It will start to make a little push to the east" tonight.

Frost or freeze warnings were posted for Tuesday night in parts of Wisconsin and eastern Missouri and frost warnings were posted for all of Illinois and Indiana, Fike said. The temperatures dropped to 19 degrees in Bismark, N.D., breaking the 1936 record of 20. It was 42 in Abilene, Texas, 1 degree below the 1906 record.

Readings of 23 in Cheyenne, Wyo., and 22 in North Platte, Neb., tied record lows that had stood for more than a century.

In the Tampa Bay area, residents can expect partly cloudy skies today and Thursday with high temperatures near 80 and lows in the lower 70s, according to the National Weather Service in Ruskin.

There is a 30 percent chance of afternoon and evening thundershowers both days, forecasters say.

Heavy snow fell overnight in extreme northeast Minnesota. Up to 8 inches of snow covered Poplar Lake, Minn., making roads slippery. An inch of snow was reported at International Falls.

Showers and thunderstorms were scattered Tuesday over the Southeast where very little precipitation fell in September.

A half-inch of rain fell Tuesday in Beckley, W.V., which recorded its driest September in this century.

Rain was moving toward Raleigh, N.C., and Lynchburg, Va., which had their second driest Septembers ever. Greensboro, N.C., reported only a trace of precipitation last month, making it the driest month on record, the weather service said.

# Hailstorm kills 20 in Brazil

10 / 3 / 85

ITABIRINHA, Brazil -- Rescuers hacked through ice slabs Wednesday searching for victims of a freak hailstorm that killed at least 20 people and left the streets covered in foot-deep sheets of ice.

The storm Monday afternoon lasted only 15 minutes but damaged over 2,000 houses. Almost 4,000 people in the town of 10,000 were left homeless.

Communication with the town of Itabirinha, 300 miles north of Rio de Janeiro, were severed, and news of the deaths emerged slowly.

"So far we have 20 confirmed dead -- two from direct hail blows on the head," Dr. Nilson de Oliveira said. Other victims were frozen, drowned or crushed under ice, falling masonry or collapsing earth banks.


=== Page 18 of 31

THE ONLY STRESS showing in this statement is Burt's anger, says voice expert Charles McQuiston.

Truth Detector Reveals: Nat'l Enquirer 9/10/85

# Burt Reynolds Telling the Truth When He Denies Having AIDS

Burt Reynolds told the truth when he declared "I'm not suffering from AIDS" in a TV interview.

That's the conclusion of Charles R. McQuiston, who used the truth-detecting Psychological Stress Evaluator (PSE) to analyze Burt's answers to probing questions from Rona Barrett on "Entertainment Tonight" August 16.

The PSE is so remarkably accurate that it's been used by more than 300 law enforcement agencies and has been accepted by courts in many states.

Rumors that Burt is suffering from AIDS or possibly cancer have been spreading like wildfire ever since the actor's much-publicized health problems forced him to drop out of a big movie project recently.

Here are Burt's answers, followed by the professional analysis of McQuiston, a former U.S. intelligence officer and coinventor of the PSE, which detects deception by charting stress patterns in a person's voice.

Burt: "No, I'm not suffering from AIDS ... No, I'm not suffering from cancer."

McQuiston: "He is telling the truth. And the patterns on the charts distinctly show that he's also feeling anger."

Barrett asked Burt what his real physical problem was.

Burt: "It's what's called ... temporomandibular joint problem ... I got hit (by) a chair doin' a fight scene, and ... it just moved my bite around ... I couldn't eat."

McQuiston: "He is making a statement that is irrefutable."

During the interview, Burt explained why he thinks the AIDS rumor has persisted.

Burt: "Somebody, someone, someplace is bound and determined to nail me."

McQuiston: "He says this with much emphasis. It's clear on the analysis charts that he really believes this to be true."

-- MARIAN MILLER

BURT REYNOLDS "Someone, someone, someplace is determined to nail me."

Trib 8/18/85
Italian residents report UFO

Florence, Italy -- Residents in central and northern Italy reported seeing a bright-colored unidentified flying object early Saturday.

In the area of Pavia, 18 miles south of Milan, residents in scattered districts reported seeing a circular object emanating an intense green and orange light shortly after midnight.

Trib, 10/8/85
Killer asks for new trial

RICHMOND, Va. -- Lawyers for Jeffrey MacDonald pressed a federal appeals court Monday to order a new trial for the former Green Beret doctor serving life for the 1970 murders of his pregnant wife and two young daughters. A ruling is not expected for several months.

Defense lawyer Bryan O'Neill told the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that new evidence -- including statements by 35 witnesses -- supported MacDonald's claim of innocence.

The fatal stabbings of Colette MacDonald, 26, and her two daughters inspired Joe McGinniss' best-selling book, "Fatal Vision."


=== Page 19 of 31

12-A THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Wednesday, August 14, 1985

Newsmakers T. Bay Bandits PK

Reynolds' agent challenges rumors

LOS ANGELES -- Burt Reynolds' agent, angry over rumors that the star has been hospitalized in San Francisco with AIDS, says he will pay $100,000 to anyone who can prove Reynolds has been in the city by the bay within the past two years.

"The man is here working day after day," David Gershenson said Monday. "He's in public all the time. This is ridiculous. He's here looking and feeling fine."

He said Reynolds is preparing to direct an episode of Steven Spielberg's television series, "Amazing Stories."

San Francisco General Hospital has received a number of calls asking about Reynolds, "but he's not here," said a hospital spokeswoman.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is an affliction in which the body's immune system becomes unable to resist disease. It is most likely to strike homosexuals, abusers of injectable drugs and hemophiliacs.

Movie and TV star Rock Hudson has AIDS and is hospitalized in Los Angeles.

Reynolds does not have AIDS, his agent says.

Tampa Bay Bandits 3 owners:

Arky, Reynolds, Bassett.

Arky blew his brains out.

Bassett suddenly developed inoperable brain tumors.

Reynolds is very ill with a "mysterious" ailment.

Owens


=== Page 20 of 31

9/4/85
Sun Bank cashier said computers had gone they were today all other Ocala (other banks, etc.) Could have been caused by my anger over life hacks of Star Banner re Elena / Have never removed the fee - force attack on the solar - could be expanding.

Star Banner PK
Broken Presses Change Star-Banner's Format
O.SB 8/19/85
The configuration of sections in the Ocala Star-Banner have not been normal for the past two days because of a broken gear in the press folder.
The paper has been printed in two sections rather than the usual four or more sections because of the mishap. The Star-Banner has been assured the gear will be repaired Monday.
Readers are urged to be patient until normal operations can resume.

Storms Flip Planes In Detroit; Winds Thrash Kansas
By The Associated Press
UFO Sun Attack
08/19/85
Heavy thunderstorms whipped up 70 mph winds in Kansas after others smashed trailer parks, killing one man and tossing another 100 feet, flipped planes and turned out lights for 50,000 homes in Michigan as the remains of Danny drenched the mid-Atlantic Coast.
The last remnants of Danny, which did minor damage as a hurricane in Louisiana before spawning tornadoes in Alabama and South Carolina and flooding parts of Virginia and North Carolina, was expected to move offshore today.
As Danny moved toward the coast Sunday, it continued to soak parts of North Carolina, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia. More than 5 1/2 inches of rain fell on Richmond, Va., on Sunday, the National Weather Service said.
Earlier Sunday, thunderstorm winds estimated at 60 to 70 mph buffeted Lakin, Kan., knocking down power lines and road signs and blowing the roof off a trailer. The towns of Ford, Greensburg, Kinsey and Pratt also were hit.
Thunderstorms whirling 51 mph gusts "flipped over a couple of airplanes that weren't tied down right" on Sunday at Detroit City Airport, a spokesman said. An estimated 50,000 homes were without electricity in southeastern lower Michigan. Utility officials said the last 6,000 would be in service today.
Meanwhile, emergency officials in Alabama walked along the multimillion-dollar trail of destruction left by 24 tornadoes spawned by Danny, and tornado victims returned to their shattered homes in Spartanburg, S.C.
On Saturday, a 55-year-old man was killed when winds that destroyed 13 mobile homes and damaged 30 others smashed his trailer near Emporia, Kan., said Lyon County sheriff's Deputy Ron Petersen.

Estimates Rise To $210 Million; Some Homes Still Without Power
By The Associated Press
O.SB 10/3/85
Damage estimates climbed to more than $210 million in states struck last week by Hurricane Gloria as a quarter of a million homes and businesses remained without power today for a sixth day.
State officials in New York were preparing Wednesday to ship 500,000 pounds of dry ice to between 150,000 and 165,000 customers estimated to be without power on Long Island, Gov. Mario Cuomo said.
Emergency agencies already had provided 5,000 batteries to Suffolk County for flashlights and radios, Cuomo said. The governor estimated that damage on Long Island, where Gloria made landfall Friday, would exceed $100,000.
New York City dispatched about 50 city workers to aid in the cleanup effort in Suffolk County. The state planned to send 15 six-person crews.
Elected officials criticized Long Island Lighting Co. board chairman William J. Catacosinos, who was vacationing in Europe during the hurricane and was not expected back at work until today.
Catacosinos was scheduled to tour LILCO facilities during the afternoon to thank some of the more than 4,000 workers who have been struggling to repair utility lines and to thank customers for cooperation during the emergency.
About 45,000 Long Island customers had no phone service Wednesday, said New York Telephone Co. spokesman John Quinn.
In Massachusetts, utility officials were coming under fire from local officials.
Brockton City Councilor Louis F. Angelo and two other city councilors planned to lead a march today at the local office of Eastern Edison Co., the utility with the most Massachusetts customers still without lights.
Work crews cut the total still in the dark to 13,500 late Wednesday, down from the 450,000 without power after Gloria struck.
"We are hoping to have by tomorrow evening practically all our customers back," utility president Alan K. Hamer said Wednesday night. He said the utility had imported from other states 80 of the 109 crews working.


=== Page 21 of 31

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Wednesday, October 2, 1985 3-A

# Most Northeast utilities uninsured for damage inflicted by hurricane

UFOs Sun Attack

By FRED BAYLES
Associated Press

NEW YORK -- When Hurricane Gloria came roaring up on the Northeast last week, knocking down power and phone lines, most of the region's utilities were not insured for damage that may run as high as $70 million.

The decision by many insurance companies to stop selling storm insurance, or to charge hefty rate increases, left utilities and their customers holding the bills for damage from once-in-a-decade hurricanes to seasonal ice storms.

Long Island Lighting Co. and Northeast Utilities, New England's largest electric company, recently lost their "transmission and distribution facility disaster insurance," which covers labor, materials, transporation and other expenses necessary to restore power systems lost to storm damage.

Both utilities were hit hard by Gloria, which cut off service to hundreds of thousands of customers.

Emmanuel Forde, a spokesman for Northeast Utilities, said a consortium of insurers, headed by Lloyd's of London, canceled the coverage on July 1. The utility subsequently tried to buy coverage from 17 other insurance companies. All the firms turned down Northeast's bid.

The Hartford, Conn.-based company, which had been insured up to $10 million for storm repairs, is stuck for a repair bill that may exceed $20 million. Customers may share that cost, through higher rates.

"The state regulators will look into it to determine who will pay," said Forde.

Carol Clawson, a spokeswoman for Long Island Lighting, said the utility's entire system would have to be rebuilt in the wake of Gloria. "We have suffered more damage than any storm in our history," she said. State officials and analysts have put the cost at $25 million to $30 million.

Clawson said the utility recently lost its storm damage insurance after years of relying on insurance to cover the cost of winter ice storms and occasional hurricanes.

"When all power is restored we will assess the cost and make a determination on how the bills will be paid," she said.

Other utilities in Massachusetts and Rhode Island also reported they had no insurance.

Mary Wallan, a spokeswoman for Boston Edison Co., said the company's 600,000 customers in the Boston area will eventually pick up the $6 million plus tab for Hurricane Gloria.

Wallan said the utility dropped its insurance coverage because of its high cost.

Southern New England Telephone, still trying to restore service to 7,900 customers in Connecticut on Tuesday, had insurance coverage on its transmission equipment. Spokesman Mike McCann said it was unlikely the utility would collect on the policy that carries a $5 million deductible.

McCann said customers would not be billed for the damages.

The decision by insurance companies to drop storm coverage or raise premiums and deductable limits follows a trend that has seen the industry become more selective, and expensive, about who it is willing to insure.

Over the past year, insurance companies have raised rates or dropped coverage to customers ranging from nursing homes to municipalities to chemical companies, all in an attempt to cut losses.

Warren Levy, a spokesman with the Insurance Information Institute, a trade association based in New York, said the industry suffered a $3.8 billion loss last year in casualty insurance, partially due to large claims.

"Some utilities, if not all utilities, will have millions of dollars of losses in a given year," he said. "For the insurance companies it's not a question of whether you will pay out on a claim, but how much you will pay.

"This turns out to be not much of a bargain for the insurance industry," Levy said.

Susan Roth, a spokeswoman with the Edison Electric Institute, said many utilities have dropped the increasingly expensive storm coverage.

"It's just a matter of analyzing how much it's going to cost you and what the risk is going to be," she said.

Some companies have responded to the high costs and high deductables by providing their own insurance. Commonwealth Electricity, which serves southeastern Massachusetts, now puts aside money for storm repairs -- in effect, insuring itself.


=== Page 22 of 31

Delta pilots not warned of weather

Delta Flight 191 crashed while trying to land in Dallas, killing 136 people.

By H. JOSEF HEBERT
Associated Press

WASHINGTON -- In the minutes before Delta Flight 191 crashed while trying to land at the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, a thunderstorm was clearly apparent and a pilot who had just landed noticed what he thought was a tornado along the approach.

But National Transportation Safety Board documents indicated Monday the pilot of Flight 191 never was warned of the storm's severity. Less than 10 minutes before the crash he was told by air traffic controllers that there was "only a little rain" north of the airport.

Investigators have speculated that the Aug. 2 crash, which killed 136 people, was caused by wind shear, a severe change of wind direction that literally forced the Lockheed L-1011 jumbo jet into the ground as it was about to land.

A transcript of exchanges in the cockpit just before the crash supported the wind-shear theory because the crew could be heard struggling to increase power amid the backdrop of engines revving to maximum power.

This was followed by a sound similar to a landing and someone saying, "Oh ..." and what the NTSB called a non-printable word. Almost immediately there was the sound of a second impact and silence.

The flight, from Fort Lauderdale, Fla., was bound for Los Angeles with an interim stop at Dallas when it encountered heavy rain, lightning and treacherous winds short of the runway. The plane first touched down in a field, bounced across a highway where it struck a car and crashed into water tanks before bursting into flames.

According to the transcript from the cockpit voice recorder, the crew was concerned during the approach

Crash

From Page 1A

about severe weather in the area. Several times they criticized air traffic controllers for directing them too close to a severe weather cell.

"We're going to get our airplane washed," Price, a 15-year veteran with Delta, remarked. A short time later, about 90 seconds before the crash, he observed lightning, "right ahead of us" as the plane continued its descent.

"You get good legs, don't ya," quipped the flight engineer, referring to the co-pilot and pilot switching off flying duties on different legs of the trip. The co-pilot was at the controls.

As they spoke, another Delta crew, its plane taxiing away from the runway after having landed, already had noticed the severe weather along the approach path.

"Is that a waterspout out there on the end (of the runway)?" the pilot of the Boeing 737 remarked.

"I don't know. Sure looks like it. doesn't it? Looks like a tornado or something," the co-pilot replied.

"Like it," the co-pilot replied.

About 2 1/2 minutes later, the two Delta crew members, neither of whom was identified, saw the fireball beyond the runway where Flight 191 had crashed.

According to sources close to the investigation, there is no indication that the sighting of a possible tornado on the approach was ever relayed to the control tower or on Flight 191.

While lightning was seen from the airport tower and at least 20 pilots saw the severe weather developing to the north end of the airport runway before Flight 191's arrival, "this observation was not disseminated to any flights on tower frequency," the NTSB documents said.

A recorded weather advisory for "incoming aircraft did not refer to thunderstorm and heavy rain showers" until 25 minutes after the plane crashed, according to an NTSB summary.

See CRASH, Page 4A


=== Page 23 of 31

OCALA
STAR-BANNER
P.O. Box 490, Ocala, Florida 32670

Affiliated with
Gainesville (Fla.) Sun
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Avon Park (Fla.) Sun
Marco Island (Fla.) Eagle
Lexington (N.C.) Dispatch
Hendersonville (N.C.) Times-News
Wilmington (N.C.) Star-News

Sept. 5, 1985

Dear Mr. Owens:

This is to advise you that we do not have a Jim Michaels working on our staff. No one with that name has ever worked for us, nor do I know anyone with that name.

Sincerely,
Bernard Watts
Bernard Watts
Editor

Asst Sup
Marcos

Ken Viannello
Frederick Smiley

1:15 PM call
9/11/85
Jim Michaels
O.S.B.

NYT
A New York Times Company


=== Page 24 of 31

THE TAMPA TRIBUNE, Saturday, October 5, 1985

# Quake shakes Tokyo buildings

UFOs Sun Attack

TOKYO (UPI) -- The strongest earthquake to strike Tokyo in more than half a century Friday swayed skyscrapers and stranded thousands of commuters in subways and trains. At least 16 people were injured, authorities said.

Japan's Meteorological Agency said the quake, measuring 6.2 on the Richter scale, shook central and northern Japan at 9:26 p.m. for between 20 and 30 seconds. There were no reports of damage.

The agency said there was no danger of a tidal wave from the temblor, the strongest earthquake to hit Tokyo since July 27, 1929.

The Tokyo Fire Department said at least 14 people suffered minor injuries in the capital, including a 79-year-old woman who fell out of her bed and broke her wrist and a 7-year-old girl who was slightly hurt when a camera fell on her.

In Tokyo's neighboring Chiba prefecture, police said two people were slightly injured. A police spokesman said one woman was trapped in an elevator for more than an hour before fire department officials rescued her. She was unharmed.

The epicenter of the quake was located about 50 miles underground, on the border of Chiba and Ibaragi prefectures surrounding Tokyo, the meteorological agency said.

The earthquake caused buildings and electricity poles to sway, household articles to fall and dishes and glassware to rattle. It disrupted road traffic and ground to a halt train and subway services around Tokyo.

Tokyo residents, accustomed to frequent tremors, were alarmed by the quake because of the extensive media coverage of Mexico City's devastating earthquake last month that left at least 7,000 people dead.

The Tokyo Fire Department said it received about 240 phone calls in two hours from panicked city residents. One businessman described the swaying of his high-rise office building as like "riding on a merry-go-round."

Japan's high-speed bullet trains were briefly stopped, disrupting travel for 660,000 people. Other railway and subway lines were ordered temporarily halted. Traffic on several major highways came to a standstill.

"The bullet train stopped and the lights went out. I looked out the window and saw the guard rail shaking and I knew it was an earthquake," said one passenger at Tokyo station.

**Tokyo earthquake**
At 6.2 on the Richter scale, it's Tokyo's strongest quake in 56 years.

CHINA / U.S.S.R

Sea of Japan

S. KOREA

JAPAN

Tokyo

Epicenter

Pacific Ocean

Tribune graphic

UPI photo

# Deadly pileup

UFOs Sun Attack
Trib. 10/8/85

Vehicles on Interstate 5 near Sacramento, Calif., are piled on top of each other Sunday following a massive chain-reaction accident, which claimed the lives of eight persons and left at least 40 injured. The accident was caused when thick smoke from a nearby grass fire blinded northbound motorists on the busy freeway.

UFOs Sun Attack
Trib. 10/8/85

# 91 cars, 4 trucks in highway pileup

VIENNA, Austria -- At least 91 cars and four trucks piled up in a chain-reaction crash caused by fog on a north Austrian autobahn Monday, police said. Twelve people were reported injured.

The expressway north of Linz was closed for four hours by the accident. The Austria Press Agency said two cars had been involved in a minor accident in the fog, and that the other vehicles, unable to stop, started piling up behind them.


=== Page 25 of 31

Reagan Proposed Another $411 Million in Aid Last Week

Little to Look Forward to in Ethiopia

Seeks Funding For Trip To Ethiopia

To The Editor:
Your excellent reporter, Mary Ann Murdoch, did an article re my work in parapsychology and psi not long ago. Fine writing on her part. She can vouch that I have many credentials.

It is my wish to be able to travel to Ethiopia to bring the long-overdue rains down in that country. It would save thousands, perhaps millions, of lives. In the hard-cover book, "Mysteries," by Colin Wilson, you can read how he and his wife were present in London, England, in 1976, at the time I was giving a lecture on parapsychology and psi-phenomena before top scientists of the world. And I ended the killer-drought then prevalent in England. Mr. Wilson describes the episode in his book. There are a dozen books in the library, written by experts, which describe my work. Dr. Jeffrey Mishlove, Ph.D., states in an article that he did about my work in Fate Magazine, that I seem to have the powers of the ancient shamans of old, who could control weather.

At any rate, some wealthy local person would have to bankroll the trip, since I haven't the funds for it. Someone who might feel compassion for those pitifully sick Ethiopian children and adults who are dying from drought and starvation.

Ted Owens

Ocala Star-Banner
1/11/85


=== Page 26 of 31

Reagan Proposed Another $411 Million in Aid Last Week

# Little to Look Forward to in Ethiopia

Famine refugees in Makale, Ethiopia.

Contact/David Burnett

By CLIFFORD D. MAY

ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia -- On the dusty slope by St. Michael's Church in Makale, in the cold, early morning wind, the dead and the living lie side by side waiting for the stretcher bearers to sort them out. About 13,000 people have descended on this patch of hard ground called, without apparent irony, "the reception area" for Makale's refugee camps.

"A month ago, things were getting better here," said Brother Bullo, a relief worker and member of the Salesian order. "Now, I'm afraid they're worse again."

In Bati, a couple of hundred miles farther south, a woman stands inside a plastic tent washing the body of her mother for burial. She performs the Moslem ritual with silent intensity, tears coursing down her cheeks. When she is finished, she wraps the body in a shroud made of bags that days before had contained donated grain. The body is then carried to a hill nearby where some of Bati's 32 full-time grave diggers have prepared a place. "The first graves we dug at the bottom of the hill," said Ahmed Behoney, pointing to a spot several hundred yards down a slope. "And soon, I think, we will reach the top. But we do not work so much now as before."

Several months after the world learned of the severity of Ethiopia's famine, the crisis appears to be moving from the first stage of sudden and frantic response to a second, longer stage of chronic suffering and relentless coping. Setting up camps and feeding centers and finding donors willing to supply them has become less of a problem than managing and administering the more than 200 installations that now exist. (In Washington last week, President Reagan said 14 million Africans were threatened by hunger and proposed an additional allocation of $411 million for famine relief, bringing the total aid in this fiscal year to $1 billion. How much of the increase was new money was in dispute. The Administration also announced a Food for Progress program to encourage countries to abandon socialist farm policies in favor of capitalist ones.)

Conditions in the camps ease or worsen depending on a variety of changing factors. At Makale, for example, which until recently was known as a model camp, the situation has clearly deteriorated. More than 65,000 people have crowded into tents and shelters and the 13,000 still awaiting admission are no longer being quickly processed and cared for. "Too many new ones arrive every day," Brother Bullo said. "They just keep coming and coming from farther and farther away." In this highland region the weather has also turned hostile. The temperature at night is just above freezing and unseasonable rains occasionally drench the refugees, many of whom are clothed only in rags or goatskins.

Poor sanitary practices have been spreading disease as well. Few of the peasants now crowded together in the camps have used latrines before or washed regularly and many are reluctant to do so now. For these and other reasons, Makale's death rate, which not long ago had been reduced to about five a day, has now risen again more than tenfold.

## A Cloudy Future

In contrast, the death rate at Bati, which currently holds about 22,000 refugees, has fallen by two-thirds from the high of 150 a day just a few weeks ago. "We are really seeing an improvement here now," said Sigridur Gudmundsdottir, an Icelandic nurse working for the Red Cross. "The basic reason is simply that no one is without shelter and there's more food coming in. As long as that continues we can probably manage." Trappings of normal life have even begun to emerge. Families sit in front of their tents tending fires of twigs, boiling water for tea and toasting a bit of grain shipped in from Saskatchewan or Nebraska. Some of the refugees have begun to complain of monotony in their diet, "a sure sign they're getting healthier," a relief worker noted.

All this represents an accomplishment, but there are disturbing questions about what will happen next. How long these people will remain in the camps? How many of them will ever again be able to grow their own food or earn their own living? The refugees themselves say they want to go back to the land when the rains return. But many Western experts fear that reduced rainfall in this part of the world is a longterm trend. The experts also note that much of Ethiopia has supported too many people and too much livestock for far too long on soil severely eroded in many areas and depleted of minerals in others. Only 3 percent of the soil is still protected by trees.

For all these reasons, it is likely that what the future holds for many of the refugees already exists in Jijiga, in the Harerghe region, where a feeding center run by Mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity serves both famine victims and returnees from the Ethiopian-Somalia war of 1977. "These people were severely malnourished when they arrived," said Sister Bertilla. "But they are healthy now. After four years they no longer look like famine victims." But after that time, they are also still dependent upon handouts. And as the drought and famine continue to spread, the sisters are feeding a growing number of people, who arrive dejected and helpless.

Exclm 53 1/7/85


=== Page 27 of 31

I could give Africa all the rain it needs. Gwene

# U.S., Canada Nurses Help Starving

## 4 Treating Sick In Ethiopia Camp

JEHOWA, Ethiopia (AP) -- Three American nurses and a Canadian colleague who are here to care for Ethiopian famine victims sleep in tents, subsist on a diet of baked beans and vegetable soup and make their home is a rustic camp near the majestic highlands of northern Shoa Region.

The four, working about 150 miles from Addis Ababa, face serious health hazards themselves in working to save thousands suffering from starvation. Team leader Edith Wald, 51, of New York City, was evacuated home after contracting an illness which was not immediately diagnosed.

The nurses say they often get discouraged and depressed. But little victories keep them going.

"We had a woman in last week," recalled Geraldine Scott, 42, of New York City. "Her daughter and son were close to death, but we managed to save the boy. We lost one, but the mother didn't lose both her children.

"It's little things like that -- like the first smile from a child too weak to eat when it arrived -- that make it worthwhile, that make us love our work," Miss Scott said.

Eileen Mullaney, 29, of Cohasset, Mass., walked through the camp supervising workmen and carrying Ali Omar, a boy orphaned by famine and blinded in one eye by trachoma, a disease brought on by vitamin deficiency which afflicts many children here.

"If we only had some vitamin A we would help prevent some of this," she said. "But we just don't have it, so we have to watch these kids go blind."

The four are volunteers. They traded their white uniforms for blue jeans and T-shirts, and sterile hospital wards for dusty earthen floors.

"We're not hurting," said Miss Mullaney. "I don't mind sleeping on the floor and I'm warm at night in my sleeping bag. I don't even mind the mosquitoes and flies. It's only the sand fleas that really bug me."

Aside from Miss Scott and Miss Mullaney, the other nurses roughing it at the Jehowa emergency feeding station are Betty Normandin, 35, of Watertown, Mass.; and Canadian Gwen Sali, 29, of Estevan, Saskatchewan.

One recent day Geraldine Scott was found washing an emaciated 7-year-old boy named Omar, a member of Ethiopia's Oromo tribe, under the corrugated-roofed intensive feeding center.

"Omar's mother has died and his father is sick -- both because of a lack of food. So his old grandmother, who's also weak, brought him in today. She has to carry him on her back because he's still to weak to walk," Miss Scott said.

The aged grandmother embarrassed the American nurse by taking her hand and gently kissing it to express her gratitude. She then asked for some food to carry back home with her, but Miss Scott said she had to refuse the request.

"We've already given her a week's supply of supplementary food for Omar," the nurse explained. "The problem is we never ever have enough food.

"Last week there was no skim milk. We have some this week, but we haven't seen sugar for two weeks," Miss Scott added, her voice trembling.

A general shortage of cereals is undermining the nurses' work, which is aimed primarily at children and infants.

The government estimates that 9 million of Ethiopia's 42 million people are affected by the prolonged drought and famine.

"We distribute food here to families from 14 districts -- anything from 5,000 to 15,000 people in all. The problem is when we don't have grain, we can only hand out the supplementary foods for children in the families."

Miss Scott went on: "We know, of course, that when we give them no grain, the family has no other food, so the children's food will be shared among them all."

The nurses say they would like to keep the seriously ill in their camp around the clock, instead of feeding them during the day and sending them away at night. But they don't have the facilities.

The camp is in need of an electric generator, a water tank and a tractor to transport the water.

"At the moment, we've hired a woman whose only job is to walk miles every day to the river and back carrying gourds of water that we boil up at the camp," said Miss Mullaney.


=== Page 28 of 31

# FAMINE IN AFRICA: WHAT HOPE FOR THE STARVING?

Battered by the worst drought in a century, millions of Africans are suffering from starvation and severe malnutrition. How did it happen? What can be done?

by Kathy Wilmore

How many times have you seen them -- the haunting faces of the hungry? You know them well: the huge, dark eyes gazing out at the world from heads that seem too large, too heavy for the bony necks that support them. You can see that they are suffering, but why?

Look beyond the faces, at the land. Years of drought (lack of rain) have drained all life from the soil. Africa, the world's second-largest continent, is on the edge of disaster: It cannot feed its people.

**A Killing Drought**

The Sahara Desert stretches across much of the northern third of the African continent. Its area: 3.5 million square miles, almost as large as the 50 United States combined. The Sahara, the largest desert in the world, is growing at an alarming rate. In the last decade its dusty dryness has moved steadily southward by six to 12 miles each year (see map on p. 18).

Lack of rain in much of sub-Saharan Africa (lands south of the desert) has helped the desert spread. People living in parts of Ethiopia, the Sudan, Chad, Kenya, and many other nations have seen no rain at all in two, three, or more years.

Many of the farmers in these lands have always been poor. In the best of times, they had to struggle to grow enough to feed their families. The lucky ones managed to grow a little more, enough to sell. But now the dry soil yields nothing -- and the people go hungry.

Those who are strong enough to travel leave their homes and start walking. Mothers and fathers carry small children; other children carry baby brothers and sisters. They become refugees -- desperate people fleeing for their lives.

Half of the world's refugees are in Africa -- between two and five million people. Their numbers grow daily as the famine (severe food shortage) grows worse. But where are they to go? So much of the continent is suffering (see News Map, p. 7).

"You can't buy food that isn't there," said one relief worker, based in southeastern Africa. "So you see people scrabbling through litter for food, and you see people literally dropping dead in the street."

**More Mouths, Less Food**

Much of the blame for Africa's


This child, weak from hunger, must be helped to eat.

4 JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC Feb. 15, '85


=== Page 29 of 31

Pascal Maitre/Gamma-Liaison

OXFAM
ENERGY BISCUITS

This shipment of high-protein biscuits will save many lives. But it may be too late to help the baby in the relief worker's arms.

from people who wanted to know how they could help. The U.S. and other nations immediately sent food and medical supplies to Ethiopia and other stricken nations. But some people said we should have acted sooner.

"We have been asking for help since early 1983," charged a representative of UNICEF (the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. "It seems you have to have thousands of corpses before people will sit up and take notice." Despite this complaint, relief workers say the flood of aid is doing some good.

**What About Tomorrow?**

Shipments of food grains and medical supplies are helping to save thousands of lives a day. But these are only short-term, emergency measures. Some people fear that this kind of aid may do more harm than good in the long run. If the people and their governments come to rely on imported food aid, will they make the long-term plans necessary for a better future?

Most African leaders are trying to overcome the enormous problems their people face. They know that Africa will never be able to feed its own people unless domestic (at-home) food production is increased. Governments are working with farmers and scientists to develop new farming techniques, improve irrigation, and recover land lost to the spreading desert. Leaders also hope to convince people of the dangers of overpopulation, so that the climbing birthrate can be slowed to a manageable rate.

The U.S. is urging African nations to give farmers more incentives to increase food production. Many nations have kept food prices artificially low to keep city dwellers happy. But that has discouraged farmers from growing more food.

For now, food aid from Europe, Asia, and the Americas is more than welcome. It is the only thing keeping millions of Africans alive.

**YOUR TURN**
**Word Match**

1. drought a. food shortage
2. refugee b. lack of rain
3. famine c. output
4. relief d. one who flees
5. production e. aid

# HOW CAN YOU HELP?

News of Africa's disastrous famine may make you feel powerless to help. But there is much that you can do.

The best thing to do is send money. There are many ways you can raise funds. Start a collection in your school or neighborhood, or run a bake sale. Even a little money will go a long way: $15 can feed four African children for a month.

Sending packages of food is less helpful. Many African refugees have gone hungry for so long that they are unable to digest most kinds of food. Relief agencies will use the money you send to buy the types of food and medical supplies most suitable for each area.

If you contribute money, send it to a reputable organization. The following are providing famine relief to Africa.

American Red Cross
17th and D Streets, NW
Washington, DC 20006
(or contact your local chapter)

CARE: Campaign for Africa
660 First Avenue
New York, NY 10016

Catholic Relief Services
African Relief Fund
P.O. Box 2045
Church Street Station
New York, NY 10008

Oxfam America: Africa Fund
115 Broadway
Boston, MA 02119

Save the Children
Africa Emergency Fund
P.O. Box 925
Westport, CT 06881

U.S. Committee for UNICEF
P.O. Box 3040
Grand Central Station
New York, NY 10163

6 JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC


=== Page 30 of 31

WORLD

SIPA/Special Features

The drought kills animals as well as crops -- depriving people of milk and meat as well as of grains and vegetables.

food shortage has been placed on the drought. But the famine has other causes, too.

Africa has the highest birthrate of all the world's continents, and is the only one whose birthrate is still on the rise. In Kenya, for example, the population is doubling every 17 years. With so many more mouths to feed, food production must be steadily increased.

Just the opposite has happened. Twenty years ago, African nations were able to produce 98 percent of the food they needed. Since then, food production has dropped steadily, by 1-to-2 percent a year. Says U.S. Congressman Bill Gray (D, PA): "Drought, animal diseases, insect infestation, destruction of crops by fire and war make Africa the only continent in the world where per capita [per person] food production has declined over the past decade."

**Politics and Plows**

Most of the countries south of the Sahara Desert (often referred to as Black Africa), have been independent only 25 years or less. After winning independence, many of these nations raced to catch up with the "modern world" of the West.

Cities sprang up, and people flocked to them in search of jobs. But who would feed these people? Farmers were often left to fend for themselves. While modern factories were going up in the cities, most farmers worked the land with the same hand tools their ancestors had used.

In many of these young nations, food production has also been hampered by political strife: civil wars and other struggles have destroyed crops.

**A World of Want**

Much of the news about Africa's famine focuses on Ethiopia, a country on the northeastern horn of Africa. The starvation there is so widespread that it shocks even the most experience-hardened relief workers. "Never have I experienced anything like the scale of the need here," said Claire Bertschinger, a Red Cross nurse. "How do you choose who comes into the shelter?... There are so many -- so many."

"Last Friday I drove from Bati to Addis [Ababa]," said Getachew Araya, the Red Cross general secretary in Ethiopia. "Starving children were lying on the road to stop food trucks. It took me five hours to travel 28 miles."

Relief workers estimate that six million of Ethiopia's 32 million people are starving. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has placed Ethiopia at the top of its list of African nations worst-hit by the famine. Eleven other nations -- including Somalia, Mozambique, Zambia, and Kenya -- are also listed.

Last fall, film of the terrible conditions in the relief camps of Ethiopia was aired on TV news programs in the U.S. Relief agencies were deluged with calls

SIPA/Special Features

Thousands of refugees flock to relief centers like this one, hoping to get even a small bit of food or medicine for their children.

FEBRUARY 15, 1985 5


=== Page 31 of 31

abc NEWS MAP

FRANCE
ITALY
BLACK SEA
CASPIAN SEA
SPAIN
TURKEY
SYRIA
IRAQ
IRAN
Mediterranean Sea
Tunisia
Morocco
Algeria
Libya
Egypt
Western Sahara
Persian Gulf
SAUDI ARABIA
Mauritania
Mali
Niger
Chad
Sudan
RED SEA
Senegambia
Bourkina Fasso
Nigeria
Ethiopia
Djibouti
Gulf of Aden
Somalia
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Ivory Coast
Ghana
Benin
Togo
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Congo
Zaire
Uganda
Kenya
Rwanda
Burundi
Tanzania
INDIAN OCEAN
Seychelles
Comoros
São Tomé and Principe
Angola
Zambia
Malawi
Zimbabwe
Mozambique
Madagascar
Namibia (Southwest Africa)
Botswana
ATLANTIC OCEAN
South Africa
Swaziland
Lesotho
INDIAN OCEAN

Scale:
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 Miles
0 400 800 1,200 Kilometers

LEGEND:
DANGER OF FAMINE
Famine
Severe food shortage
Serious food shortage

# Famine in Africa

Stories about Ethiopia may grab most of the news headlines, but Ethiopia is not the only place in Africa where people are suffering from starvation and severe malnutrition. This map shows the nations hardest hit by food shortages. Study the map, then answer the following questions.

1. How many African nations are now suffering famine (severe food shortage)? __________

2. What three famine countries lie at 20°N latitude? __________

3. What is the only famine country that lies south of the Equator? __________

4. Which famine countries have no seacoast, making it more difficult to import food aid? __________

5. The only large country on Africa's east coast not experiencing famine or a serious food shortage is __________

6. What country is completely surrounded by South Africa and is experiencing a serious food shortage? __________

7. What nation (which shelters many Mozambican refugees) can be found at 20°S latitude, 30°E longitude? __________

8. What nation on Africa's west coast is suffering from famine? __________

9. What country on the north coast of Africa has a serious food problem? __________

10. How many of Ethiopia's neighbors have problems feeding their people? __________

FEBRUARY 15, 1985 7